Zaklików

Zaklików () is a town in Poland, located in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in Stalowa Wola County.

It is located at an altitude of 593 feet (180 m). On the southside of Zaklików in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship the Pysznica Gmina is located. To the southwest is the town of Radomyśl nad Sanem. The town is known for the production of sulfur; it also manufactures furniture and nuts & bolts.

History

thumb|left|Portrait of Stanisław Zaklika Czyżowski, the town's founder on one of the buildings

Before the town existed, a Catholic parish was first established in Zdziechowice, a village distance on September 22, 1409. The town of Zaklików was founded on April 9, 1565, by the royal assent obtained by the Castellan Stanisław Zaklika Czyżowski from the King Sigismund II Augustus, on the lands previously belonging to the village of Zdziechowice. The founding charter was based on the Magdeburg Law. The city took its name along with the coat of arms from its founder. After the Third Partition of Poland in 1795 the townn became part of the Austrian Partition of Poland. After the Polish victory in the Austro-Polish War of 1809, it became part of the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw, and after the duchy's dissolution in 1815, it became part of the Russian Empire (Congress Poland) in 1815 after the shifting of borders at the Congress of Vienna.

thumb|left|Holy Trinity church ca 1908

Zaklików was controlled by the Lublin namestniks under the Russian Partition. The Jewish community was small. The Qahal had 192 members in 1790 at the time of the dismemberment of Poland. However, the Tsarist anti-Polish policies resulted in the rapid influx of refugees. By 1869 the number of inhabitants reached 2,080.

From the archives of the reports of the Argentinian diplomatic missions about the racist policies of Germany and the occupied European countries (1933–1945), on June 25, 1943, Luis Luti, the Commercial Attaché of Argentina in Germany sent a letter to Argentina's Minister of Foreign Relations and Culture, Segundo R. Storni, in which he points out that "the road in which the deported Jews and the Jewish inhabitants of Poland were pushed to their ruin and destruction by the Nazis". In this report, he mentions the Warsaw Ghetto uprising and refers to the Treblinka concentration camp. The letter, numbered as "Note #275", and written in Berlin, states that after the violent dissolution of the Warsaw ghetto, in which the SS troops also suffered losses, according to the "Pat" agency, the Germans put great effort into "liquidating" the ghettos of the small cities in the provinces from which the Jews were deported. In this publication, the following cities are mentioned: Kraśnik, Zaklików, Lublin, Zawichost, Biała Podlaska, Jedresejow, Łuków, Sokołów, and Rawa Ruska.

There were about 200 survivors among Zaklików's prewar population of 1400. Most of the survivors had fled to the Soviet occupied territory at the beginning of the war or had escaped to the forest and fought as partisans. For a short description of the operation of the Zaklików ghetto, see the Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos.

Post-war

thumb|[[Baroque in Poland|Baroque Holy Trinity church]]

Based on the 1989 population survey about the social stratification in Eastern Europe, Zaklików had a population of 8,877. According to the coding of geographical units based on the Wykaz symboli terytorialnych wojewodztw, gmin i miast (Register of Territorial Codes for Voivodeships, Counties and Cities) of the Warsaw Glowny Urzad Statystyczny (Central Statistical Office) of 1992, the code for Zaklikow is 83721 and it is considered a rural county. Abbreviations for GPS are: ZKL, ZKLKW, ZAKLKW. In 2000, The Levi-Strauss Foundation donated US$2,400 to the Dom Pomocy Spolecznej in Zaklików, to renovate a 24-hour care center for mentally disabled women.

On 1 January 2014 town rights were restored.

Notable people

Samuel Klein (1923–2014), business magnate. Born in Zaklikow, after World War II he moved to São Paulo, Brazil, and founded the Casas Bahia chain of department stores in Brazil, building them into the top retailer in the country.

History

Post-war

Notable people

Historical figures

References

External links

Further reading