Westmoreland County is a county located in the Northern Neck of the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 United States census, the population sits at 18,477. Its county seat is Montross.
History
thumb|Nomini Hall, the Carter family plantation in Westmoreland County, was built in 1730 on land purchased from heirs of [[Nicholas Spencer by Robert "King" Carter]]
As originally established by the Virginia colony's House of Burgesses, this area was separated from Northumberland County in 1653 and named for the English county of Westmorland; both counties are coastal. The territory of Westmoreland County encompassed much of what later became the various counties and cities of Northern Virginia, including the city of Alexandria, Arlington County, Fairfax County, and Prince William County. These areas comprised part of Westmoreland until the formation of Stafford County in 1664.
Westmoreland County on Northern Neck was the birthplace of George Washington, who later became the first President of the United States (born at the former settlement of Bridges Creek, Virginia); of James Monroe, the fifth President; and of Robert E. Lee, general and commander of the Confederate armies during the American Civil War of 1861–1865.
Colonel Nicholas Spencer (1633-1689) resided in this county. He patented the land at Mount Vernon in 1674 with his friend Lt. Col. John Washington, ancestor of George Washington. Spencer, who served as President of the Council and acting Governor (in office: 1683–1684) of the Colony of Virginia, was the cousin of, and agent for, the Barons Colepeper, proprietors of the Northern Neck. Spencer lived at his plantation, Nomini, which his descendants later sold to Robert Carter I (1662/63 – 1732) .
Robert Carter's grandson, Robert Carter III, is known for voluntarily freeing almost 500 slaves from Nomini Hall, beginning in 1791. He also provided for their settlement on land that he bought for them in Ohio Country. This manumission was the largest known release of slaves in North America prior to the American Civil War and involved the largest number ever manumitted by an individual in the U.S.
Geography
thumb|Rural Westmoreland County
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (9.3%) is water. Located on the Northern Neck, the county is within the Northern Neck George Washington Birthplace AVA winemaking appellation.
Adjacent counties
- Charles County, Maryland - north
- St. Mary's County, Maryland - northeast
- Northumberland County - southeast
- Richmond County - south
- Essex County - southwest
- King George County - northwest
National protected areas
- George Washington Birthplace National Monument
- Rappahannock River Valley National Wildlife Refuge (part) Mothershead unit