George Edward Heath (30 March 1902 – 18 November 1969) was a British musician and big band leader.

Heath led what is widely considered Britain's greatest post-war big band, recording more than 100 albums, which sold over 20 million copies. The most successful band in Britain during the 1950s, it remained in existence as a ghost band long after Heath died, surviving in such a form until 2000.

Musical beginnings

After playing tenor horn at the age of six, encouraged by his father Bert, a trumpeter and the leader of the Wandsworth Town Brass Band, Heath later switched to trombone. Both often played together on numerous dance band recordings of the 1920s and 1930s.

Earning a living for his family in the post-war years he, and his brother Harold with three other musicians, formed a band that played to commuters outside London Bridge Station before winding their way along the streets in London to a location outside the Queen's Hall Gardens venue. It was here that Heath's professional career began as he was spotted on the street and asked to play with the Jack Hylton Band

1920s

His first real band gig was with an American band on tour in Europe – the Southern Syncopated Orchestra – which had an engagement in Vienna, Austria and needed a trombone player. The drummer for this band, Benny Payton, taught Heath all about jazz and swing. Heath had to pay his own way back from Austria when the band ran out of money. came to UK as musical director for the film London Town (1946) starring comedian Sid Field. This film was intended to be Britain's first attempt to emulate the American film musicals of studios such as MGM and Camarata commissioned Heath to provide his band as the nucleus for the film's orchestra.

In 1947, Heath persuaded impresario Val Parnell, uncle of the band's star drummer Jack Parnell, to allow him to hire the London Palladium for alternating Sundays for his Sunday Night Swing Sessions. The tour was a major negotiated agreement with the British Musicians' Union and the American Federation of Musicians, which broke a 20-year union deadlock. At this performance, the band's instrument truck was delayed by bad weather. The instruments finally arrived just minutes before the curtain rose. The band had no time to warm up or rehearse. There were so many encore calls at the Carnegie Hall performance that Nat King Cole (who was backstage, but not on the bill) had to come out on stage and ask people to leave.

During the tour, Nat King Cole was attacked on stage in Birmingham, Alabama by a group of white segregationists. Heath was so appalled he nearly cancelled the remainder of the tour but was persuaded by Cole to continue. They remained firm friends until Cole died in 1965 and collaborated musically on many occasions. Heath later successfully toured the US again and also toured Australia and Europe.

The 1950s was the most popular period for Ted Heath and His Music during which a substantial repertoire of recordings were made. In 1958 nine albums were recorded. He became a household name throughout the UK, Europe, Australasia and the US. He won the New Musical Express Poll for Best Band/Orchestra each year from 1952 to 1961. Heath was asked to perform at a third Royal Command Performance for King George VI in 1951, and for Elizabeth II in 1954. Ella Fitzgerald Lena Horne; June Christy; Mel Torme; The Four Freshmen; Donna Hightower and others. His band members included Ronnie Scott, an early member of the band, the pianist Stan Tracey, trumpeters Kenny Baker, Eddie Blair, Duncan Campbell, sax players Don Rendell and Tommy Whittle, trombonists Don Lusher and Wally Smith, drummers Jack Parnell and Ronnie Verrell and double bass Johnny Hawksworth. The addition of singers Dickie Valentine, Lita Roza and Dennis Lotis in the '50s gave the band more teenage appeal. He commissioned scores from all the top arrangers of the era with more than 800 original arrangements as part of the band's library. Arrangers included Tadd Dameron, George Shearing, Reg Owen, John Keating; Kenny Graham; Ken Moule; Bob Farnon; Woolf Phillips; Ron Roullier; Bill Russo; Johnny Douglas; Ron Goodwin; and Ralph Dollimore.

Personal life

Heath was married twice, firstly in 1924 to Audrey Keymer, who died in 1932. There were two sons from the marriage, Raymond and Robert. His second marriage was to Moira Tracey, a ballet dancer who appeared in one of the first television transmissions by John Logie Baird on the BBC, and became a prolific lyricist and songwriter. She received a special award for services to television, the 'Freedom of the City of London' in recognition of her services to songwriting and a British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors 'Gold Badge Award'. She died on 24 January 2000 in Weybridge, Surrey, England, UK. There were four children from this marriage, Martin, Valerie, Nicholas and Timothy.

Archives

Leeds Conservatoire in Leeds, Yorkshire, United Kingdom has a wide collection of Ted Heath recordings and memorabilia available for research.

Guildhall School of Music and Drama in London has established, in conjunction with the Heath family, "The Ted and Moira Heath Award" for promising jazz musicians.

References

Sources

  • John Robert Brown, A Concise History of Jazz p. 90
  • Ian Carr, Digby Fairweather, & Brian Priestley Jazz: The Rough Guide 2nd edition.
  • Roy Carr. A Century of Jazz. p. 24
  • Leonard Feather, "Heath, Edward 'Ted'", in the Encyclopedia of Jazz (New York City:Horizon Press, 1955), p. 157
  • Ron Fritts, Ken Vail. Ella Fitzgerald: The Chuck Webb Years and Beyond p. 93
  • Peter Gammond. The Oxford Companion to Popular Music – 1991
  • Lesley Gourse. Sassy: The Life of Sarah Vaughan
  • Max Harrison, Charles Fox, Eric Thacker. The Essential Jazz Records – Ragtime to Swing p. 215
  • Moira Heath. I Haven't Said Thanks: The Story of Ted and Moira Heath
  • Ted Heath. Listen to My Music: An Autobiography. London:Muller, 1957
  • Paul Henry. Saxophone
  • J. Humphries. Music Master Albums Record Catalog 1991
  • Roger D. Kinkle, "Heath, Ted". The Complete Encyclopedia of Popular Music and Jazz, 1900-1950.
  • Colin Larkin The Guinness Encyclopedia of Popular Music
  • Colin Larkin, The Virgin Encyclopedia of Fifties Music
  • William F. Lee. American Big Bands. p. 285
  • Gene Lees, Nat Hentoff. You Can't Steal a Gift: Dizzy, Clark, Milt and Nat
  • Henry Martin, Keith Waters. Jazz: The First 100 Years (House Publishers, 1974), pp. 1077–1078.
  • Joseph Murrells. The Book of Golden Discs
  • Tony Parker. The Greatest Swing Band in the World – Ted Heath
  • Catherine Parsonage. The Evolution of Jazz in Britain 1880–1935. p. 196
  • George Shearing, Alyn Shipton. Lullaby of Birdland. p. 87
  • John Shepherd. Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World
  • William Emmett Stodwell, Mark Baldin. The Big Band Reader. p. 135
  • Leo Walker. The Big Band Almanac. p. 174
  • Chris Woodward. The London Palladium: The Story of the Theatre and its Stars. p. 176
  • Scott Yanow. Swing.
  • Billboard magazine, 12 May 1956 – Ted Heath Carnegie Hall review
  • The Ted Heath Music Appreciation Society of Great Britain
  • "Big Band Profiles: Ted Heath", Jazz Professional, jazzprofessional.com.
  • "Ted Heath," The Space Age Pop Music Page, spaceagepop.com.
  • Big Band Library
  • UK Apologetics