William De Witt Snodgrass (January 5, 1926 – January 13, 2009) was an American poet who also wrote under the pseudonym S. S. Gardons. He won the 1960 Pulitzer Prize for Poetry.

Life

Snodgrass was born on January 5, 1926, in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, to Bruce De Witt, an accountant, and Jesse Helen (Murchie) Snodgrass. The family lived in Wilkinsburg, but drove to Beaver Falls for his birth since his grandfather was a doctor in the town. Eventually the family moved to Beaver Falls and Snodgrass graduated from the local high school in 1943. He then attended Geneva College until 1944 when he was drafted into the United States Navy. After demobilization in 1946, Snodgrass transferred to the University of Iowa and enrolled in the Iowa Writers' Workshop, originally intending to become a playwright but eventually joining the poetry workshop which was attracting as teachers some of the finest poetic talents of the day, among them John Berryman, Randall Jarrell and Robert Lowell. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1949, a Master of Arts degree in 1951, and a Master of Fine Arts degree in 1953.

Snodgrass was known to friends throughout his life as "De", pronounced "dee", but only published using his initials. He had a long and distinguished academic career, having taught at Cornell (1955–57), Rochester (1957–58), Wayne State (1959–68), Syracuse (1968–77), Old Dominion (1978–79), and the University of Delaware.). His later work moved in new directions: The Führer Bunker cycle of poems, monologues by Adolf Hitler and his circle in the closing days of the Third Reich, began appearing as a "poem in progress" in 1977 and was finally completed in 1995. An adaptation of these for the stage was performed in the 1980s. Snodgrass satirized his former confessional style in a series of poems written in response to DeLoss McGraw's surrealistic paintings, a collaboration that eventually grew into a partnership.

Bibliography

Poetry

  • 1959: Heart's Needle
  • 1968: After Experience: Poems and Translations
  • 1968: Leaving the Motel
  • 1970: Remains
  • 1977: The Führer Bunker: A Cycle of Poems in Progress
  • 1979: If Birds Build with Your Hair
  • 1981: These Trees Stand
  • 1982: Heinrich Himmler
  • 1983: The Boy Made of Meat
  • 1983: Magda Goebbels
  • 1984: D. D. Byrde Callying Jennie Wrenn
  • 1986: The Kinder Capers
  • 1986: A Locked House
  • 1987: Selected Poems: 1957–1987
  • 1988: W. D.'s Midnight Carnival
  • 1989: The Death of Cock Robin
  • 1993: Each in His Season
  • 1995: The Führer Bunker: The Complete Cycle
  • 2006: Not for Specialists: New and Selected Poems

Prose

  • In Radical Pursuit: Critical Essays and Lectures (1975)
  • After-images: Autobiographical Sketches (1999)
  • To Sound Like Yourself: Essays on Poetry (2002)

Drama

  • The Führer Bunker (1981)

Anthologies

  • Gallows Song (1967)
  • Six Troubadour Songs (1977)
  • Traditional Hungarian Songs (1978)
  • Six Minnesinger Songs (1983)
  • The Four Seasons (1984)
  • Five Romanian Ballads, Cartea Romaneasca (1993)
  • Selected Translations (1998)
  • De/Compositions: 101 Good Poems Gone Wrong (2001)

Sources

  • W. D. Snodgrass (Twayne's United States authors series; TUSAS 316) by Paul L. Gaston
  • The Poetry of W. D. Snodgrass: Everything Human (Under Discussion) by Stephen Haven (Editor)
  • No music, no poem: Interviews with W.R. Moses & W. D. Snodgrass by Roy Scheele
  • W. D. Snodgrass: A Bibliography by William White
  • Tuned and Under Tension: The Recent Poetry of W. D. Snodgrass (edited by Philip Raisor)
  • W. D. Snodgrass and The Führer bunker: an interview, Gaston
  • The First Confessionalist, an interview with Ernest Hilbert in Contemporary Poetry Review [http://www.cprw.com/Hilbert/snodgrass.htm]
  • An Examination of "Discourses on the apostolical succession", by W. D. Snodgrass, D.D by William Johnson
  • American Writers: A Collection of Literary Biographies, Supplement Vi, Don Delillo to W. D. Snodgrass, edited by Jay Parini
  • Everything Human: On the Poetry of W. D. Snodgrass by Richard Howard

References

  • A note on W D Snodgrass
  • Ernest Hilbert interview with W. D. Snodgrass.
  • W. D. Snodgrass video at Web of Stories
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20130531165847/http://ragazine.cc/archives/poetry09.htm] Michael Foldes, W. D. Snodgrass, Memoir, Ragazine.CC at [https://web.archive.org/web/20130531165847/http://ragazine.cc/archives/poetry09.htm]