thumb|alt=Rifle Cartridge Comparison|Common rifle cartridges, from the largest [[.50 BMG to the smallest .22 Long Rifle with a $1 United States dollar bill in the background as a reference point.]]

This is a table of selected pistol/submachine gun and rifle/machine gun cartridges by common name. Data values are the highest found for the cartridge, and might not occur in the same load (e.g. the highest muzzle energy might not be in the same load as the highest muzzle velocity, since the bullet weights can differ between loads).

Legend

  • Factory loadings. Number of manufacturers producing complete cartridges - e.g. Norma, RWS, Hornady, Winchester, Federal, Remington, Sellier & Bellot, Prvi Partizan. May be none for obsolete and wildcat cartridges.
  • H/R: Handgun (H) or rifle (R) - dominant usage of the cartridge (although several dual-purpose cartridges exist)
  • Size: Metric size - may not be official
  • MV: Muzzle velocity, in feet-per-second
  • ME: Muzzle energy, in foot-pounds
  • P: Momentum, in pound (force) (lbf) times seconds. A guide to the recoil from the cartridge, and an indicator of bullet penetration potential. The .30-06 Springfield (at 2.064 lbf-s) is considered the upper limit for tolerable recoil for inexperienced rifle shooters.

|3

|1052

|1660

|

|31.7

| 0.376

| align=center| Sweden

|3

|R

|6x39.6mm

|2789

|R

|6×48mm

|3018

|R

|6.18x38mm

|2750

|1813

|

|

|0.243

|0.536

|38mm

|Developed as an intermediate cartridge between 223 and 308 with superior external ballistics in a smaller package.

|-

|6.5mm Creedmoor

|2012

| data-sort-value="R" |R

|R

|6.5×47mm

|2900

|50mm

|Specifically designed and optimized for 300-1000m competition.

|data-sort-value=R|R

|6.5×55mm

|2735

|1525

|0.284

|0.329

|H

|9×18mm

|1017

|212

|

|18mm

|a.k.a. 9mm Makarov.

|-

| 9×19mm Parabellum

|1901

| align=center| Germany

|data-sort-value=6|6

| and anti-materiel rifles.

|-

| 14.5×114mm

| 1941

| align="center" |USSR

|

| data-sort-value="R" |R

|14.5×114mm

| 3300

| 24520

|

|1026

|0.586

|

|114mm

|Used in Heavy Machine Guns, AT-rifles and anti-materiel rifles.

|-

| .17 Hornet

|1950s

|18.1mm

|Rimfire

|-

|.17 HMR

|2002

|align=center| US

|data-sort-value=4|4

|0.172

|0.125

|952

|45.6mm

|

|-

| .17 Remington Fireball

| 2007

| align=center| US

|data-sort-value=1|1

|data-sort-value=R|R

|4.4×31mm

|3000

|400

|1590

|1621

|

|37.0

|

|66.0

|3076

|

|40.0

|R

|7.62×63.3mm

|3003

|4404

|

|

|0.308

|

|63.3mm

|Necked-down .338 Norma Mag. Selected by US Special Forces in 2016.

|-

| .303 British

| 1889

| align=center| UK

|data-sort-value=7|7

|51.18mm

|Necked up .308 Win.

|-

|.338-06

|1998

| align=center| US

|

|R

|8.6×63mm

| 2678

| 3582

|

|62.5

|0.338

|

|63mm

|Necked up .30-06.

|-

| .338 Lapua Magnum

| 1983

| align=center| Finland

|data-sort-value=5|5

|R

|8.6×63.3mm

|

|

|

|

|0.338

|

|63.3mm

|Wildcat designed to derive maximum effect from long, aerodynamic bullets.

|-

| .338 Marlin Express

| 2010

| align=center | US

|data-sort-value=4 | 4

| 2300

|

|

| 0.359

|R

|9.5×60mm

|2754

|4211

|

|

|0.375

|

|60mm

|Hornady and Steyr announced this cartridges at the 2000 Shot Show, based on a concept by Jeff Cooper.