Vladimir Mikhaylovich Petrov (; born Afanasii Mikhailovich Shorokhov; 15 February 1907 – 14 June 1991) was a Soviet spy who defected to Australia in 1954 with his wife Evdokia, in what became known as the Petrov Affair.
Early life and career
Petrov was born Afanasii Mikhailovich Shorokhov () on 15 February 1907 in , Russia, in what is now Tyumen Oblast in central Siberia.
Petrov was one of three brothers born to a peasant family. His father died when he was seven years old and he started work at a young age to support his family. He had only three years of formal education and was apprenticed to a blacksmith at the age of fourteen. The book, Empire of Fear, was ghost-written by an ASIO intelligence officer, Michael Thwaites, serialised in newspapers in 1955, and published in book-form in 1956.
- 1930–1933 cypher clerk Soviet Navy.
- 1933–1937 NKVD Moscow dealing with overseas cypher communications.
- 1937 NKVD cypher clerk attached to Soviet Army Western China.
- 1940–1942 NKVD cypher clerk Moscow dealing with Internal communications.
- 1942–1947 NKVD cypher clerk Sweden with additional Internal Security duties.
- 1947–1951 MGB Moscow handling cases of Soviet seamen accused of offences while visiting foreign ports.
- 1951–1954 MGB controller in Australia. Having graduated from cipher clerk to full-fledged agent, Petrov was sent to Australia in 1951. His job there was to recruit spies and to keep watch on Soviet citizens, making sure that none of the Soviets abroad defected.
Petrov lived through the purges of Stalin under Yagoda, Yezhov, and Beria. Even though a great number of his friends, colleagues, and superiors were arrested and executed, Petrov escaped unscathed.
Defection
Petrov's defection came about through his association with Polish-born doctor and musician Michael Bialoguski, who played along in seeming to allow Petrov to recruit him to gather information, while at the same time reporting to Australian Security Intelligence Organisation on Petrov's activities.
Petrov applied for political asylum in 1954, on the grounds that he could provide information regarding a Soviet spy ring operating out of the Soviet Embassy in Australia. Petrov states in his memoirs that his reasoning for defecting lay not in an imminent fear of being executed, but in his disillusionment with the Soviet system and his own experiences and knowledge of the terror and human suffering inflicted on the Soviet people by their government, in particular during the forced collectivization of farms and the famine which resulted.
Later life
Petrov and his wife were granted Australian citizenship on 12 October 1956. The government imposed a D-Notice, barring reporting of their activities, and established them in a safe house in Bentleigh East over fears that the Soviet government would attempt their assassination.
In 1957, under his assumed identity, Petrov began working for Ilford Photo in Upwey, while his wife worked as a typist for a tractor company. Petrov "enjoyed Australian rules football and rabbit shooting" while his wife did voluntary work for Meals on Wheels.
- Mrs Petrov's Shoe, a play by Noelle Janaczewska which won the Queensland Premier's Literary Award for drama in 2006.
- Document Z, a novel by Andrew Croome, which won the Australian/Vogel Literary Award in 2008.
- The Petrov Affair, a 1987 television mini-series.
See also
- Australian Labor Party split of 1955
- List of Eastern Bloc defectors