thumb|Territorial evolution of the departments in and around [[Alsace–Lorraine, showing the boundary of the 1871–1918 German Empire in yellow, separating the Territoire de Belfort (labelled 90) from the rest of Haut-Rhin (68)]]

The Territoire de Belfort (; "Territory of Belfort") is a department in the northeastern French region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. In 2023, the population was 140,255.

After retaining its unique status as a for just over half a century, Belfort was officially recognized as France's 90th department in 1922. France had recovered Alsace three years earlier, but the decision was made not to reintegrate Belfort into its former department. There was talk of giving it a new departmental name, with suggestions that included "Savoureuse" (after the main river of the new department) or "Mont-Terrible" (the name of a former Napoleonic department embracing parts of Switzerland). Still, there was no consensus for a name change, and the department continues to be known as the Territoire de Belfort.

Belfort lies on the ridge that divides When the regions of France were created, Belfort was not included in the region of Alsace, but the adjacent region of Franche-Comté, since January 2016, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

Geography

The department has an area of only 609&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> (235 sq. miles), making it the fifth smallest of Metropolitan France (after Paris and its suburbs, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, and Val-de-Marne). It is slightly smaller than Saint Lucia or Jakarta, Indonesia.

Principal towns

The most populous commune is Belfort, the prefecture, home to 33% of the department's population. As of 2023, there are 6 communes with more than 4,000 inhabitants:

{| class=wikitable

! Commune

! Population (2023)

|-

| Belfort

| style="text-align: center;" | 45,912

|-

| Delle

| style="text-align: center;" | 5,623

|-

| Valdoie

| style="text-align: center;" | 5,175

|-

| Beaucourt

| style="text-align: center;" | 4,996

|-

| Bavilliers

| style="text-align: center;" | 4,678

|-

| Offemont

| style="text-align: center;" | 4,051

|}

Economy

The median net income per household for the department in 2017 was €21,310. The averaged figure for the Territoire de Belfort masked relatively large disparities, such as that between Belfort itself at €17,920 and Bermont at €26,600.

Population and demographics

Four principal phases can be identified in the population trends during the two centuries between 1801 and 2000.

  • The period from 1800 to 1872 was marked by steady economic development and a relatively high birth rate. However, the cholera epidemic, which in 1851 arose from increasing urbanisation, along with a more general economic slow-down, reduced the rate of increase in the third quarter of the century. Between 1803 and 1872, the recorded population increased from 37,558 to 56,781.
  • After the loss to Germany of most of Alsace in 1871, the Belfort population was boosted by the arrival of large numbers of refugees from "Germanisation": the years between 1871 and 1914 saw the development of large factories, with the mechanical and textile sectors being prominent growth areas. The population increase and the economic development were at their most intense in the Belfort conglomeration itself. By 1911, the territoire's population figure stood at 101,392.
  • Between 1914 and 1945, the economic narrative was dominated by two world wars and the period of stagnation that came between them. The population declined, having dropped to 86,648 in 1946.
  • After 1945, the region became a focus for industrial growth, with population levels following a similar rise trend, reaching 131,999 by 1982. Nevertheless, as in many parts of France, from about 1980 it became clear that the economic crisis of the 1970s was having a lasting effect, slowing the pace of expansion.

Administration

Its departmental code is 90, and its prefecture (capital) is Belfort. There is a single arrondissement (Belfort), which is subdivided into 9 cantons and thence into 101 communes.!!Party

|-

|style="background-color: " |

| Territoire de Belfort's 1st constituency

| Ian Boucard

| The Republicans

|-

|style="background-color: " |

| Territoire de Belfort's 2nd constituency

| Guillaume Bigot

| National Rally

|}

Current Senate Representatives

{| class="wikitable"

|-

! colspan="2" |Constituency!!Member!!Party

|-

| style="background-color: " |

| Territoire de Belfort's Senate constituency

| Cédric Perrin

|The Republicans

|}

Tourism

<gallery>

File:LionBelfort.jpg|The Lion of Belfort commemorates the resistance of Belfort during the Franco-Prussian War.

File:Grande Rue 2.JPG|Streets in Belfort

File:2012-11-16 15-34-20-cascade-savoureuse.jpg|Cascade of the Savoureuse river

File:Vue aérienne eurockeennes.JPG|Eurockéennes music festival

</gallery>

See also

  • Communes of the Territoire de Belfort department
  • Cantons of the Territoire de Belfort department
  • Arrondissement of Belfort

References

  • Prefecture website
  • Departmental council website
  • Tourist Office website