The baht (; , ; sign: ฿ or บ.; code: THB) is the official currency of Thailand. It is divided into 100 satang (, ; sign: st. or สต.). The currency was officially adopted during the Sukhothai period (1238-1438 CE) and continuously issued since. Initially issued in the podduang form, King Rama IV decided to switch to flat coins in 1860. The baht was then decimalised in 1897, before which the baht was divided into 8 fueang (, ), each into 8 at (, ), and each into 100 bia (, ). The issuance of currency is the responsibility of the Bank of Thailand. SWIFT ranked the Thai baht as the 10th-most-frequently used world payment currency as of December 2023.
The baht was defined as 15.16 grams (0.4874 troy oz) of silver or gold, which was exchanged at 16:1 ratio. This was the case until the decree of June 29, 1874 which switched the Thai baht to the silver standard, and again in 1908, converting the baht to the gold standard before being completely debased in 1962 with the halt in production of the silver baht coin.
The baht was pegged to the Spanish dollar from 1856 at a ฿5 to $3 ratio. It was then pegged to the British pound sterling (£) at a ฿8 to £1 in 1880 and subsequently several re-pegging to a new ratio. The baht was then pegged to the US dollar at a ฿20 to US$1 ratio along with several re-peg. The baht was forced to float in 1997 causing the Asian financial crisis.
History
The Thai baht, like the pound, originated from a traditional unit of mass. Its currency value was originally expressed as that of silver of corresponding weight (now defined as 15 grams), and was in use probably as early as the Sukhothai period in the form of bullet coins known in Thai as photduang. These were pieces of solid silver cast to various weights corresponding to a traditional system of units related by simple fractions and multiples, one of which is the baht. These are listed in the following table: Though the coins themselves have names like: solot, siao, sik, etc., the formal division of the Thai baht (tical) is 1 baht = 8 fueang = 64 at. This means that one baht is divided into eight fueang, and each one fueang is divided into eigth at. Currently, the Thai baht do not employ the at as a subunit, but the at is the current subunit of the Lao kip.
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from:1824 till:1851 color:rama3l text:"Rama III"
from:1851 till:1868 color:rama4l text:"Rama IV"
from:1868 till:1910 color:rama5l text:"Rama V"
from:1910 till:1925 color:rama6l text:"Rama VI"
from:1925 till:1935 color:rama7l text:"Rama VII"
from:1935 till:1946 color:rama8l text:"Rama VIII"
from:1946 till:2016 color:rama9l text:"Rama IX"
from:2016 till:$now color:rama10l text:"Rama X"
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from:1800 till:1902 color:grey1 text:Non-decimal money
from:1902 till:2026 color:grey2 text:Decimal money
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from:1856 till:1880 color:grey1 text:Peso peg
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from:1945 till:1956 color:grey text:
from:1956 till:1997 color:grey2 text:US dollar peg
from:1997 till:2026 color:grey text:
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from:1962 till:2026 color:grey2 text:Fiat standard
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from:1800 till:1870 color:grey text:various podduang series
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bar:5 from:1860 till:1910 color:rama4l text:"Coin Issue 2"
bar:6 from:1869 till:1910 color:rama4l text:"Coin Issue 3"
bar:7 from:1875 till:1910 color:rama5l text:"Coin Issue 4"
bar:8 from:1884 till:1902 color:rama5 text:"Chartered Bank of India, Australia, and China Banknote Series"
bar:9 from:1886 till:1902 color:rama5 text:"Banque de L'Indo-Chine Banknote Series"
bar:10 from:1888 till:1910 color:rama5l text:"Coin Issue 5"
bar:11 from:1889 till:1902 color:rama5 text:"Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Banknote Series"
bar:12 from:1892 till:1902 color:rama5 text:"Royal Treasury Banknote Series"
bar:13 from:1897 till:1902 color:rama5l text:"Coin Issue 6 (transitional)"
bar:14 from:1902 till:1925 color:rama5 text:"Banknote Series 1"
bar:15 from:1908 till:1937 color:rama5l text:"Coin Issue 7"
bar:16 from:1910 till:1937 color:rama6l text:"Coin Issue 8"
bar:17 from:1925 till:1934 color:rama6 text:"Banknote Series 2"
bar:18 from:1929 till:1937 color:rama7l text:"Coin Issue 9"
bar:19 from:1934 till:1937 color:rama7 text:"Banknote Series 3-1"
bar:20 from:1935 till:1937 color:rama8 text:"Banknote Series 3–2"
bar:21 from:1937 till:1942 color:rama8 text:"Banknote Series 4-1"
bar:22 from:1937 till:1946 color:rama8l text:"Coin Issue 10"
bar:23 from:1942 till:1942 color:rama8 text:"Banknote Series 4–2"
bar:24 from:1942 till:1945 color:rama8 text:"Banknote Series 5"
bar:25 from:1945 till:1945 color:rama8 text:"Banknote Series 6"
bar:26 from:1945 till:1945 color:rama8 text:"Banknote Series 7"
bar:27 from:1945 till:1948 color:rama8 text:"Banknote Series 8"
bar:28 from:1946 till:1950 color:rama8l text:"Coin Issue 11"
width:10 align:center fontsize:10 shift:(-6,-4) textcolor:black anchor:from align:right
bar:29 from:1948 till:1968 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 9-1"
bar:30 from:1950 till:1972 color:rama9l text:"Coin Issue 12"
bar:31 from:1955 till:1968 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 9–2"
bar:32 from:1968 till:1969 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 10"
bar:33 from:1969 till:1978 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 11"
bar:34 from:1972 till:1977 color:rama9l text:"Coin Issue 13"
bar:35 from:1977 till:1982 color:rama9l text:"Coin Issue 14"
bar:36 from:1978 till:2003 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 12"
bar:37 from:1982 till:1987 color:rama9l text:"Coin Issue 15"
bar:38 from:1985 till:2003 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 13"
bar:39 from:1987 till:2024 color:rama9l text:"Coin Issue 16-1"
bar:40 from:1994 till:2024 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 14"
bar:41 from:2003 till:2024 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 15"
bar:42 from:2009 till:2024 color:rama9l text:"Coin Issue 16–2"
bar:43 from:2013 till:2024 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 16-1"
bar:44 from:2017 till:2024 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 16–2"
bar:45 from:2018 till:2024 color:rama10l text:"Coin Issue 17"
bar:46 from:2018 till:2024 color:rama10 text:"Banknote Series 17"</timeline>
Denominations
thumb|407x407px|Siamese predecimal tical system
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! rowspan="2" |Unit
! rowspan="2" |Example
! colspan="2" |Value relative to
! rowspan="2" |Notes
|-
!Baht
!Satang
|-
|
|frameless|150x150px
|
|0.0156
| is Thai for cowry, the shell of which was used as a trade medium of the same value. The value fluxuate anywhere from 1 at = 60 to 1 at = 1200 depending on the era
|-
|
|frameless|150x150px
|
|0.78
| here literally means sixteen or sixteenth, referring to the fractional amount relative to a .
|-
|Satang
|frameless|150x150px
|
|1.00
|Means a hundredth of a cash
|-
|
|frameless|150x150px
|
|1.56
|Likewise, means eight.
|-
|/
/เสี้ยว/
|frameless|150x150px
|
|3.125
| means quarter.
|-
|
/สิ้ก
|frameless|150x150px
|
|6.25
| means half.
|-
|
|frameless|150x150px
|
|12.5
|The smallest silver bullet coins available in the market.
|-
|
|frameless|150x150px
|
|25
|Thai version of the mace. It is also the equivalent of the Cambodian salong, and Burmese pya.
|-
|Baht
|frameless|150x150px
|1
|100
|It is also the equivalent of the Cambodian baat, and Burmese kyat. Its alternative name is the tical.
|-
|
|frameless|155x155px
|4
|400
|Thai version of the tael.
|-
|
|frameless|150x150px
|80
|8000
|Thai version of the catty.
|-
|
|no example
|6400
|640000
|
|}
This predecimal system was in use up until 1897, when the decimal system devised by Prince Jayanta Mongkol, in which one baht = 100 satang, was introduced by his half-brother King Chulalongkorn along with the demonetisation of silver bullet coins on 28 October 1904 after the end of silver bullet coin production by the opening of Sitthikarn Royal Mint in 1857. However, coins denominated in the old units were issued until 1910, and the amount of 25 satang is still commonly referred to as a , as is the 25-satang coin.
Until 27 November 1902, the baht was fixed on a purely silver basis, with 15 grams of silver to the baht. This caused the value of the currency to vary relative to currencies on a gold standard. From 1856 to 1864, the values of certain foreign silver coins were fixed by law, with 5 baht = 3 Spanish dollar = 7 Indian rupees. Before 1880 the exchange rate was fixed at 8 baht per £, falling to 10 to the £ during the 1880s.
In 1902, the government began to increase the value of the baht by following all increases in the value of silver against gold but not reducing it when the silver price fell. Beginning at 21.75 baht per British £, the currency rose in value until, in 1908, a fixed peg to the British pound sterling was established of 13 baht per £. This was revised to 12 baht in 1919 and then, after a period of instability, to 11 baht in 1923. During World War II, the baht was fixed at a value of one Japanese yen on 22 April 1942.
From 1956 until 1973, the baht was pegged to the US dollar at an exchange rate of 20.8 baht = one US$ and at 20 baht = 1 US$ until 1978. A strengthening US economy caused Thailand to re-peg its currency at 25 to the US$ from 1984 until 2 July 1997, when the country was affected by the 1997 Asian financial crisis. The baht was floated and halved in value, reaching its lowest rate of 56 to the US$ in January 1998. It rose to 30 per US$ in January 2021.
The baht was originally known to foreigners by the term tical, which was used in English language text on banknotes until the series 2 1925.
Currency sub-unit equivalents
{| class="wikitable text-align: center"
|+
!Thai Equiv. Subunits
!Thailand (Siam)
!India (British India)
!Myanmar (Konbaung)
!British pound
!US dollar
!Cambodia
!Laos (Lan Xang & etc.)
!Indochinese Union
!Vietnam (Nguyen)
!China (Qing)
!Korea (Joseon)
!Japan (Tokugawa)
|-
!4 Unit
|Tamlung
(55g~ silver)
|
|
|Half-Sovereign (10s)
(54g~ silver)
|
|Taal
(60g~silver)
|Lat
(60g~ silver)
|
|
|
|
|Kanmon
(56g~ silver)
|-
!2 1/2 Unit
|Paddung
(35g~ silver)
|
|
|
|
| colspan="3" |Tael
(34g~ silver)
|Chỉ (10錢/1兩)
(37g~ silver)
|Tael (10錢/1两)
(37g~ silver)
|Nyang (100錢/1兩)
(37g~ silver)
|Ryo (~12朱/1両)
(37g~ silver)
|-
!2 Unit
|Half-Tamlung
(27g~ silver)
|
|
|Crown (5s)
(27g~ silver)
|US dollar ($1)
(24g~ silver)
| colspan="3" |Piastre (27g~ silver)
|Nguyên (1元)
(27g~ silver)
|Yuan (1元)
(27g~ silver)
|Won (1圓)
(27g~ silver)
|Yen (1圓)
(27g~ silver)
|-
!1 Unit
|Baht
(14g~ silver)
|Rupee
(12g~ silver)
|Kyat
(12g~ silver)
|Half-Crown (2½s)
(13g~ silver)
|Half-US dollar ($½)
(12g~ silver)
|Baat
(15g~silver)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!1/2 Unit
|Two Salung
(6.9g~ silver)
|Athanni
(6g~ silver)
|
|Shilling (1s)
(5g~ silver)
|Quarter ($)
(6g~ silver)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|Bu (~3朱)
(8.5g~ silver)
|-
!1/4 Unit
|Salung
(3.4g~ silver)
|Chawanni
(3g~ silver)
|Mat
(3g~ silver)
|Sixpence (6d)
(2.5g~ silver)
|Dime (10¢)
(2.3g~ silver)
|Salong
|
|
|Tiền (1錢)
(3.7g~ silver)
|Mace (1錢)
(3.7g~ silver)
|Yang (圓)
(3.7g~ silver)
|Shu (1朱)
(2.6g~ silver)
|-
!1/8 Unit
|Fuang
(1.7g~ silver)
|Duanni
(1.5g~ silver)
|Mu
(1.5g~ silver)
|Threepence (3d)
(1.3g~ silver)
|Nickel (5¢)
(1.2g~ silver)
|Fuang
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!1/16 Unit
|Sik
(0.85g~ silver)
|Anna
(0.75g~ silver)
|Pe
(0.75g~ silver)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!1/32 Unit
|Pai / Siao
(0.42g~ silver)
|Taka
(0.38g~ silver)
|
|Penny (1d)
(0.43g~ silver)
|
|Pe
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!1/40 Unit
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|Phân (錢)
(0.37g~ silver)
|Candareen (錢)
(0.37g~ silver)
|Jeon (1錢)
(0.37g~ silver)
|
|-
!1/64 Unit
|At
(0.21g~ silver)
|Pice
(0.18g~ silver)
|Pya
|Halfpenny (½d)
(0.21g~ silver)
|Penny (1¢)
(0.2g~ silver)
|At
|At (old)
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!1/100 Unit
|Satang
(0.13g~silver)
|(new) Paisa
|(new) Pyas
|
|
|Sen
|Cent / At
|Cent
|(new) Văn (元)
|(new) Fen (元)
|(new) Jeon (圓)
|(new) Sen (圓)
|-
!1/128 Unit
|Solot
(0.11g~silver)
|
|
|Farthing (d)
(0.11g~ silver)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!1/256 Unit
|
|Pie
|
|Half-Farthing (d)
(0.05g~ silver)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!1/400 Unit
|Bia
|
|
|
|
| colspan="3" |Sapèque
|Văn (錢)
|Cash / Fen (錢)
(0.037g~ silver)
|Pun / Mun (錢)
|Mon (~朱)
|-
| colspan="13" |
- *Silver or silver equivalents
- <nowiki>**</nowiki> Weights for the baht is based upon the 1908 weight standard
|}
On the topic of demonetization
Unlike many nations that periodically demonetize obsolete currency series to combat counterfeiting or financial crimes, Thailand maintains a policy of perpetual legal tender status for its paper currency. Under national monetary frameworks, all banknotes officially issued by the government since the central bank's establishment remain legally valid for circulation and exchange at face value. Though this is done through omission as per the Currency Act B.E. 2501.
While older paper issues theoretically retain full purchasing power, their modern everyday use is virtually non-existent. This is due to a lack of public familiarity, compatibility limitations with modern automated banking systems, and the fact that their numismatic collector value often vastly exceeds face value. However, any obsolete or heavily worn banknote can still be exchanged for modern equivalents at any commercial bank or directly at the BOT without an expiration date.
Precedents for demonetization
There are only one occurrence for demonetization of a series. The first time is when the currecy transferred to the decimal system, eliminating denomination such as at, fuang, and etc. This occurred through a bunch of decrees from 1895 to 1909 when the old currency was phased out.
Currency symbol
The currency symbol for the baht is <big></big> (a Latin letter B with a vertical stroke). In 1986, this symbol was given a codepoint for computer use in the Thai Industrial Standard 620–2533 (Thailand's extension of ASCII), at position 0xDF. This national standard was subsequently subsumed into international standards as ISO/IEC 8859-11 ("ISO Latin-Thai"). In turn, the ISO 8859 series were transposed into the Unicode standard, where the symbol was allocated the codepoint .
The symbol is also used for the Panamanian balboa.
Abbreviation
In Thai usage, the baht () is legally abbreviated as according to Section 7 of the Currency Act, B.E. 2501.
Bitcoin
For a time, the baht symbol was appropriated by some as a symbol for Bitcoin, a cryptocurrency. Following representations, a separate code point (, a Latin letter B with two vertical strokes) was allocated in Unicode version 10.0.
Square katakana
In Unicode 1.0, two codepoints were allocated to the baht, one as the currency symbol in the Thai range and one in the CJK Compatibility block as a square version of the Japanese word for "baht", written in katakana script. Consequently, only a few computer fonts have any content for this codepoint and its use is deprecated.
(The Japanese for "baht" is (). However, the reference glyph and the character name correspond to (, from English "parts").
!Name of the production facility
!Alternative names
!Start
!End
|-
|Royal Thai Mint
|สำนักกษาปณ์
|1860
|present
|-
|China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation
|中国印钞造币总公司
|2017
|2017
|-
|Korea Minting and Security Printing Corporation
|한국조폐공사
|2017
|present
|-
|South African Mint
|
|2016
|present
|-
|Mint of Bavaria
|Bayerisches Münzkontor
|2011
|2016
|-
|Mint of Finland
|Suomen Rahapaja
|1986
|2017
|-
|Mint of Poland
|Mennica Polska
|2015
|2016
|-
|Mint of Paris
|Monnaie de Paris
|1908
2017
|1925
2017
|-
|Royal Canadian Mint
|Monnaie Royale Canadienne
|1986
|2007
|-
|State Mint and Polygraphic Institute (Italian Mint)
|Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato
|1989
|1989
|-
|Mint of Japan
|独立行政法人造幣局
|1926
|1937
|-
|Heaton and Sons (Birmingham Mint Limited)
|
|1875
|1921
|-
|Royal Mint of Belgium
|La Monnaie Royale de Belgique/<br />Koninklijke Munt van België
|1908
|1935
|-
|United States Mint of Philadelphia
|
|1919
|1919
|-
|Mint of Hamburg
|Hamburgische Münze
|1887
|1905
|}
Mint history timeline
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from:1800 till:1809 color:rama1l text:"Rama I"
from:1809 till:1824 color:rama2l text:"Rama II"
from:1824 till:1851 color:rama3l text:"Rama III"
from:1851 till:1868 color:rama4l text:"Rama IV"
from:1868 till:1910 color:rama5l text:"Rama V"
from:1910 till:1925 color:rama6l text:"Rama VI"
from:1925 till:1935 color:rama7l text:"Rama VII"
from:1935 till:1946 color:rama8l text:"Rama VIII"
from:1946 till:2016 color:rama9l text:"Rama IX"
from:2016 till:$now color:rama10l text:"Rama X"
width:10 align:center fontsize:10 shift:(-6,-4) textcolor:black anchor:from align:right
bar:1 from:1860 till:2026 color:rama4l text:"Royal Thai Mint"
bar:2 from:1875 till:1921 color:rama5l text:"Heaton and Sons (The Mint Birmingham Limited)"
bar:3 from:1887 till:1905 color:rama5l text:"Mint of Hamburg"
bar:4 from:1908 till:1935 color:rama5l text:"Royal Mint of Belgium"
bar:5 from:1908 till:1925 color:rama5l text:"Mint of Paris"
bar:6 from:1919 till:1920 color:rama6l text:"United States Mint of Philadelphia"
bar:7 from:1926 till:1937 color:rama7l text:"Mint of Japan"
bar:8 from:1986 till:2017 color:rama9l text:"Mint of Finland"
bar:9 from:1986 till:2007 color:rama9l text:"Royal Canadian Mint"
bar:10 from:1989 till:1990 color:rama9l text:"RoyalState Mint and Polygraphic Institute (Italian Mint)"
bar:11 from:2011 till:2016 color:rama9l text:"Bavarian State Mint"
bar:12 from:2015 till:2016 color:rama9l text:"Mint of Poland"
bar:13 from:2016 till:2026 color:rama10l text:"South African Mint"
bar:14 from:2016 till:2017 color:rama10l text:"China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation"
bar:15 from:2017 till:2026 color:rama10l text:"Korea Minting and Security Printing Corporation"
barset:skip
</timeline>
Photduang coinage
thumb|Example of the [[Spanish dollar which was marked with the Siamese government's emblem – marking that it is legal tender]]
Cowrie shells from the Mekong River had been used as currency for small amounts since the Sukhothai period. Before 1860, Thailand did not produce coins using modern methods. Instead, a so-called "bullet" coinage was used, consisting of bars of metal, thicker in the middle, bent round to form a complete circle on which identifying marks were stamped. Denominations issued included , , , , , , 1, , 2, , 4, , 8, 10, 20, 40 and 80 baht in silver and , , , , 1, , 2 and 4 baht in gold. One gold baht was generally worth 16 silver baht. Between 1858 and 1860, foreign trade coins were also stamped by the government for use in Thailand.
Sukhothai and Ayutthaya photduang
Photduang, a form of currency used during the Sukhothai period, was characterised by its longer legs, which created a larger and wider hole in the middle. These coins were primarily made of silver and featured a cut across the front of each leg. This cut served a dual purpose: it authenticated the money and allowed for the quality of the silver to be tested. Over time, as the Sukhothai Kingdom declined and became a vassal state of Ayutthaya—which was established as the capital in 1350—the design of photduang evolved. The coins became rounder with shorter legs, and the central hole, while still present, grew smaller. By the end of this era, the hole disappeared completely. The cuts on the legs also reduced in size and were eventually replaced by a small elliptical nick, known as "Met Kao San," on one side of the coin.
Thonburi and Rattanakosin photduang
The Thonburi period (1767–1782) and the Rattanakosin period, beginning in 1782, adopted the photduang design from the late Ayutthaya period. The coins from these periods had no central hole, and the legs were even shorter. A key difference was that
thumb|453x453px|Siam at the time of podduang issue 4 (1805)
Thonburi photduang lacked the elliptical nick, whereas the Rattanakosin coins reintroduced this feature, similar to the Ayutthaya coins. Photduang from these later periods typically featured two stamped marks: the dynasty mark on top and the king's personal mark on the front part. The dynasty mark often symbolised the kingdom's ruling dynasty, while the king's personal mark represented the reigning monarch. *continues in the coin section*
List
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100% style=" text-align: center"
! colspan="10" |Photduang of the Thai tical (Rama III & Rama IV)
|-
! rowspan="2" |Image
! colspan="2" |Names
! colspan="2" |Value
! rowspan="2" |Width<br />(mm)
! rowspan="2" |Weight<br />(g)
! rowspan="2" |Composition
! rowspan="2" |Inscription, description
! rowspan="2" |Dates of issue
|-
!Primary
!Secondary
!in silver<br />baht
!in gold<br />baht
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|colspan="2" |Bia<br />เบี้ย
|
|
|25
|1.58
|Calcium carbonate
|None
|1238–1869
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|Half Phai<br />กึ่งไพ
|At<br />อัฐ
|1/64
|1/1024
|2
|0.25
| rowspan="7" |Silver
|State ensign of Rattanakosin
|1824–1851
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|colspan="2" |Phai<br />ไพ
|1/32
|1/512
|4
|0.5
| rowspan="6" |State ensign of Rattanakosin<br />Castle
| rowspan="6" |1824–1856
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|2 Phai<br />สองไพ
|Half Fueang<br />กึ่งเฟื้อง
|1/16
|1/256
|6
|1
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|colspan="2" |Fueang<br />เฟื้อง
|1/8
|1/128
|6.5
|1.98
|-
|frameless|150x150px
| colspan="2" |Salueng<br />สลึง
|1/4
|1/64
|9
|3.7
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|2 Salueng<br />สองสลึง
|Half Baht<br />กึ่งบาท
|1/2
|1/32
|11
|7.6
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|colspan="2" |Baht<br />บาท
| rowspan="2" |1
| rowspan="2" |1/16
|14.5
|15.14
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|Gold 2 Phai<br />สองไพทอง
|Gold Half Fueang<br />กึ่งเฟื้องทอง
|5
|1
|Gold
|State ensign of Rattanakosin<br />Phra Maha Mongkut seal
|1851–1856
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|2 Baht<br />สองบาท
|Half Tamlueng<br />กึ่งตำลึง
| rowspan="2" |2
| rowspan="2" |1/8
|17.5
|30.30
|Silver
|State ensign of Rattanakosin<br />Castle
|1824–1856
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|colspan="2" |Gold Fueang<br />เฟื้องทอง
|6
|1.5
|Gold
|State ensign of Rattanakosin<br />Phra Maha Mongkut seal
|1851–1856
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|4 Baht<br />สี่บาท
|Tamlueng<br />ตำลึง
| rowspan="2" |4
| rowspan="2" |1/4
|23.5
|60.50
|Silver
|State ensign of Rattanakosin<br />Castle
|1824–1856
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|colspan="2" |Gold Salueng<br />สลึงทอง
|8
|3.7
| rowspan="4" |Gold
| rowspan="6" |State ensign of Rattanakosin<br />Phra Maha Mongkut seal
| rowspan="4" |1851–1856
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|Gold 2 Salueng<br />สองสลึงทอง
|Gold Half Baht<br />กึ่งบาททอง
|8
|1/2
|9.5
|7.56
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|colspan="2" |Gold Baht<br />บาททอง
|16
|1
|12
|15.14
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|Gold 2 Baht<br />สองบาททอง
|Gold Half Tamlueng<br />กึ่งตำลึงทอง
|32
|2
|16
|30.01
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|40 Baht<br />สี่สิบบาท
|Half Chang<br />กึ่งชั่ง
|40
|2.5
|48
|606.5
| rowspan="2" |Silver
|1860
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|80 Baht<br />แปดสิบบาท
|Chang<br />ชั่ง
|80
|5
|59
|1216
|1859
|}
Predecimal coinage
Rama III (1824–1851) was the first king to consider the use of a flat coin. He did so not for the convenience of traders, but because he was disturbed that the creatures living in the cowrie shells were killed. When he learned of the use of flat copper coins in Singapore in 1835, he contacted a Scottish trader, who had two types of experimental coins struck in England. The king rejected both designs. The name of the country put on these first coins was Muang Thai, not Siam.
In 1860, modern-style coins were introduced. These were silver 1 sik; 1 fueang; 1 and 2 salueng; 1, 2, and 4 baht; with the baht weighing 15.244 grams and the others weight-related. Tin 1 solot and 1 at followed in 1862, with gold , 4, and 8 baht introduced in 1863 and copper 2 and 4 at in 1865. Copper replaced tin in the 1 solot and 1 at in 1874, with copper 4 at introduced in 1876. The last gold coins were struck in 1895.
thumb|453x453px|Siam at the time of coin issue 1, 2, 3, and 4 (1856–1875)
Coin timeline
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id:rama8 value:rgb(0.024, 0.329, 0.396)
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width:20 align:center fontsize:10 shift:(,-6) textcolor:black
bar:rulers
from:1800 till:1809 color:rama1l text:"Rama I"
from:1809 till:1824 color:rama2l text:"Rama II"
from:1824 till:1851 color:rama3l text:"Rama III"
from:1851 till:1868 color:rama4l text:"Rama IV"
from:1868 till:1910 color:rama5l text:"Rama V"
from:1910 till:1925 color:rama6l text:"Rama VI"
from:1925 till:1935 color:rama7l text:"Rama VII"
from:1935 till:1946 color:rama8l text:"Rama VIII"
from:1946 till:2016 color:rama9l text:"Rama IX"
from:2016 till:$now color:rama10l text:"Rama X"
width:10 align:center fontsize:10 shift:(6,-4) textcolor:black anchor:till align:left
bar:1 from:1856 till:1862 color:rama4l text:"Coin Issue 1 (transitional)"
bar:2 from:1860 till:1910 color:rama4l text:"Coin Issue 2"
bar:3 from:1869 till:1910 color:rama4l text:"Coin Issue 3"
bar:4 from:1875 till:1910 color:rama5l text:"Coin Issue 4"
bar:5 from:1888 till:1910 color:rama5l text:"Coin Issue 5"
bar:6 from:1897 till:1902 color:rama5l text:"Coin Issue 6 (transitional)"
bar:7 from:1908 till:1937 color:rama5l text:"Coin Issue 7"
bar:8 from:1910 till:1937 color:rama6l text:"Coin Issue 8"
bar:9 from:1929 till:1937 color:rama7l text:"Coin Issue 9"
bar:10 from:1937 till:1946 color:rama8l text:"Coin Issue 10"
width:10 align:center fontsize:10 shift:(-6,-4) textcolor:black anchor:from align:right
bar:11 from:1946 till:1950 color:rama8l text:"Coin Issue 11"
bar:12 from:1950 till:1972 color:rama9l text:"Coin Issue 12"
bar:13 from:1972 till:1977 color:rama9l text:"Coin Issue 13"
bar:14 from:1977 till:1982 color:rama9l text:"Coin Issue 14"
bar:15 from:1982 till:1987 color:rama9l text:"Coin Issue 15"
bar:16 from:1987 till:2024 color:rama9l text:"Coin Issue 16-1"
bar:17 from:2009 till:2024 color:rama9l text:"Coin Issue 16–2"
bar:18 from:2018 till:2024 color:rama10l text:"Coin Issue 17"
barset:skip
</timeline>
Beginning the production of flatcoins
While the Thai diplomatic mission led by Phraya Montri Suriyawong was in England in 1857, King Mongkut sent a letter requesting assistance in acquiring coin-minting machinery. In the letter dated November 2, 1857, he wrote:<blockquote>"...I have obtained the tools to mint coins in the style of Thai coins as I have given to Chao Muen Sanphet Phakdi (Peng Penkul), the deputy envoy. Please take care of this matter and discuss it with Lord Clarendon (British Foreign Minister) so that he may help in devising a plan. This will help develop the country, as these are Thai-style coins that the people will trust and use like the Thai baht."</blockquote>The King explained his intention to mint coins in denominations of one baht, half-baht, salung, and fuang, emphasizing that they should be attractive, trustworthy, and easy to produce in large quantities. He also noted concern about neighboring rulers already issuing modern coins in their own realms.
The Siamese delegation visited the factory of Joseph Taylor in Birmingham on December 10, 1857, and ordered minting machinery worth about 3,000 pounds, including engraved dies and the services of two engineers.
The machinery arrived in Bangkok in late 1858 together with its foreman, Samuel Sanders, who died shortly after arriving. Two English engineers, Charles Wigley and Barringer, continued the installation. Wigley later died in 1868 after falling from his houseboat on the Chao Phraya River, while Barringer died of dysentery in 1869. Mod Amatyakul eventually oversaw the continuation of the project.
The minting machinery became operational in 1860 at the new mint near the Grand Palace, called the "Royal Mint of Sitthikan." An official proclamation described the new silver coins:<blockquote>"...Therefore, His Majesty has conceived the idea of establishing a new mint for silver coins and the coins by setting the price of Thai coins at one baht as the base, and denominate the silver coins into of two salung, one salung and etc"</blockquote>These coins featured the Great Victory Crown, royal umbrellas, wheel designs, and elephant emblems. Different denominations were identified by star patterns representing gears. Gold coins were also minted. The machine-struck silver and gold coins circulated from 1860 until the original machinery broke down in 1870.
To expand production, a second mint was built near the original site and completed in 1875. New machinery from England arrived in 1876, and King Chulalongkorn officially opened the mint on May 31, 1876. The proclamation stated:<blockquote>"...As His Majesty King Mongkut graciously ordered the establishment of machinery to mint baht, salung, and fuang coins to replace the previous reign's bullet money, this new mint shall continue to be used until the present reign."</blockquote>The new coins carried a portrait of King Chulalongkorn on one side and the Siamese national emblem on the other. The proclamation further declared:<blockquote>"These three types of money are to be used by the people normally, and the emblem bearing the image of the King should not be considered sacred or low-status. It may be placed in a basket or container. No one is allowed to misrepresent it or misuse it. Anyone who arrests the people and causes them distress will be punished according to the law..."</blockquote>In 1901, Siam built a third mint on Chao Fa Road equipped with electrically powered machinery capable of producing 80,000–100,000 baht worth of coins per day. The mint continued producing coins bearing the portrait of Rama V and the national coat of arms until 1972, when operations moved to the modern Royal Thai Mint on Pradiphat Road in Bangkok.
Modern coinage laws followed the expansion of machine minting. The Currency Act of 1902 and the Gold Standard Act of 1908 formally regulated Siamese currency. The Act defined:<blockquote>"Mint" means the government mint in Bangkok.</blockquote><blockquote>"Mint coin" means a metal block minted by any government for use as currency.</blockquote><blockquote>"Small coins" means mint coins with a value less than 1 baht, and one baht coin shall be divided into 100 satang.</blockquote>Older feung, att, and sot coins were gradually withdrawn and replaced with satang-denominated currency. The Thai term "กระษาปณ์" (krasaap), meaning currency or coinage, first appeared in early mint regulations. It derives from an ancient Indian copper currency term and is today officially written as "กษาปณ์".
Issue 0 – 1835 - Muang Thai Series (trial series)
During the reign of King Rama III (1824–1851), an initiative was made to introduce Thailand's first flat coinage, intended to replace the widely used cowrie shells. To aid in this modernisation of the monetary system, the king employed Robert Hunter, a Scottish merchant, to produce pattern coins.
King Rama III had the idea to produce copper cowrie shells to replace cowrie shells, which were live animals. He ordered Phraya Phra Khlang (Dis) to design and make a sample for his inspection. Phraya Phra Khlang (Dis) contacted Mr. Robert Hunter, a Scottish merchant who had a trading post in Bangkok, to order a sample. Upon receiving it, it was presented to the King for inspection, but he did not approve of it. Therefore, no copper cowrie shells were produced during the reign of Rama III.
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="11" |<big>Table for Issue 1.1 - 1835 - Mongkut Regalia Series</big>
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:15%" |Image
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Denomination
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Weight
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Dimensions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Mintages
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Compositions
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:30%" |Inscriptions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:8%" |Date of Issue
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:10%" |Designer / Sculptor
|-
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" | Reverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Reverse
|-
| rowspan="3" |frameless|150x150px
| rowspan="3" |frameless|150x150px
|Half-Fueang<br />กึ่งเฟื้อง
|1.00g
|12.5mm
| rowspan="3" |Unknown
|Gold
|Chakra Seal
----Great Crown of Victory Seal
----Sacred Water Vessel Seal
|none
| rowspan="3" |1856
| rowspan="3" |Unknown
|-
|Salueng<br />สลึง
|3.70g
|16.0mm
|Silver
|Chakra Seal
----Great Crown of Victory Seal
----Sacred Water Vessel Seal
|none
|-
|Fueang<br />เฟื้อง
|1.85g
|12.5mm
|Silver
|Chakra Seal
----Great Crown of Victory Seal
----Sacred Water Vessel Seal
|none
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="11" |<big>Table for Issue 1.2 - 1835 - Krung Thep Series</big>
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:15%" |Image
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Denomination
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Weight
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Dimensions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Mintages
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Compositions
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:30%" |Inscriptions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:8%" |Date of Issue
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:10%" |Designer / Sculptor
|-
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" | Reverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Reverse
|-
| rowspan="4" |frameless|150x150px
| rowspan="4" |frameless|150x150px
|Salueng<br />สลึง
|3.80g
|20.0mm
| rowspan="4" |Unknown
|Gold
|Great Crown of Victory Seal
|กรุงเทพ (ฺBangkok)
| rowspan="4" |1856
| rowspan="4" |Unknown
|-
|Fueang<br />เฟื้อง
|1.80g
|15.0mm
|Gold
|Great Crown of Victory Seal
|กรุงเทพ (ฺBangkok)
|-
|Salueng<br />สลึง
|3.80g
|20.0mm
|Silver
|Great Crown of Victory Seal
|กรุงเทพ (ฺBangkok)
|-
|Fueang<br />เฟื้อง
|1.80g
|15.0mm
|Silver
|Great Crown of Victory Seal
|กรุงเทพ (ฺBangkok)
|}
Issue 2, 3 – 1860, 1869 – Tributary Series & Great Chula Seal Series
This series in thai is called: เหรียญบรรณาการ (Rian Bannakan) which means tributary coins or coin gifts. As this series of coins was produced using manually operated machinery that had been presented as a royal gift by Queen Victoria of England. Due to the limited production capacity of these machines, the coins could not be minted in sufficient quantities to meet the country's demand. Consequently, their use was discontinued. This coincided with the arrival of steam-powered machinery, which allowed for more efficient and larger-scale coin production. It is worth noting that coins of the half-fuang denomination were not mentioned in official announcements.
Though the silver coins within issue 2 has three production date: 1857, 1860, and 1863 in which they differ slightly in design, they are nevertheless counted as a single issue. 1857 issue was the original sets which were given by Queen Victoria.
The first circulating issue of the Siamese coins. This marked the start of the move away from using photduang currency. Though in this era, the photduang were still legal tender. In this series, the lower denominations were made of silver, and the higher ones were made of gold. These higher denominations were given nicknames: pot dueng, pit, and tot. Pot dueng means thirty two, as in 1/32 of a chang. The other nickname was the chinkang or one Chinese tamlueng. The pit means twenty, as in 1/20 of a chang, the other name is ekkang, or one thai tamlueng. The tot means ten, as in 1/10 of a chang. The coin was also called thukkang, which means two tamlueng. In the lower denominations materials such as tin, copper and brass are used, since these are quite low value.
In 1857, a series of trial coins were produced. But due to the broken and rusted die pieces along with the rusted minting press, the coins of this trial series were not to the satisfaction of Rama IV, hence testing continued. The flawed coins of this series is noted to have an inconsistent and rough "sand-like" texture. In 1857–1860 small amounts of trial circulation coins were produced to circulate within the palace walls, so that the noblemen could give feedback and test the new system.
In 1863, following reports of an increase in gold reserves, Rama IV ordered the production of gold coins to supplement the existing silver series. Although intended for general circulation, the coins were unfamiliar to the public and consequently, many coins were converted into jewellery. Fully intact specimens without holes are considered rare today.
With the crowning of King Rama 5 in 1868, his majesty decided to tackle the massive counterfeiting of base-metal coins in his era. His majesty decided to produce a new large solot (1/128 baht) coin so that the old smaller solot coin were rendered unusable and unprofitable to counterfeit. The large solot coins were only produced for a small period of time, but the coin fulfilled its duties and eliminated a huge portion of counterfeited productions.
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="11" |<big>Table for Issue 2 - 1860 - Tributary Series</big>
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:15%" |Image
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Denomination
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Weight
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Dimensions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Mintages
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Compositions
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:30%" |Inscriptions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:8%" |Date of Issue
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:10%" |Designer / Sculptor
|-
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" | Reverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|Solot<br />โสฬส
0 / 0 / ½
|3.62g
|23mm × 2mm
| rowspan="14" |Unknown
|Tin
----Copper
----Tin Oxide Alloy
|Great Mongkut Seal
|Siamese State Ensign
----สิบ หก อัน เป็น เฟื้อง
Sixteen makes a Fuang
----1/16 F. 方 片 六 十
|1862
----production halted November 15, 1868 The new shield emblem was introduced in this issue. This shield was separated into three section. Drawing from western influences, symbols within these sections represented territories Siam was controlling. The tree-headed elephant represented Siamese territory, the bottom-left elephant represented Lan Xang, and the warangka represented Siamese Malaya.
Due to a malfunction in the minting machinery at the government mint, which prevented the production of circulating coinage, King Chulalongkorn ordered the design of this coin series and commissioned its production by a mint in Birmingham. This marked the first time that coins were minted abroad for circulation in Siam. The copper coins in this issue were made in the same size as the coins of the United Kingdom, with the Solot being the same size as the Farthing, the Att being the same size as the Half-Penny, and the Siao being the same size as the Penny. The silver coins differ in size to the British counterpart due to the baht being pegged to a different unit of silver. The copper coin in this case were base metal and were not pegged to any standard metal, hence their size tend to differ more throughout history. These copper coins only represent a certain amount of silver.
These silver coins were minted when the Sathit Kuang machinery was put into use in 1889 at the Sathit Kuang Coin Mint, marking the beginning of a new coinage system. The year markings started to appear on the coins from R.S. 120 (1898) onwards.
On the use of the national emblem
The national coat of arms used during the reign of Chulalongkorn was designed in 1873 by Pravich Chumsai. The emblem consisted of several symbolic elements representing the monarchy, the Chakri dynasty, and the territories of Siam.
Symbolism of the Coat of Arms
- The Great Crown of Victory, together with rays and royal umbrellas, represented the monarchy and royal authority.
- The Chakra and Trident symbolized the Chakri Dynasty.
- The central shield was divided into three sections:
- The three-headed elephant Airavata represented Northern, Central, and Southern Siam united as the Kingdom of Siam.
- The white elephant standing on a pedestal represented Laos, then a tributary state of Siam.
- The crossed curved and straight daggers represented the Malay tributary states.
- Supporting figures on each side included:
- A lion, symbolizing the supremacy of the Ministry of Interior in civil affairs.
- An elephant-lion, symbolizing the supremacy of the Ministry of Defense in military affairs.
- The Royal Order of the Nine Jewels represented Buddhism and indicated that recipients were required to be Buddhists according to the Royal Decorations Act. The Order of Chulalongkorn symbolized royal favor toward members of the royal family and individuals who had rendered distinguished service to the kingdom.
- The motto:
<blockquote>"Sap Phes Song Phutan Samaggi Wutthisadhika"</blockquote>was composed by Sa and translates as:<blockquote>"The unity of the people brings about prosperity."</blockquote>A simplified version of the coat of arms was used on Siamese coinage. This abbreviated national emblem removed the lion, elephant-lion, royal necklaces, motto, and decorative ornaments, leaving only:
- The three-part shield
- Airavata
- The white elephant
- Crossed daggers
- The Chakra and Trident
- The Great Crown of Victory
- Royal umbrellas
This simplified emblem appeared especially on one-baht and two-baht coins. After Siam lost territories to European colonial powers, the emblem was gradually abandoned. These territorial losses included:Luang Prabang, Vientiane, and Champasak which were ceded to France in 1903, along with Burapha territories in 1906, and the four Malay states ceded to United Kingdom in 1909. Following these losses, the national coat of arms was replaced on coins by the Airavata emblem.
Near the end of the reign of King Rama V, coins were designed featuring the King's portrait together with the Airavata emblem, but they were not released into circulation before his death. The national emblem later reappeared on Thai coinage during the reign of Bhumibol Adulyadej. Coins bearing the emblem were issued in:
- 1950 (B.E. 2493)
- 1957 (B.E. 2500)
and on the commemorative coin celebrating the King's return to Bangkok in 1961 (B.E. 2504). In 1962 (B.E. 2505), one-baht nickel circulation coins again used the national coat of arms, although the crown in this version no longer displayed the halo rays found in the earlier design. In this issue, depending on where the coin was minted, the minting alignment was different. This means that in this specific series, the alignment will show at which mint the coin was minted. For example, in this series there were four mints which contributed to the minting: Royal Mint of Belgium, Bangkok Mint, Heaton and Sons (Burmingham Mint), and Hamburgische Münze. For the 1 Solot coin, the coin minted in the year R.S. 109 was medal aligned and was minted in the Birmingham Mint, but R.S. 118 coins were minted in Hamburg had coin alignement. Medal alignment is where the portrait of the king is facing up, with the back's design also facing up. Coin alignment is where the sides of the coins' designs are flipped.
<gallery widths="1050" heights="450" mode="nolines">
File:Minting alignment thai coin example.jpg
File:Size inspiration of thai coins and british coins.png
File:Size inspiration of thai coins and british silver coins.png
File:Size inspiration of thai coins and british gold coins.png
</gallery>
Excerpt on the sizes of these lower denominations
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="11" |<big>Table for Issue 5 - 1888 - Siam Devadhiraj Series</big>
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:15%" |Image
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Denomination
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Weight
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Dimensions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Mintages
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Compositions
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:30%" |Inscriptions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:8%" |Date of Issue
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:10%" |Designer / Sculptor
|-
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" | Reverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|Solot<br />โสฬส
0 / 0 / ½
|2.50 g
|19mm × 2mm
|10.24 million In which, during the period of 1902–1908, Siam went back to the old system. Though in comparison, at is used as the subunit in Laos, compared to the satang in the Thai baht. The second attempt came at the end of Rama V's reign, where it was more widely accepted and put into effective use.
In 1897, the first coins denominated in satang were introduced, cupronickel , 5, 10, and 20 satang. However, 1 solot, 1, and 2 at coins were struck until 1905 and 1 fueang coins were struck until 1910. In 1908, holed 1, 5, and 10 satang coins were introduced, with the 1 satang in bronze and the 5 and 10 satang in nickel. The 1 and 2 salueng were replaced by 25 and 50 satang coins in 1915. In 1937, holed, bronze satang were issued.
In 1941, a series of silver coins was introduced in denominations of 5, 10, and 20 satang, due to a shortage of nickel caused by World War II. The next year, tin coins were introduced for 1, 5, and 10 satang, followed by 20 satang in 1945 and 25 and 50 satang in 1946. In 1950, aluminium bronze 5, 10, 25, and 50 satang were introduced whilst, in 1957, bronze 5 and 10 satang were issued, along with 1-baht coins struck in an unusual alloy of copper, nickel, silver and zinc. Several Thai coins were issued for many years without changing the date. These include the tin 1942 1 satang and the 1950 5 and 10 satang, struck until 1973, the tin 1946 25 satang struck until 1964, the tin 50 satang struck until 1957, and the aluminium bronze 1957 5, 10, 25, and 50 satang struck until the 1970s. Cupronickel 1-baht coins were introduced in 1962 and struck without date change until 1982.
In 1972, cupronickel 5-baht coins were introduced, switching to cupronickel-clad copper in 1977. Between 1986 and 1988, a new coinage was introduced, consisting of aluminium 1, 5 and 10 satang, aluminium bronze 25 and 50 satang, cupronickel 1 baht, cupronickel-clad copper 5 baht and bimetallic 10 baht. Cupronickel-clad steel 2 baht were introduced in 2005.
Issue 6 – 1897 – Siam Anachak Series (transitional)
The old monetary system of Siam was based on a binary system that proved challenging for accounting purposes. This system initially consisted of three main units of currency: Chang, Baht, and Att. Under this system, there were 64 Att to 1 Baht and 80
thumb|Siam at the time of coin issue 6 (1897)
Baht to 1 Chang. Despite its widespread use, the system's complexity made it difficult to manage and calculate. Recognising the inefficiencies, the Minister of Treasury proposed to King Rama V that Siam's currency system should be decimalised. The proposal aimed to modernise the monetary system and align it with the decimal systems increasingly adopted by other countries at the time. King Rama V approved the transition to a decimal-based currency, which simplified accounting processes. The transition to a decimal currency system faced numerous challenges even before the new coins were issued. Notably, the word "Anachak" (อาณาจักร) was initially misspelled as "อานาจักร," causing controversy. King Rama V intervened, insisting that the most accurate phrasing should be "Siam Ratcha-Anachak" (สยามราชอาณาจักร; Kingdom of Siam). Despite the initial enthusiasm for the decimal system, the new coins struggled to gain popularity among the public. Many people were unfamiliar with the decimal system and preferred the traditional currency. Consequently, the new coins quickly faded from circulation, forcing the government to continue producing coins under the old system.
The production of coins from the old system persisted until RS 127 / BE 2451 / AD 1907. Ultimately, both pre-decimal coins and the early decimal coins were demonetised on May 17, RS 128 / BE 2452 / AD 1909. Citizens were given a grace period to exchange the demonetised coins for the new decimal currency, with the deadline set for May 16, RS 128 / BE 2452 / AD 1910. This gradual shift is shown in the fact that coins after the transition often switched between three calendar systems, the CS (Chulasakarat) system, the RS (Rattanakosin Sok) system, the BE (Buddhist Era / Phutthasakarat) system.
During the year 1897, it is presumed that Rama V had arranged this series to be made during his tour in Europe. The designs would vary between mints such as on the 1 satang coin, the font of the texts and the date would have slightly different positioning or texture.
On the Airavata emblem used in issue 7 to 9
The Airavata Seal depicts a three-headed elephant adorned with royal regalia facing forward. Airavata is the mount of Indra. Originally, the seal was used as the emblem of the ruler known as Phra Indra Raja. Later, it became one of the royal seals of Siam. Some versions depicted Indra riding the elephant, while others showed only the elephant itself. The seal was used for stamping royal letters, proclamations, and official state documents.
The emblem was also associated with the Chakri Dynasty. During the reign of Mongkut, new Airavata royal seals were created for official use. Three versions were produced: a large seal, a medium seal, and a small seal.
According to the Royal Seal Act of 122 BE, the large royal seal was used for major royal proclamations and was placed between the Maha Ongkan royal seal and the Garuda royal seal. The medium royal seal was used for royal decrees and official accompanying documents, including the Suphannabat, Hiranyabat, and certificates. The Nine-Jewel Royal Seal was positioned between the Great Royal Decree seal and the Garuda seal.
The Airavata emblem later appeared on Siamese silver coins of the one-baht, two-salung, and one-salung denominations during the late reign of Chulalongkorn and continued into the reign of Vajiravudh. The 1 Baht coins were replaced with banknotes starting in 1918 due to the high cost of silver. The 2 Salung and 1 Salung coins experienced changes in metal composition due to fluctuating silver prices during World War I, and these coins have slight design variations based on these changes.
During issue, there were also various debasements of the silver content of these coins. Initially, the composition was 80% silver and 20% copper. In 1918, during World War I, silver prices surged, leading to a change in the composition to 65% silver and 35% copper. In 1919, the silver percentage dropped further to 50% silver and 50% copper. After the war, in 1919, the composition returned to 65% silver and 35% copper. In 1917, the price of silver rose and exceeded the face value of silver coins. The coins were then melted down and sold. The government solved this by changing the pure silver coin to alloy. Vajiravudh eventually forbade exports of Siamese coins. In 1918, the usage of 1-baht coins was nullified and 1-baht banknotes were introduced. Coins were recalled and kept as a national reserve.
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="11" |<big>Table for Issue 8 - 1913 - Erawan Series</big>
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:15%" |Image
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Denomination
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Weight
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Dimensions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Mintages
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Compositions
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:30%" |Inscriptions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:8%" |Date of Issue
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:10%" |Designer / Sculptor
|-
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" | Reverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|25 satang
|3.75 g
|20mm × 1.3mm
|~ 18 million
|Silver 80.00% 1915
----Silver 65.0% 1916–1918
----Silver 50.0% 1919
----Silver 65.0% 1920–1921
|Rama VI's Portrait
----มหาวชิราวุธ สยามินทร์<br />Vajiravudh Lord of Siam
|Erawan (Airavata) Portrait
----สยามรัฐ ๒๔๖๘ <br />Siamese State BE 2468
----หนึ่ง สลึง
1 salueng
| rowspan="3" |1909
| rowspan="3" |Monnaie de Paris
----Henri-Auguste Patey
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|50 satang
|7.5 g
|25.3mm × 1.3mm
|~ 15 million
|Silver 80.00% 1915
----Silver 65.0% 1916–1918
----Silver 50.0% 1919
----Silver 65.0% 1920–1921
|Rama VI's Portrait
----มหาวชิราวุธ สยามินทร์<br />Vajiravudh Lord of Siam
|Erawan (Airavata) Portrait
----สยามรัฐ ๒๔๖๘ <br />Siamese State BE 2468
----สอง สลึง
2 salueng
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|1 baht
|16 g
|30mm × 3mm
|~ 37 million
|Silver 90.00%
|Rama VI's Portrait
----มหาวชิราวุธ สยามินทร์<br />Vajiravudh Lord of Siam
|Erawan (Airavata) Portrait
----สยามรัฐ ๒๔๖๐<br />Siamese State BE 2460
----หนึ่ง บาท
1 baht
|}
Issue 9 – 1929 – Regalia Elephant Series
Near the end of this issue of coins, the transition into decimal currency was completed. The Rama VII coin was produced in two denominations, 50 Satang and 25 Satang, and marked the transition from the old currency system of "สองสลึง" (two salung) and "หนึ่งสลึง" (one salung) to the new system using Satang as a unit of currency. Though, people today still refer to these denomination using the old terminology.
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="11" |<big>Table for Issue 9 - 1929 - Regalia Elephant Series</big>
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:15%" |Image
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Denomination
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Weight
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Dimensions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Mintages
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Compositions
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:30%" |Inscriptions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:8%" |Date of Issue
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:10%" |Designer / Sculptor
|-
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" | Reverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|25 satang
|3.75 g
|20mm × 1.3mm
|Unknown
|Silver 65.00%
|Rama VII's Portrait
----ประชาธิปก สยามินทร์<br />Prajadipok, Lord of Siam
|Elephant in Regalia
----สยามรัฐ ๒๔๗๒<br />Siamese State BE 2472
----๒๕ ส.ต.
25 satang
|March 11, 1930
| rowspan="2" |Bank of Siam
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|50 satang
|7.5 g
|25.3mm × 1.3mm
|17.01 million
|Silver 65.00%
|Rama VII's Portrait
----ประชาธิปก สยามินทร์<br />Prajadipok, Lord of Siam
|Elephant in Regalia
----สยามรัฐ ๒๔๗๒<br />Siamese State BE 2472
----๕๐ ส.ต.
50 satang
|March 11, 1930
|}
On the use of the Regalia Elephant seals
The White Elephant Seal standing on a pedestal appeared as the national emblem on Siamese silver coins of the 50 satang and 25 satang denominations during the reign of Prajadhipok in 1929 (B.E. 2472). This was the only time this emblem appeared on circulating coinage.
The emblem is believed to have originated from the Flag Act of Rattanakosin Era 118. One section of the law states"<blockquote>"...During the reign of His Majesty King Mongkut, it was considered that the plain red flag used by Siamese merchant ships was inappropriate because it resembled the flags of other nations and was difficult to distinguish. It was therefore deemed proper to use a flag bearing an emblem similar to those used by royal ships. However, the Chakra symbol was considered too sacred for common people to use. His Majesty therefore issued a royal command to remove the Chakra, leaving only the white elephant on a red background for use by both royal and civilian vessels..."</blockquote>This passage explains that during the reign of Mongkut, Siam adopted the white elephant emblem as a national symbol for maritime identification while reserving the sacred Chakra emblem for royal use only. The half-satang was introduced in 1937 to address the issue of low-value currency units in Thailand. The value of 1 Satang was considered too high for certain low-priced items, causing economic hardship for the poor. Previously, 1 Baht could be exchanged for 128 Solot, but after the switch to Satang, 1 Baht was only equivalent to 100 Satang. The introduction of this coin aimed to make it easier for ordinary people to purchase items without the burden of inflated prices. The coin was produced only once and was discontinued soon afterwards. It was minted in Japan and first issued on July 12, 1937.
In 1942, a group of denominations switched material due to the costs of World War II: the 1-satang coin lost its hole in the middle and was made smaller.
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="11" |<big>Table for Issue 10.1 - 1937, 1941 - Kranok-Lotus Series</big>
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:15%" |Image
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Denomination
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Weight
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Dimensions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Mintages
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Compositions
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:30%" |Inscriptions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:8%" |Date of Issue
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:10%" |Designer / Sculptor
|-
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" | Reverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|0.5 satang
|1.8 g
|19mm × 1.3mm
|12.09 million
|Bronze
|Chakra
----พ.ศ. ๒๔๘๐
(B.E. 2480)
|Unalom Symbol
----๑/๒ สตางค์
1 satang
----สยามรัฐ
Siamese State
|July 12, 1937
| rowspan="5" |Bank of Siam
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|1 satang
|3.5 g
|22.5mm × 1.3mm
|23.37 million
|Bronze
|Lotus Flower
----พ.ศ.๒๔๘๔
(BE 2484)
|Kranok pattern
----๑ สต.
1 satang
----รัฐบาลไทย
Thai Government
|January 8, 1941
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|5 satang
|1.5 g
|16.6mm × 1.3mm
|1.88 million
|Silver 65.00%
|Lotus Flower
----พ.ศ.๒๔๘๔
(BE 2484)
|Kranok pattern
----๕ สต.
5 satang
----รัฐบาลไทย
Thai Government
|January 8, 1941
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|10 satang
|2.5 g
|19mm × 1.3mm
|3.04 million
|Silver 65.00%
|Lotus Flower
----พ.ศ.๒๔๘๔
(BE 2484)
|Kranok pattern
----๑๐ สต.
10 satang
----รัฐบาลไทย
Thai Government
|January 8, 1941
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|20 satang
|3 g
|22mm × 1.3mm
|0.75 million
|Silver 65.00%
|Lotus Flower
----พ.ศ.๒๔๘๔
(BE 2484)
|Kranok pattern
----๒๐ สต.
20 satang
----รัฐบาลไทย
Thai Government
|June 20, 1942
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="11" |<big>Table for Issue 10.2 - 1942 - Kranok-Lotus Series</big>
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:15%" |Image
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Denomination
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Weight
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Dimensions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Mintages
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Compositions
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:30%" |Inscriptions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:8%" |Date of Issue
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:10%" |Designer / Sculptor
|-
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" | Reverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|1 satang
|1.5 g
|15mm × 2mm
|140 million
|Tin
|Lotus Flower
----พ.ศ.๒๔๘๔
(BE 2484)
|Kranok pattern
----๑ สต.
1 satang
----รัฐบาลไทย
Thai Government
|April 17, 1942
| rowspan="3" |Bank of Siam
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|5 satang
|3 g
|17.5mm × 2mm
|2.47 million
|Tin
|Lotus Flower
----พ.ศ.๒๔๘๔
(BE 2484)
|Kranok pattern
----๕ สต.
5 satang
----รัฐบาลไทย
Thai Government
|December 10, 1942
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|10 satang
|5 g
|20mm × 2mm
|1.80 million
|Tin
|Lotus Flower
----พ.ศ.๒๔๘๔
(BE 2484)
|Kranok pattern
----๑๐ สต.
10 satang
----รัฐบาลไทย
Thai Government
|January 12, 1945
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="11" |<big>Table for Issue 10.3 - 1945 - Kranok-Lotus Series</big>
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:15%" |Image
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Denomination
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Weight
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Dimensions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Mintages
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:5%" |Compositions
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:30%" |Inscriptions
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:8%" |Date of Issue
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0DC82" width:10%" |Designer / Sculptor
|-
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" | Reverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Obverse
! style="background-color:#F0DC82" |Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|1 satang
|1.5 g
|15mm × 2mm
|11.9 million
|Tin
|Lotus Flower
----พ.ศ.๒๔๘๔
(BE 2484)
|Kranok pattern
----๑ สต.
1 satang
----รัฐบาลไทย
Thai Government
|1944
| rowspan="4" |Bank of Siam
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|5 satang
|3 g
|17.5mm × 2mm
|3.1 million
|Tin
|Lotus Flower
----พ.ศ.๒๔๘๔
(BE 2484)
|Kranok pattern
----๕ สต.
5 satang
----รัฐบาลไทย
Thai Government
|1944
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|10 satang
|5 g
|20mm × 2mm
|6.59 million
|Tin
|Lotus Flower
----พ.ศ.๒๔๘๔
(BE 2484)
|Kranok pattern
----๑๐ สต.
10 satang
----รัฐบาลไทย
Thai Government
|1944
|-
|frameless|150x150px
|frameless|150x150px
|20 satang
|6 g
|22mm × 2mm
|4.65 million
|Tin
|Lotus Flower
----พ.ศ.๒๔๘๔
(BE 2484)
|Kranok pattern
----๒๐ สต.
20 satang
----รัฐบาลไทย
Thai Government
|January 12, 1945
|}thumb|253x253px|Siam at the time of coin issue 11 (1946)
Issue 11 – 1946 – Ananda Garuda Series
This was the first series minted in the reign of King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII), and it marked the return of national symbols, such as the Garuda emblem, which had been used as the national seal since the Ayutthaya period. This emblem, created during
the reign of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V), became the national seal to be used permanently, avoiding the need for a new one with each reign. There are two versions of this series minted in the same year, the young portrait and the teen portrait.
After World War 2, the government instructed the mint to start the production of coins depicting Rama VIII, since prior to this coins with no royal portrait were minted. These coins were made with pure tin. These coins were made with particularly low quality tin. During circulation, a lot of the coins from this series were damaged, lost, or rendered unusable. Even so, after the death of Rama VIII, the mint continue to produce this series of coins until the burial of Rama VIII, a tradition seen in the latest series of coins where new series were not introduced until after the coronation. Thus, this series of coins were used for 4 years after the passing of King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII).
- Older coins, some of which are still in circulation, had only Thai numerals, but newer designs also have Arabic numerals.
- The standard-issue 10-baht coin has, at the 12 o'clock position on the reverse, raised dots corresponding to Braille cell dot 1 and dots 2–4–5, which correspond to the number 10.
- 10-baht coins are very similar to 2-euro coins in size, shape and weight, and are likewise bi-metallic, although they are worth only about €0.25. Vending machines not equipped with up-to-date coin detectors might therefore accept them as €2 coins or old Italian 500 lira coins as well.
- Many commemorative 1-, 2-, 5- and 10-baht coins have been made for special events. There also are 20-, 50-, 100-baht base metal commemorative coins and higher-denomination precious metal coins as well.<!-- In this case, these coins have to be included in the table. -->
In February 2010 the Treasury Department of Thailand stated that it has been planning a new circulation 20-baht coin.
Monarch's profile
Rama IV
<gallery mode="packed" widths="200" heights="150">
File:1862 1 Baht O.png|1857 - Rama 4 1st Seal
File:1862 8 Baht O.png|1862 - Rama 4 2nd Seal
</gallery>
Rama V
<gallery mode="packed" widths="200" heights="150">
File:1869 1 Baht R.png|1869 - Rama 5 Seal
File:1876 1 Siao O.png|1875 - Rama 5 Monogram
File:1876 1 Baht O.png|1875 - Rama 5 1st Portrait
File:1888 1 Siao O.png|1888 - Rama 5 2nd Portrait
File:1897 20 Satang O.png|1897 - National Seal
File:1908 1 Baht O.png|1908 - Rama 5 3rd Portrait
</gallery>
Rama VI, VII, and VIII
<gallery mode="packed" widths="200" heights="150">
File:1908 1 Satang O.png|1910 - Chakra
File:1913 1 Baht O.png|1913 - Rama 6
File:1929 50 Satang O.png|1929 - Rama 7
File:1941 1 Satang O.png|1941 - Lotus
File:1946 50 Satang O.png|1946 - Rama 8 1st Portrait
File:1946 50 Satang O Posthumous.png|1946 - Rama 8 2nd Portrait
</gallery>
Rama XI and X
<gallery mode="packed" widths="200" heights="150">
File:1957 1 Baht O.png|1957 - Rama 9 1st Portrait
File:1962 1 Baht O.png|1962 - Rama 9 2nd Portrait
File:1972 5 Baht O.png|1972 - Rama 9 3rd Portrait
File:1977 5 baht obverse.png|1977 - Rama 9 4th Portrait
File:1982 5 baht obverse.png|1982 - Rama 9 5th Portrait
File:1996 2 baht obverse.png|1996 - Rama 9 Jubilee Port.
File:2005 2 baht obverse.png|2005 - Rama 9 6th Portrait
File:2008 5 baht obverse.png|2008 - Rama 9 7th Portrait
</gallery>
Rama X
<gallery mode="packed" widths="200" heights="150">
File:5 baht coin (Rama X, obverse).jpg|2018 - Rama 10
</gallery>
Themes use on the reverse of coins
<gallery mode="packed" widths="200" heights="150">
File:1862 1 Baht R.png|Dynastic Symbols
File:1876 1 Siao R.png|Flora Liveries
File:1876 1 Salung R.png|Royal Coat of Arms
File:1888 1 Siao R.png|Dieties
File:1908 1 Satang R.png|Buddhist Symbols
File:1908 1 Baht R.png|National Symbols
File:1929 50 Satang R.png|National Animal
File:1941 20 Satang R.png|Architectural Liveries
File:1957 1 Baht R.png|Coat of Arms
File:1982 5 baht reverse.png|National Emblem
File:1987 5 baht reverse.png|Cultural Sceneries
File:1988 10 baht reverse.png|Temples
File:10 baht coin (Rama X, reverse).jpg|Royal Monograms
</gallery>
Names used on coins
Thai kings traditionally had 3 names: ceremonial, regnal, and personal. In everyday life, personal name are used more often than regnal names. A good example of this is King Narai, whose regnal name is King Ramathobodi III. The personal names of king also have variations in itself. An example is Rama X's personal name: Vajiralongkorn, in which the variation one might see is Vajiraklao. So when the new coinage was being carried out, the question of "what name should the mint depict?" pops up. Initially it's a mix of the variations of the personal names, later after King Rama VIII, and the switch to constitutional monarchy along with the changing of the country name to Thailand, the coin now use both regnal (alternative name) and personal names.
{| class="wikitable text-align: center"
|+
!King
!Coin
!Name
!Title used on coins
!Translation
|-
| rowspan="2" |frameless|76px
|frameless|100x100px
| rowspan="2" |Rama IV
Mongkut
| colspan="2" |No name were used on this series of coin
|-
|frameless|100x100px
|鄭明通寶 (zhèng míng tōng bǎo)
dên mêng tong bo
|Dên mêng, (Chinese Name of Rama IV)
|-
| rowspan="4" |frameless|76px
|frameless|100x100px
| rowspan="4" |Rama V
Chulalongkorn
|กรุงสยาม รัชกาลที่ ๕
krung-siam ratchakan-thi-ha
|5th reign of the Kingdom of Siam
|-
|frameless|100x100px
|สมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาจุฬาลงกรณ์ พระจุลจอมเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว
somdet-phra-poraminthara-maha-chulalongkorn phra-chulachomklao-chao-yu-hua
|His Majesty King Maha-Chulalongkorn, Lord of life Chulachomklao
|-
|frameless|100x100px
|จุฬาลงกรณ์ ป.ร. พระจุลจอมเกล้าเจ้ากรุงสยาม
chulalongkorn por-ror phra-chulachomklao-chao-krung-siam
|Chulalongkorn Rex, Lord of life Chulachomklao of the Kingdom of Siam
|-
|frameless|100x100px
|จุฬาลงกรณ์ สยามินทร์
chulalongkorn siam-min
|Chulalongkorn, King of Siam
|-
|frameless|76px
|frameless|100x100px
|Rama VI
Vajiravudh
|มหาวชิราวุธ สยามินทร์
maha-vajiravudh siam-min
|Maha-Vajiravudh, King of Siam
|-
|frameless|76px
|frameless|100x100px
|Rama VII
Prajadhipok
|ประชาธิปก สยามินทร์
prachadhipok siam-min
|Prachadhipok, King of Siam
|-
|frameless|76px
|frameless|100x100px
|Rama VIII
Ananda Mahidol
|อานันทมหิดล รัชกาลที่ ๘
ananda-mahidol ratchakan-thi-paed
|Ananda Mahidol of the 8th reign
|-
| rowspan="5" |frameless|76px
|frameless|100x100px
| rowspan="5" |Rama IX
Bhumibol Adulyadej
|สยามินทร์ รัชกาลที่ ๙
sayam-min ratchakan-thi-kao
|9th reign and the King of Siam
|-
|frameless|100x100px
|ประเทศไทย รัชกาลที่ ๙
prathet-thai ratchakan-thi-kao
|9th reign of the Kingdom of Thailand
|-
|frameless|100x100px
|ภูมิพลอดุลยเดช รัชกาลที่ ๙
bhumibol-adulyadej ratchakan-thi-kao
|Bhumibol Adulyadej of the 9th reign
|-
|frameless|100x100px
jubilee issue
|พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาภูมิพลอดุลยเดชฯ สยามินทราธิราชบรมนาถบพิตร - รัชกาลที่ ๙
phrabat-somdet-phra-poraminthara-maha-phumiphon-adunyadet-etc. etc. siamminthara-thirat-borommanat-bophit ratchakan-thi-kao
|The Supreme Lord, Great Incomparable Lord Bhumibol Adulyadej etc. etc. The Supreme King of Siam, of the 9th reign
|-
|frameless|100x100px
|ภูมิพลอดุลยเดช รัชกาลที่ ๙
bhumibol-adulyadej ratchakan-thi-kao
|Bhumibol Adulyadej of the 9th reign
|-
|frameless|76px
|frameless|100x100px
|Rama X
Vajiralongkorn
|มหาวชิราลงกรณ รัชกาลที่ ๑๐
maha-vajiralongkorn ratchakan-thi-sip
|Maha-Vajiralongkorn of the 10th reign
|}
Full ceremonial names on coins
thumb|158x158px
While standard circulating coinage relies on condensed personal names, commemorative issues and high-value historical specimens frequently utilize the monarch's full ceremonial title (Phranam Tem). Rooted heavily in Sanskrit and Pali compounds, these names are designed to convey cosmic authority, lineage, and protective merit. The reign of King Chulalongkorn marked the peak of expansive, unbroken text wrapped completely around the coin's edge. Rather than breaking the name into left and right fragments, these inscriptions read as a continuous clockwise or counterclockwise statement.<blockquote>พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาจุฬาลงกรณ์ พระจุลจอมเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว (Phrabat Somdet Phra Paraminthra Maha Chulalongkorn Phra Chula Chom Klao Chao Yu Hua)</blockquote>This name explicitly details his status as supreme sovereign (Paraminthra Maha...) and references his formal reigning title (Phra Chulachomklao).
In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, full formal names were largely reserved for commemorative coins celebrating major milestones, such as 50th or 60th year of accession jubilee to the throne, or royal birthdays.
Title and Siammin on coins
thumb|155x155px
As numismatic designs required cleaner presentation on standard denominations in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the lengthy full title was condensed into a specific formula pairing the personal name with a supreme sovereign title. This configuration utilized the high register Sanskrit derivative สยามินทร์ (Siammin) or สยามินทราธิราช (Siamminthrathirat), translating to "Sovereign of Siam".<blockquote>มหาวชิราวุธ สยามินทร์ (Mahavajiravudh Siammin)</blockquote>Following the transition to a constitutional monarchy and the official renaming of the nation from Siam to Thailand in 1939, coinage design protocols shifted away from absolute imperial titles. The mid twentieth century saw the rise of a modernized typology that paired the personal name of the monarch directly with the national indicator ประเทศไทย (Prathet Thai).
Final use of Siammin
thumb|150x150px
A highly notable event in modern numismatic history occurred during the transition between these typographic styles in 1977 (B.E. 2520). The mint authorities released a new standard copper nickel Baht coin bear the Prathet Thai + Ratchakan format, featuring the portrait of King Bhumibol Adulyadej on the obverse and the royal barge Suphannahong on the reverse. During the series' production, the 5 baht coin displayed the archaic Siammin title (สยามินทร์) alongside the monarch's name. Prior to this the coin used title + ratchakan format, and the last use of the Siammin title before this was in the 1930s<blockquote>ประเทศไทย รัชกาลที่ ๙ (Prathet Thai Ratchakan thi 9) on the 1 baht
สยามินทร์ รัชกาลที่ ๙ (Siammin Ratchakan thi 9) on the 5 baht</blockquote>This is the last regular issue to use the title of Siammin, after this issue there was a 1996 jubilee issue which was then the final use.
Maha prefix on names
thumb|183x183px
All monarchs have the Maha- prefix in their titles, but not all monarchs use this prefix in everyday use. The most common variant used for Rama 9 do not have the Maha- prefix. The coin issued for Rama 6 and Rama 10 do have this prefix.
Modern convention of names (title + ratchakan)
The contemporary system governing Thai circulating coinage relies on a standard. This format shifts the geographic state indicator (ประเทศไทย) entirely to the reverse side of the coin. This layout leaves the obverse perimeter dedicated exclusively to identifying the individual monarch and balancing their personal name and their formal chronological placement within the Chakri Dynasty.<blockquote>มหาวชิราลงกรณ รัชกาลที่ ๑๐ (Mahavajiralongkorn Ratchakan thi 10)</blockquote>
Calendar systems of Thai coinage
Over the course of Siamese coinage history, various calendar systems were used. The first one to be applied onto the coins was the Burmese calendar system or Chula Sakarat (C.S.), which was subsequently supplanted by the Rattanakosin Sok system (R.S.) which started at the founding of the Rattanakosin Kingdom. The system in use right now is the Phuttha Sakarat system or the Buddhist calendar (B.E.).
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="4" |Calendar Reference Table
|-
!Burmese Calendar frameless|150x150px[-638 AD]
!Rattanakosin Calendarframeless|150x150px[-1781 AD]
!Buddhist Calendarframeless|150x150px[+543 AD]
!Gregorian Calendar
|-
| Chulasakarat is +638 years
| Rattanakosinsok is +1781 years
|Phutthasakarat is -543 years
|0 AD
|-
|1236 CS
|93 RS
|2417 BE
|1874 AD
|-
|1261 CS
|118 RS
|2442 BE
|1899 AD
|-
|1291 CS
|148 RS
|2472 BE
|1929 AD
|-
|.....
|.....
|.....
|.....
|-
|1385 CS
|242 RS
|2566 BE
|2023 AD
|-
|1386 CS
|243 RS
|2567 BE
|2024 AD
|-
|1387 CS
|244 RS
|2568 BE
|2025 AD
|}
Banknotes
In 1851, the government issued notes for , , , and 1 tical, followed by 3, 4, 6 and 10 tamlueng in 1853. After 1857, notes for 20 and 40 ticals were issued, also bearing their values in Straits dollars and Indian rupees. Undated notes were also issued before 1868 for 5, 7, 8, 12 and 15 tamlueng, and 1 chang. One at notes were issued in 1874.
In 1892, the treasury issued notes for 1, 5, 10, 40, 80, 100, 400 and 800 ticals, called "baht" in the Thai text.
On 10 September 1902, the government introduced notes which were printed by Thomas De La Rue & Company Limited (De La Rue) in England, during the reigns of Kings Rama V and Rama VI, denominated 5, 10, 20, 100 and 1000 ticals, still called baht in the Thai text — each denomination having many types, with 1 and 50 tical notes following in 1918. In 1925, notes were issued in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 100 and 1,000 baht with the denomination in both Arabic and Thai numerals without English text; English speakers continued to refer to these as "ticals".
On 27 July 2010, the Bank of Thailand announced that the 16th-series banknotes would enter circulation in December 2010. On 9 August 2012, the Bank of Thailand issued a new denomination banknote, 80 baht, to commemorate queen Sirikit's 80th birthday. It was the first Thai banknote that featured Crane's MOTION security thread.
In 2017, the Bank of Thailand announced a new family of banknotes in remembrance of the late King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX). The notes are the same size and dimensions as the "Series 16" banknotes, with the front designs as before, but the back designs featuring images of the king's life in infancy, adolescence and maturity. The new family of banknotes were issued on September 20.
In 2018, the Bank of Thailand announced a new family of banknotes featuring a portrait of the current King Vajiralongkorn (Rama X). The main colors and dimensions of the notes are the same as before, with the back designs featuring images of the Kings of Thailand from past to present. The 20, 50 and 100 baht banknotes were issued on Chakri Memorial Day, 6 April 2018. The final two denominations, 500 and 1,000 baht were issued on the anniversary of the birth of King Maha Vajiralongkorn, 28 July 2018.
Timeline
<timeline>
ImageSize = width:1600 height:auto barincrement:15
PlotArea = top:3 bottom:30 right:80 left:20
AlignBars = justify
DateFormat = yyyy
Period = from:1800 till:2026
Define $now = 2026
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
Colors =
id:canvas value:rgb(1,1,1)
id:rama1 value:rgb(0.529, 0.380, 0.153)
id:rama2 value:rgb(0.580, 0.000, 0.000)
id:rama3 value:rgb(0.024, 0.208, 0.137)
id:rama4 value:rgb(0.051, 0.235, 0.380)
id:rama5 value:rgb(0.137, 0.169, 0.545)
id:rama6 value:rgb(0.647, 0.106, 0.282)
id:rama7 value:rgb(0.310, 0.137, 0.545)
id:rama8 value:rgb(0.024, 0.329, 0.396)
id:rama9 value:rgb(0.188, 0.408, 0.267)
id:rama10 value:rgb(0.749, 0.188, 0.000)
id:grey value:rgb(0.322, 0.294, 0.302)
id:grey1 value:gray(0.8)
id:grey2 value:gray(0.9)
id:rama1l value:rgb(0.623, 0.504, 0.322)
id:rama2l value:rgb(0.664, 0.200, 0.200)
id:rama3l value:rgb(0.219, 0.366, 0.310)
id:rama4l value:rgb(0.241, 0.388, 0.504)
id:rama5l value:rgb(0.310, 0.335, 0.636)
id:rama6l value:rgb(0.718, 0.285, 0.426)
id:rama7l value:rgb(0.448, 0.310, 0.636)
id:rama8l value:rgb(0.219, 0.463, 0.517)
id:rama9l value:rgb(0.350, 0.526, 0.414)
id:rama10l value:rgb(0.799, 0.350, 0.200)
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:grey1 unit:year increment:25 start:1800
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:grey2 unit:year increment:5 start:1800
Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas
BarData =
bar:rulers
bar:space1
bar:1
bar:2
bar:3
bar:4
bar:5
bar:6
bar:7
bar:8
bar:9
bar:10
bar:11
bar:12
bar:13
bar:14
bar:15
bar:16
bar:17
bar:18
bar:19
bar:20
bar:21
bar:22
bar:23
bar:24
bar:25
bar:26
bar:27
PlotData=
width:20 align:center fontsize:10 shift:(,-6) textcolor:black
bar:rulers
from:1800 till:1809 color:rama1l text:"Rama I"
from:1809 till:1824 color:rama2l text:"Rama II"
from:1824 till:1851 color:rama3l text:"Rama III"
from:1851 till:1868 color:rama4l text:"Rama IV"
from:1868 till:1910 color:rama5l text:"Rama V"
from:1910 till:1925 color:rama6l text:"Rama VI"
from:1925 till:1935 color:rama7l text:"Rama VII"
from:1935 till:1946 color:rama8l text:"Rama VIII"
from:1946 till:2016 color:rama9l text:"Rama IX"
from:2016 till:$now color:rama10l text:"Rama X"
width:10 align:center fontsize:10 shift:(6,-4) textcolor:black anchor:till align:left
bar:1 from:1853 till:1902 color:rama4 text:"Mai Banknote Series"
bar:2 from:1856 till:1902 color:rama4 text:"Bai Phraratchathan Ngoentra Banknote Series"
bar:3 from:1884 till:1902 color:rama5 text:"Chartered Bank of India, Australia, and China Banknote Series"
bar:4 from:1886 till:1902 color:rama5 text:"Banque de L'Indo-Chine Banknote Series"
bar:5 from:1889 till:1902 color:rama5 text:"Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Banknote Series"
bar:6 from:1892 till:1902 color:rama5 text:"Royal Treasury Banknote Series"
bar:7 from:1902 till:1925 color:rama5 text:"Banknote Series 1"
bar:8 from:1925 till:1934 color:rama6 text:"Banknote Series 2"
bar:9 from:1934 till:1937 color:rama7 text:"Banknote Series 3-1"
bar:10 from:1935 till:1937 color:rama8 text:"Banknote Series 3–2"
bar:11 from:1937 till:1942 color:rama8 text:"Banknote Series 4-1"
bar:12 from:1942 till:1942 color:rama8 text:"Banknote Series 4–2"
bar:13 from:1942 till:1945 color:rama8 text:"Banknote Series 5"
bar:14 from:1945 till:1945 color:rama8 text:"Banknote Series 6"
bar:15 from:1945 till:1945 color:rama8 text:"Banknote Series 7"
bar:16 from:1945 till:1948 color:rama8 text:"Banknote Series 8"
bar:17 from:1948 till:1968 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 9-1"
bar:18 from:1955 till:1968 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 9–2"
width:10 align:center fontsize:10 shift:(-6,-4) textcolor:black anchor:from align:right
bar:19 from:1968 till:1969 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 10"
bar:20 from:1969 till:1978 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 11"
bar:21 from:1978 till:2003 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 12"
bar:22 from:1985 till:2003 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 13"
bar:23 from:1994 till:2024 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 14"
bar:24 from:2003 till:2024 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 15"
bar:25 from:2013 till:2024 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 16-1"
bar:26 from:2017 till:2024 color:rama9 text:"Banknote Series 16–2"
bar:27 from:2018 till:2024 color:rama10 text:"Banknote Series 17"</timeline>
Predecimal banknotes
The characteristic of the banknotes of this era was that there were no series issued at the same time, rather they were issued sporadically and had multiple banks producing their own banknotes.
1851–1868, Rama IV era banknotes
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
|+
!Image
!Value
!Written text
!Value in baht
!Issuing body
!Date of issue
|-
|frameless
|1 fueang
|เฟื้องหนึ่ง<br />方壹<br />Octava pars ticalis<br />One eights of Tical
|1/8
| rowspan="21" |Royal Printing Works,
Royal Palace of Siam
| rowspan="8" |1853
|-
|frameless
|1 salueng
|สลึงหนึ่ง<br />銭壹<br />Quartia pars ticalis<br />One quarter of Tical
|1/4
|-
| center|frameless<!-- Do NOT change the spelling of the image file! -->
|1 salueng 1 fueang
|สลึงเฟื้อง<br />方銭壹<br />Tres octava partes ticalis<br />Three eights of Tical
|3/8
|-
|frameless
|2 salueng
|สองสลึง<br />銭貳<br />Media pars ticalis<br />One half of Tical
|1/2
|-
|frameless
|2 salueng 1 fueang
|สองสลึงเฟื้อง<br />方銭貳<br />Quinque octava partes ticalis<br />Five eights of Tical
|5/8
|-
|frameless
|3 salueng
|สามสลึง<br />銭參<br />Tres partes ticalis<br />Three quarter of Tical
|3/4
|-
|frameless
|3 salueng 1 fueang
|สามสลึงเฟื้อง<br />方銭參<br />Septem octava partes ticalis<br />Seven eights of Tical
|7/8
|-
|frameless
|1 baht
|บาทหนึ่ง<br />圓壹<br />Unus ticalis<br />One Tical
|1
|-
|frameless
|2 tamlueng
|พระราชทานเงินตรา สองตำงลึง
|8
|1856
|-
|frameless
|3 tamlueng
|พระราชทานเงินตรา สามตำงลึง
|12
| rowspan="3" |1853;
1856
|-
|frameless
|4 tamlueng
|พระราชทานเงินตรา สี่ตำงลึง
|16
|-
|frameless
|5 tamlueng
|พระราชทานเงินตรา ห้าตำงลึง
|20
|-
|frameless
|6 tamlueng
|พระราชทานเงินตรา หกตำงลึง
|24
| rowspan="3" |1856
|-
|frameless
|7 tamlueng
|พระราชทานเงินตรา เจ็ดตำงลึง
|28
|-
|frameless
|8 tamlueng
|พระราชทานเงินตรา แปดตำงลึง
|32
|-
|frameless
|10 tamlueng
|พระราชทานเงินตรา สิบตำงลึง
|40
|1853;
1856
|-
|frameless
|12 tamlueng
|พระราชทานเงินตรา สิบสองตำงลึง
|48
| rowspan="2" |1856
|-
|frameless
|15 tamlueng
|พระราชทานเงินตรา สิบห้าตำงลึง
|60
|-
|frameless
|1 chang
|พระราชทานเงินตรา ชั่งหนึ่ง
|80
|1853;
1856
|-
|frameless
|1 chang 5 tamlueng
|พระราชทานเงินตรา ชั่งห้าตำงลึง
|100
| rowspan="2" |1856
|-
|frameless
|1 chang 10 tamlueng
|พระราชทานเงินตรา ชั่งสิบตำงลึง
|140
|}
1868–1902, Rama V era banknotes
Royal Treasury banknotes
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
!Image
!Value
!Date of issue
|-
|frameless
|1 at
|1874
|-
|frameless
|1 tical
| rowspan="8"|1892
|-
|frameless
|5 tical
|-
|frameless
|10 tical
|-
|frameless
|40 tical
|-
|frameless
|80 tical
|-
|frameless
|100 tical
|-
|frameless
|400 tical
|-
|frameless
|800 tical
|}
Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC) banknotes
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
!Image
!Value
!Date of issue
|-
|frameless
|1 tical
| rowspan="7"|1889
|-
|frameless
|5 tical
|-
|frameless|100x100px<!-- Do not use image placeholders here per WP:IPH -->
|10 tical
|-
|frameless|100x100px<!-- Do not use image placeholders here per WP:IPH -->
|40 tical
|-
|frameless|100x100px<!-- Do not use image placeholders here per WP:IPH -->
|80 tical
|-
|frameless|100x100px<!-- Do not use image placeholders here per WP:IPH -->
|100 tical
|-
|frameless
|400 tical
|}
Chartered Bank of India, Australia, and China banknotes
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
!Image
!Value
!Date of issue
|-
|frameless
|5 tical
| rowspan="6"|1884
|-
|frameless
|10 tical
|-
|frameless|100x100px<!-- Do not use image placeholders here per WP:IPH -->
|40 tical
|-
|frameless
|80 tical
|-
|frameless|100x100px<!-- Do not use image placeholders here per WP:IPH -->
|100 tical
|-
|frameless|100x100px<!-- Do not use image placeholders here per WP:IPH -->
|400 tical
|}
Banque de L'Indo-Chine banknotes
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
!Image
!Value
!Date of issue
|-
|frameless
|5 tical
| rowspan="4"|1986
|-
|frameless
|20 tical
|-
|frameless
|80 tical
|-
|frameless
|100 tical
|}
Decimal banknotes
Portraits of Monarchs
<gallery widths="150" heights="150" class="center" style="center">
File:S3.1 Thailand king banknote portrait.png|1934
File:S3.2 Thailand king banknote portrait.png|1935
File:S8 Thailand king banknote portrait.png|1942 - 1948
File:S9.1 Thailand king banknote portrait.png|1948 - 1955
File:S9.2 Thailand king banknote portrait.png|1955 - 1968
File:S10 Thailand king banknote portrait.png|1968
File:S11 Thailand king banknote portrait.png|1968 - 1978
</gallery>
Summary of Decimal Banknotes
{| class="wikitable text-align: center"
|+
!
!50 Satang
!1 Baht
!5 Baht
!10 Baht
!20 Baht
!50 Baht
!100 Baht
!500 Baht
!1000 Baht
|-
!Series 1
1902–1928
(24 years)
!
|frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
!
|frameless|120x120px
|-
!Series 2
1925–1934
(9 years)
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|-
!Series 3
1934–1935
(1 year)
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
!
!
!
|-
!Series 3–2
1935–1937
(3 years)
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
!
!
!
|-
!Series 4
1937–1942
(5 years)
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|-
!Series 5
1942–1945
(5 years)
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|-
!Series 6
1945
(<1 year)
!
!
!
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
!
|-
!Series 7
1945
(<1 year)
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
!
!
|-
!Series 8
1945–1948
(3 years)
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
!
|-
!Series 9
1948–1971
(23 years)
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
!
|-
!Series 10
1969
(<1 year)
!
!
!
!
!
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
!
|-
!Series 11
1969–1988
(19 years)
!
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
|frameless|120x120px
frameless|120x120px
!
|-
!Series 12 & 13
1978–2003
(25 years)
!
!
!
|center|frameless|100x100pxcenter|frameless|100x100px
|center|frameless|104x104pxcenter|frameless|104x104px
|center|frameless|104x104pxcenter|frameless|104x104px
|center|frameless|115x115pxcenter|frameless|115x115px
|center|frameless|115x115pxcenter|frameless|115x115px
!
|-
!Series 14
1992–2005
(13 years)
!
!
!
!
!
|center|frameless|100x100pxcenter|frameless|100x100px
|center|frameless|104x104pxcenter|frameless|104x104px
|center|frameless|104x104pxcenter|frameless|104x104px
|center|frameless|115x115pxcenter|frameless|115x115px
|-
!Series 15
2001–2015
(14 years)
!
!
!
!
|center|frameless|104x104pxcenter|frameless|104x104px
|center|frameless|104x104pxcenter|frameless|104x104px
|center|frameless|104x104pxcenter|frameless|104x104px
|center|frameless|104x104pxcenter|frameless|104x104px
|center|frameless|104x104pxcenter|frameless|104x104px
|-
!Series 16
2013–2018
(5 years)
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
!Series 17 (current series)
2018–present
'
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
| colspan="10" |
- Series 12 –15: under fair use (published less than 50 years ago)
- Series 15 –17: omitted due to copyright issues (published less than 50 years ago)
|}
1902–1925 (Series 1), Rama V and Rama VI era
Series 1 - Uniface Series
Series 1 was chosen due to the series which precedes this were non-decimal. Series 1 banknotes was the first series to be produced by De La Rue. In 1900, Charles James Rivett Carnac, a Royal Treasury Ministry advisor proposed that the Siamese baht followed the issuances of banknotes followed the British standard. The banknote department was established quickly thereafter. The main characteristic of this series was that the notes were one-sided and multilingual, containing Chinese, Malay (in Jawi script), and Latin scripts. It was also the last series to use the term "tical" to refer to the Thai baht and the largest in term of size of the circulated notes.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Series 1 banknotes (Rama V, VI) issued for 26 years
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150px
1 tical
|165 × 105 mm||Cyan
|Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
One Tical - หนึ่งบาท
暹羅國銀壹銖 - واڠ سيايم ساتو کوڤڠ
| rowspan="7" |blank - no prints nor inscriptions||1918–1925
|-
|frameless|150x150px
5 ticals
|165 × 105 mm||Grey
|Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Five Tical - ห้าบาท
暹羅國銀伍銖 - واڠ سيايم لايم کوڤڠ
| rowspan="3" |1902–1925
|-
|frameless|150x150px
10 ticals
| rowspan="2" |205 × 126 mm||Brown
|Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Ten Tical - สิบบาท
暹羅國銀拾銖 - واڠ سيايم سپولو کوڤڠ
|-
|frameless|150x150px
20 ticals
|Green
|Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Twenty Tical - ยี่สิบบาท
暹羅國銀貳拾銖 - واڠ سيايم دوا ڤولو کوڤڠ
|-
|frameless|150x150px
50 ticals
|165 × 105 mm|| rowspan="2" |Grey
|Emblem of Siam
+
Redacted inscriptions - overprinted to denominate 50 ticals
|1918–1925
|-
|frameless|150x150px
100 ticals
| rowspan="2" |205 × 126 mm
|Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Hundred Tical - ร้อยบาท
暹羅國銀壹佰銖 - واڠ سيايم سراتوس کوڤڠ
|1903–1928
|-
|frameless|150x150px
1000 ticals
|Red
|Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Thousand Tical - พันบาท
暹羅國銀壹仟銖 - واڠ سيايم سريبـو کوڤڠ
|1902–1928
|}
1925–1935 (Series 2 to Series 3 Type 1), Rama VII era
Series 2 - Ploughing Ceremony Series
Series 2 banknotes were produced by De La Rue.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Series 2 banknotes (Rama VII) issued for 9 years
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
1 baht
|135 × 75 mm||Blue and yellow
|Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
One Tical - หนึ่งบาท
| rowspan="6" |Royal Ploughing Ceremony|| rowspan="4" |1925–1934
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
5 baht
|155 × 85 mm||Green and grey
|Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Five Tical - ห้าบาท
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
10 baht
| rowspan="3" |175 × 95 mm||Red
|Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Ten Tical - สิบบาท
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
20 baht
|Green
|Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Twenty Tical - ยี่สิบบาท
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
100 baht
|Blue and green
|Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Hundred Tical - ร้อยบาท
| rowspan="2" |1928–1934
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
1000 baht
|195 × 105 mm||Red
|Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Thousand Tical - พันบาท
|}
Series 3 Type 1
Series 3 type 1 banknotes were produced by De La Rue. This series was actually delayed due to the Siamese revolution to abolish the absolute monarchy and transform it into a constitutional monarchy. The issuance was supposed to happen in the early 1930s.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Series 3 Type 1 banknotes (Rama VII) issued for 1 years
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
1 baht
|135 × 75 mm||Green
|King Prajadhipok and Suphannahongse Royal Barge
+
Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
One Tical - หนึ่งบาท
| rowspan="4" |Phra Samut Chedi Temple|| rowspan="4" |1934–1935
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
5 baht
|155 × 85 mm||Green and grey
|King Prajadhipok and Temple of the Emerald Buddha
+
Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Five Tical - ห้าบาท
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
10 baht
| rowspan="2" |175 × 95 mm||Brown
|King Prajadhipok and a scene of the Mae Ping River
+
Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Ten Tical - สิบบาท
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
20 baht
|Green
|King Prajadhipok and a scene of a riverside community
+
Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Twenty Tical - ยี่สิบบาท
|}
1935–1948 (Series 3 Type 2 to Series 8), Rama VIII era
Series 3 Type 2
Series 3 type 2 banknotes were produced by De La Rue. It was the first series to hold King Rama VIII's portrait, which replaced King Rama VII's portrait in the type 1.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Series 3 Type 2 banknotes (Rama VIII) issued for 2 years
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
1 baht
|135 × 75 mm||Green
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Suphannahongse Royal Barge
+
Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
One Tical - หนึ่งบาท
| rowspan="4" |Phra Samut Chedi Temple
+
โทษฐานปลอมหรือแปลงธนบัตรคือจำคุกตั้งแต่สิบปีถึงตลอดชีวิต
และปรับตั้งแต่พันบาทถึงหมื่นบาทหรือพันเท่าราคาธนบัตร
ปลอมแล้วแต่จำนวนไหนจะมากกว่ากัน
(Penalty for counterfeiting the banknote is ten years up to life imprisonment, and fined thousand up to ten thousands Baht or thousand times of that counterfeited notes depends on which is higher.)
| rowspan="4" |1935–1937
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
5 baht
|155 × 85 mm||Green and grey
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Temple of the Emerald Buddha
+
Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Five Tical - ห้าบาท
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
10 baht
| rowspan="2" |175 × 95 mm||Brown
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and a scene of the Mae Ping River
+
Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Ten Tical - สิบบาท
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
20 baht
|Green
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and a scene of a riverside community
+
Emblem of Siam
+
รัฐบาล สยาม (Siamese Government)
[date of printing]
Twenty Tical - ยี่สิบบาท
|}
Series 4 Type 1
Series 4 type 1 banknotes were produced by Thomas De La Rue & Company Limited.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Series 4 Type 1 banknotes (Rama VIII) issued for 5 years
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
1 baht
|125 × 65 mm||Green
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Phra Samut Chedi
| rowspan="5" |Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall|| rowspan="5" |1937–1942
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
5 baht
|135 × 76 mm||Green and grey
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Phra Pathom Chedi
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
10 baht
| rowspan="2" |145 × 87 mm||Brown
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Mahakarn Fortress
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
20 baht
|Green
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Golden Mountain Stupa
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
1000 baht
|195 × 100 mm||Red
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and a Dusidabhirom Pavilion
|}
Series 4 Type 2 - Survey Department Series
Series 4 type 2 banknotes were produced by Royal Thai Survey Department and the Naval Hydrographic Department. During World War II, Thailand was allied with the Empire of Japan. This meant that the government of Thailand could not order banknotes from the British De La Rue.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Series Type II banknotes (Rama VIII) issued for <1 years
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
1 baht
|125 × 65 mm||Green
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Phra Samut Chedi
| rowspan="4" |Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall|| rowspan="4" |1942
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
10 baht
| rowspan="2" |146 × 86 mm||Brown
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Mahakarn Fortress
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
20 baht
|Green
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Grand Palace
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
100 baht
|125 × 65 mm||Cyan
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and a Wat Arun
|}
Series 5
Series 5 banknotes were produced by Notes Printing Works of Japan.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Series 5 banknotes (Rama VIII) issued for 3 years
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
50 satang
|117 × 63 mm||Green
|Young King Ananda Mahidol
| rowspan="7" |Grand Palace|| rowspan="7" |1942–1945
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
1 baht
|125 × 65 mm||Grey
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Pumin Temple
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
5 baht
|135 × 75 mm|| rowspan="3" |Green
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Wat Benchamabophit Dusitwanaram
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
10 baht
|145 × 85 mm
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Wat Pho
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
20 baht
|155 × 90 mm
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Aisawan Tipaya-ast Pavilion
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
100 baht
| rowspan="2" |175 × 100 mm||Red
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Wat Arun
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
1000 baht
|Green
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Grand Palace
|}
Series 6
Series 6 banknotes were produced by Royal Thai Survey Department.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Series 6 banknotes (Rama VIII) issued for <1 years
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
20 baht
| rowspan="2" |147 × 87 mm|| rowspan="2" |Green
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Dusidapirom Pavilion
| rowspan="2" |Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall|| rowspan="2" |1945
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
100 baht
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Wat Arun
|}
Series 7
Series 7 banknotes relied on private printing under the supervision of the Bank of Thailand. According to the Bank of Thailand, the quality of this series was barely satisfactory.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Series 7 banknotes (Rama VIII) issued for <1 years
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
1 baht
|104 × 54 mm||Cyan
|King Ananda Mahidol and Phra Samut Chedi
| rowspan="4" |Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall|| rowspan="4" |1945
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
5 baht
| rowspan="2" |135 × 76 mm||Purple
|King Ananda Mahidol and Phra Patom Chedi
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
10 baht
|Green
|King Ananda Mahidol and Mahakarn Fortress
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
50 baht
|104 × 54 mm||Red
|King Ananda Mahidol and Wat Benchamabophit Dusitwanaram
|}
Special series
The special series were banknotes that were issued during World War II, each at different times.
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Special series banknotes (Rama VIII) issued for <1 years
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|50 satang (overprint)||145 × 85 mm||Grey
|Young King Ananda Mahidol and Wat Pho
|Grand Palace|| rowspan="2" |1946
|-
|50 satang (Kong Tek Note)||125 × 65 mm||Grey and yellow
|none
| rowspan="2" |Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall
|-
|1 baht (Kong Tek Note)||117 × 63 mm||Grey and red
|King Ananda Mahidol and a 16-pointed star symbol ||1942
|-
|1 baht (Invasion Note)||114 × 73 mm||Grey
| colspan="2" |none||1946
|-
|1000 baht||195 × 105 mm||Red
|King Ananda Mahidol and Phra Prang Sam Yod
|Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall||1943
|}
Series 8 - American Series
At the end of World War II, the English De La Rue's printing house suffered damage from German bombing, thus the Royal Thai Government turned to the United States government to produce the series 8. The Tudor Press Company produced this series.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Series 8 banknotes (Rama VIII) issued for 3 years
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
1 baht
| rowspan="3" |110 × 66 mm||Green
| rowspan="5" |King Ananda Mahidol and Phra Patom Chedi
| rowspan="5" |The Constitution of Siam|| rowspan="5" |1945–1948
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
5 baht
|Blue
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
10 baht
|Brown
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
20 baht
| rowspan="2" |156 × 90 mm||Violet
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
100 baht
|Brown and cyan
|}
1948–2003 (Series 9 to Series 13), early Rama IX era
These banknotes series are not yet demonetised and hence still legal tender, though they are never seen in circulation anymore.
These banknotes images are allowed under a strict copyright infringement exemption under the Chapter 1: Copyright, Part 6: Exceptions to Infringement of Copyright, Clause 7 of Copyright Act B.E. 2537 (1994) Amended by Copyright Act (NO. 2) B.E. 2558 (2015), and Copyright Act (NO.3) B.E. 2558 (2015) and Copyright Act (NO.4) B.E. 2561 (2018): reproduction, adaptation in part of a work or abridgement or making a summary by a teacher or an educational institution so as to distribute or sell to students in a class or in an educational institution, provided that the act is not for profit.
So as to serve as an educational material, any series beyond series 11 is omitted.
Series 9
thumb|Series 9 banknote portrait difference, young portrait (left) and new portrait (right)
Series 9 banknotes were produced by the English De La Rue. There are two variations within this series, the young, and new portrait. According to the Bank of Thailand, the colour schemes of this series established the denominations' colours for all of the following series due to the series circulating for 20 years.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Series 9 banknotes (Rama IX) issued for 23 years
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
50 satang
|115 × 63 mm|| rowspan="2" |Green
|The Constitution of Thailand
|Phra Samut Chedi||1948–1969
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
1 baht
|126 × 66 mm
|King Bhumibol Adulyadej in the uniform of the supreme commander of the Royal Thai Armed Forces, and Wat Pho
| rowspan="5" |Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall|| rowspan="2" |1948–1955; 1955–1969
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
5 baht
|136 × 77 mm||Green and Grey
|King Bhumibol Adulyadej in the uniform of the supreme commander of the Royal Thai Armed Forces, and Phra Pathomma Chedi
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
10 baht
| rowspan="2" |146 × 86 mm||Brown
|King Bhumibol Adulyadej in the uniform of the supreme commander of the Royal Thai Armed Forces, and Pharakarn Fortress||1948–1953; 1953–1969
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
20 baht
|Green
|King Bhumibol Adulyadej in the uniform of the supreme commander of the Royal Thai Armed Forces, and Grand Palace||1948–1955; 1955–1971
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
100 baht
|145 × 86 mm||Red
|King Bhumibol Adulyadej in the uniform of the supreme commander of the Royal Thai Armed Forces, and Wat Arun ||1948–1955; 1955–1968
|}
Series 10
Series 10 banknotes were produced the English De La Rue. Due to heavy counterfeiting, series 10 was issued in series 9's stead. The 100-baht note is the only denomination issued in this series.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Series 10 banknotes (Rama IX) issued for <1 years
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
100 baht
|145 × 86 mm||Red
|King Bhumibol Adulyadej in uniform
||Royal barge Suphannahong||1968–1969
|}
Series 11
In this series, the 500-baht note was introduced for the first time ever. This coincided with the Bank of Thailand fully converting to an in-house production. As a consequence, the 1-baht note's production was cancelled.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Series 11 banknotes (Rama IX) issued for 13 years
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
5 baht
|130 × 67.5 mm||Violet
| rowspan="5" |King Bhumibol Adulyadej in full regalia
|Arphonphimoke Prasat Pavilion|| rowspan="2" |1969–1978
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
10 baht
|135 × 70 mm||Brown
|Wat Benchamabophit
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
20 baht
|140 × 72 mm||Green
|Royal barge Anantanakkharat with the Grand Palace in the background||1971–1978
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
100 baht
|150 × 77 mm||Red
|Wat Phra Si Rattana Satsadaram at the Grand Palace||1969–1978
|-
|frameless|150x150pxframeless|150x150px
500 baht
|160 × 80 mm
|Purple
|Phra Prang Sam Yod in Lopburi
|1975–1988
|}
Series 12 - The Greats Series and 13 - Bicentenial Series
Series 12 and 13 aimed to glorify past Thai monarchs, the Bank of Thailand dubbed this as "The Great Series." The 5-baht note's production was cancelled. The 50-baht and 500-baht notes are part of series 13 and were issued to commemorate the bicentennial celebration of Bangkok in 1982, though their production had to be delayed for the new printing press to be installed.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Series 12 & 13 banknotes (Rama IX) issued for 25 years
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|center|frameless|100x100pxcenter|frameless|100x100px10 baht||132 × 69 mm||Brown
| rowspan="2" |King Bhumibol Adulyadej in uniform
|Equestrian statue of King Chulalongkorn at Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall|| rowspan="2" |1978–2003
|-
|center|frameless|104x104pxcenter|frameless|104x104px20 baht||139 × 72 mm||Green
|King Taksin's statue at Chantaburi, along with his generals: Phraya Phichai of the broken sword, Phra Chiang-ngeon, Luang Ratchasaneha, Luang Phromsena
|-
|center|frameless|104x104pxcenter|frameless|104x104px50 baht|| rowspan="2" |144 × 72 mm||Blue
| rowspan="2" |King Bhumibol Adulyadej in full regalia
| rowspan="2" |Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall, the coronation of King Prajadhipok (Rama VII)||1985–1996
|-
|center|frameless|104x104pxcenter|frameless|104x104px50 baht (polymer)||Blue and yellow||1996–1997
|-
|center|frameless|115x115pxcenter|frameless|115x115px100 baht||154 × 80 mm||Red
|King Bhumibol Adulyadej in uniform
|King Naresuan the Great atop his war elephant, monument at Donchedi, Suphanburi.||1978–1994
|-
|center|frameless|115x115pxcenter|frameless|115x115px500 baht||160 × 80 mm||Purple
|King Bhumibol Adulyadej in the uniform of the supreme commander of the Royal Thai Armed Forces
|Monument of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok; Memorial Bridge and the Temple of the Emerald Buddha||1988–1996
|}
2003–present (Series 14 to Series 17), late Rama IX and Rama X era
Some images of banknotes have been removed lest they infringe copyright, but may be viewed at the Thai-language article linked in the margin.
Series 14
The series 14 aims to focus on the activities and contributions of the Chakri kings. Officially, only three notes were issued, but the 50-baht notes were also produced alongside this series. The polymer 50-baht is considered to be a part of series 15, even though the production date began in 1994.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
! colspan="6" |Series 14 banknotes (Rama IX) issued for 13 years
|-
! rowspan="2" |Value
! rowspan="2" |Dimensions
! rowspan="2" |Main colour
! colspan="2" |Description
! rowspan="2" |Date of issue
|-
!Obverse
!Reverse
|-
|center|frameless|100x100pxcenter|frameless|100x100px50 baht<br />(polymer)||144 × 72 mm||Blue
| rowspan="4"|King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) in the uniform of the supreme commander of the Royal Thai Armed Forces
|King Mongkut (Rama IV); Phra Pathom Chedi; a telescope, and a celestial globe|| rowspan="2" |1994–2004
|-
|center|frameless|104x104pxcenter|frameless|104x104px100 baht||150 × 72 mm||Red
|King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) and King Vajiravudh (Rama VI); Chulalongkorn University; Modern Thai school with school children, and book with candle emitting light; Ancient Thai education with a Buddhist monk
|-
|center|frameless|104x104pxcenter|frameless|104x104px500 baht||156 × 72 mm||Purple
|King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) and King Phutthaloetla Naphalai (Rama II); Emerald Buddha Temple; Khon Theatre scene from the Ramayana story||1996–2001
|-
|center|frameless|115x115pxcenter|frameless|115x115px1,000 baht||166 × 80 mm||Silver
|King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) and Queen Sirikit; Royal Visit to the Baan Bakong reservoir in Narathiwat, smaller images of greeting the local children.||1992–2005
|}
Series 15
The series 15 aims to update and expand the previous series 14's design. The 1000-baht note was resized down. There are two variants of this series, with the second and later variant having updated security features.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
|-
! colspan="6" |Series 15 banknotes (Rama IX)||138 × 72 mm||Green
| rowspan="5"|King Bhumibol Adulyadej in the Royal House of Chakri gown
|King Ramkhamhaeng the Great on the Manangkhasila Asana Throne monument; invention of the Thai script; Ramkhamhaeng stele||1 April 2013
|-
|50 baht||144 × 72 mm||Blue
|King Naresuan the Great pouring water for declaration of independence monument; Statue of King Naresuan the Great on war elephant; Phra Chedi Chai Mongkol temple||18 January 2012
|-
|100 baht||150 × 72 mm||Red
|King Taksin the Great monument in Wongwian Yai circle; Phra Ratchawang Doem (King Taksin's palace); Wichai Prasit Fortress Thonburi||26 February 2015
|-
|500 baht||156 × 72 mm||Violet
|King Phutthayotfa Chulalok the Great (Rama I) monument; Wat Phra Chetuphon Vimolmangklararm Rajwaramahaviharn (Wat Pho); Phra Sumen Fort (Bangkok city wall)||12 May 2014
|-
|1,000 baht||162 × 72 mm||Brown
|King Chulalongkorn the Great (Rama V) monument; Ananta Samakhom throne hall, Dusit palace ground king's monument, end of slavery in Siam || 21 August 2015
|}
Series 17
On the occasion of there being now 10 kings within the current dynasty. The central bank of Thailand decided that this series would commemorate all the kings of the Chakri dynasty. The front depicting the King Rama X, while the back depict 2 kings. While initially, the series was printed on cotton-paper, on 24 March 2022, the central bank decided to upgrade the material to polymer. This would set a trend where more denominations are converted into polymer. On 21 November 2025, the 50-baht and 100-baht notes were converted into polymer.
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
|-
! colspan="6" |Series 17 banknotes (Rama X) issuing for
|-
! rowspan="2" | Value !! rowspan="2" | Dimensions !! rowspan="2" | Main colour !! colspan="2" | Description !! rowspan="2" | Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|20 baht||138 × 72 mm||Green
| rowspan="5"|King Vajiralongkorn (Rama X) in the uniform of the commander of the Royal Thai Air Force and wearing the Order of the Nine Gems
|King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) and King Phutthaloetla Naphalai (Rama II)|| rowspan="3" |6 April 2018
|-
|50 baht||144 × 72 mm||Blue
|King Nangklao (Rama III) and King Mongkut (Rama IV)
|-
|100 baht||150 × 72 mm||Red
|King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) and King Vajiravudh (Rama VI)
|-
|500 baht||156 × 72 mm||Purple
|King Prajadhipok (Rama VII) and King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII)|| rowspan="2" |28 July 2018
|-
|1,000 baht||162 × 72 mm||Brown
|King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) and King Vajiralongkorn (Rama X)
|}
Money and unit of mass
Ngoen (เงิน) is Thai for "silver" as well as the general term for money, reflecting the fact that the baht (or tical) is foremost a unit of weight for precious metals and gemstones. One baht = 15.244 grams. Since the standard purity of Thai gold is 96.5%, the actual gold content of one baht by weight is 15.244 × 0.965 = 14.71046 grams; equivalent to about 0.473 troy ounces. 15.244 grams is used for bullion; in the case of jewellery, one baht should be more than 15.16 grams.
Historical coinage material
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%; text-align: center"
|+
!Example coin
!Material
!Date in use
!Denomation minted
|-
|center|frameless|220x220px
|Gold
|1863–1905*
<nowiki>*</nowiki>the coins mintage date were only in 1863 & 1876, but they were demonitised by the decimalisation.
|Predecimal coinage
- 1/4 baht (1 fueang)
- 1/2 baht
- 1 baht
- 2 baht
- 4 baht (1 tamlueng)
- 2 tamlueng
|-
|center|frameless|220x220px
|Silver
|1860–1962
|Predecimal coinage
- 1/2 fueang
- 1/4 baht (1 fueang)
- 1/2 baht
- 1 baht
- 2 baht
Decimal coinage
- 5 satang
- 10 satang
- 20 satang
- 25 satang
- 50 satang
- 1 baht
|-
|center|frameless|220x220px
|Tin
|1860–1950
|Predecimal coinage
- 1/16 fueang
- 1/8 fueang
Decimal coinage
- 1 satang
- 5 satang
- 10 satang
- 25 satang
- 50 satang
|-
|center|frameless|220x220px
|Copper
|1865–1905
|Predecimal coinage
- 1/16 fueang
- 1/8 fueang
- 1/4 fueang
- 1/2 fueang
|-
|center|frameless|220x220px
|Brass
|1865–1977
|Predecimal coinage
- 1/4 fueang
- 1/2 fueang
Decimal coinage
- 25 satang
|-
|center|frameless|220x220px
|Bronze
|1887–1957
|Predecimal coinage
- 1/16 fueang
- 1/8 fueang
- 1/4 fueang
Decimal coinage
- 1/2 satang
- 1 satang
- 5 satang
- 10 satang
|-
|center|frameless|220x220px
|Nickel
|1908–1937
|Decimal coinage
- 5 satang
- 10 satang
|-
|center|frameless|220x220px
|Aluminium bronze
|1950–present
|Decimal coinage
- 5 satang
- 10 satang
- 25 satang
- 50 satang
|-
|center|frameless|220x220px
|Cupronickel
|1897–present
|Transitional coinage
- 2 1/2 satang
- 5 satang
- 10 satang
- 20 satang
Decimal coinage
- 1 baht
- 5 baht
- 10 baht (outer ring)
|-
|
|Nickel-plated steel
|2005–present
|Decimal coinage
- 1 baht
- 2 baht
|-
|center|frameless|180x180px*inner part
|Copper-aluminium-nickel
| rowspan="2" |2008–present
|Decimal coinage
- 5 baht
- 10 baht (inner plug)
|-
|*no wiki-image exist a Al-Br coin version is used
|Copper-plated steel
|Decimal coinage
- 25 satang
- 50 satang
|-
| colspan="4" |This table only includes milled coins. Photduang, knife-cash, etc., are not included.
|}
Exchange rates
thumbnail|Historical exchange rate of [[USD/THB from 1980 to 2015]]
thumbnail|Historical exchange rate of [[EUR/THB since 2005]]
The Bank of Thailand adopted a series of exchange controls on 19 December 2006, which resulted in a significant divergence between offshore and onshore exchange rates, with spreads of up to 10% between the two markets. Controls were broadly lifted on 3 March 2008, and there is now no significant difference between offshore and onshore exchange rates.
{| class="wikitable text-align: center"
|+ USD/THB average exchange rate
| 2000 || 2001 || 2002 || 2003 || 2004 || 2005 || 2006 || 2007 || 2008 || 2009
|-
| 40.24 || 40.26|| 37.92|| 32.34|| 32.99||34.34 ||31.73 ||30.48 ||31.07 ||30.71
|-
| 2010 || 2011 || 2012 || 2013 || 2014 || 2015 || 2016 || 2017 || 2018 || 2019
|-
|32.48 ||34.25 ||35.28 ||33.91 ||32.48 ||34.25 || 35.30 ||33.94||32.31||31.05
|-
| 2020 || 2021 || 2022 || 2023 || 2024 || 2025 || 2026 || 2027 || 2028 || 2029
|-
|31.30 ||31.98 ||35.06 ||34.80 ||35.29 ||32.88
|
|
|
|
|-
| colspan="10" |
- Source 1999–2013: usd.fx-exchange.com
- Source 2014–2020: Bank of Thailand [https://www.bot.or.th/english/_layouts/application/exchangerate/exchangerateago.aspx]
- Source 2021–2025: Bank of Thailand [https://www.bot.or.th/en/statistics/exchange-rate.html]
|}
Historical Exchange Rate in 1900s
Due to the fact that during these time periods, often the currencies were non-decimals, hence the non-decimal notations for these currencies.
{| class="wikitable text-align: center"
|+
!Notation
!Meaning
!Notation
!Meaning
|-
! colspan="2" |Decimal
! colspan="2" |Non Decimal
|-
|ℳ︁1.15
|1 Mark 15 Pfennig
|฿17/6/1
|17 Baht 6 Fuang 1 Att
|-
|¥0.55
|0 Yen 55 Sen
|£0/1/1½
|0 Pound 1 Shilling 1½ Penny
|-
|0.68ƒ
|0 Gulden 68 Cents
|Rs.1/6/2
|1 Rupee 6 Annas 2 Paisa
|}
<gallery mode="nolines" widths="300" heights="200" perrow="7">
File:Podduang and Flatcoins.jpg|Podduang to Flatcoins (฿1=฿1)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Pounds LSD to Baht.jpg|British pound £ (lsd) to THB (£1=฿17/6/1)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Baht to Pounds LSD.jpg|THB to British pound £ (lsd) (฿1=£0/1/1½)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 LMU to Baht.jpg|Latin Monetary Union unit to THB (1=฿0/5/5)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Baht to LMU.jpg|THB to Latin Monetary Union unit (฿1=1.42)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Mark to Baht.jpg|Deutsche Mark to THB (ℳ︁1=฿0/6/7½)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Baht to Mark.jpg|THB to Deutsche Mark (฿1=ℳ︁1.15)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Dutch Gulden to Baht.jpg|Dutch gulden to THB (1ƒ=฿1/3/7)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Baht to Dutch Gulden.jpg|THB to Dutch gulden (฿1=0.68ƒ)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 USD to Baht.jpg|USD to THB ($1=฿3/4/4½)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Baht to USD.jpg|THB to USD (฿1=$0.28)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Yen to Baht.jpg|JPY to THB (¥1=฿1/2/2½)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Baht to Yen.jpg|THB to JPY (฿1=¥0.55)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Rupee to Baht.jpg|INR (British Raj) to THB (Rs.1=฿0/5/5½)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Baht to Rupee.jpg|THB to INR (British Raj) (฿1=Rs.1/6/2)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Egyptian Pound to Baht.jpg|Egyptian Lira to THB (£E1/5=฿3/6/5)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 US Philippines Peso to Baht.jpg|Philippine peso to THB (P$1=฿1/6/2½)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Imperial Ruble to Baht.jpg|Imperial ruble to THB (₽1=฿1/6/5)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Baht to Imperial Ruble.jpg|THB to Imperial ruble (฿1=₽0.55)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Kyat to Baht.jpg|Konbaung Kyat to THB (1ကျပ်=฿0/5/5½)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Mexican Dollar to Baht.jpg|Mexican peso to THB (M$1=฿1/5/2½)
File:Physical Conversion in 1900 Canadian Dollar to Baht.jpg|Canadian dollar to THB (C$1=฿3/5/2½)
File:KRONAtoTHB1900.jpg|Scandinavian Monetary Unit to THB (SKr.1=฿0/5/5)
File:BALBOAtoTHB.jpg|Panamanian balboa to THB (B/.1=฿3/4/4½)
File:AUSTROHUNGARYCr.toBAHT1900.jpg|Austro-Hungarian corona to THB (K.1=฿0/5/7½)
File:THALERtoTHB1900.jpg|Austria Thaler to THB (MTT$1=฿1/3/6½)
File:OTTOMANKURUStoTHB1900.jpg|Ottoman Kurush to THB (Kş.6=฿0/3/½)
File:PERUSOLtoTHB1900.jpg|Peruvian sol to THB (S/.2=฿2/6/3½)
File:INDOCHINEPs.toBAHT1900.jpg|Indochinese Piastre to THB (Ps.1=฿3/4/1)
</gallery>
Purchasing power history
{| class="wikitable text-align: center"
|+A table showing the equivalent of 100 baht in purchasing power throughout history (rounded to the lowest denomination of coins)
!2024 (~1.9%/yr)
!2020 (~0.36%/yr)
!2015 (~2.64%/yr)
!2010 (~3.05%/yr)
!2005 (~1.65/yr)
|-
|100.00 baht
|92.40 baht
|90.75 baht
|78.75 baht
|66.75 baht
|-
!2000 (~4.65%/yr)
!1995 (~4.36%/yr)
!1990 (~2.45%/yr)
!1985 (~7.75/yr)
!1980 (~6.08%/yr)
|-
|61.25 baht
|47.00 baht
|36.75 baht
|32.25 baht
|19.75 baht
|-
!1975 (~7.85%/yr)
!1970 (~2.4%/yr)
!1965 (~1.93%/yr)
!1960 (~10.81%/yr)
!1955 (~9.57%/yr)
|-
|13.75 baht
|8.35 baht
|7.35 baht
|6.64 baht
|3.05 baht
|-
!1950 (~18.62%/yr)
!1945 (~5.45%/yr)
!1940 (~3.75%/yr)
!1935 (~4.62%/yr)
!1930 (~6.00%/yr)
|-
|1.59 baht
|11.0 satang
|8.0 satang
|6.5 satang
|5.0 satang
|-
! colspan="2" |1925 (~1.10%/yr)
! colspan="3" |1892
|-
| colspan="2" |3.5 satang
| colspan="3" |1 Att + 1 Solot
|}
See also
- Economy of Thailand
- Stock Exchange of Thailand
References
; Sources
- Cecil Carter eds. , The Kingdom of Siam 1904, reprint by the Siam Society 1988, , chapter X Currency and Banking
External links
- Compare exchange rates of the Thai Baht from many bank in Thailand (archived)
- The banknotes of Thailand (archived)