Sulphur Springs is a city in and the county seat of Hopkins County, Texas, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 15,941. Mail to and from the city was delivered by the Pony Express. On May 18, 1871, the legislature moved the county seat of Hopkins County from Tarrant to Sulphur Springs, and the name "Bright Star" was removed from the postal directory.
thumb|left|Sulphur Springs Veterans' Memorial at the downtown courthouse
Further growth, abundance of newspapers
Local government organized slowly. The first known mayor was William A. Wortham. In 1854, Wortham had bought the Texas Star press and moved to Sulphur Springs. His brother-in-law, Bill Davis, and he established the city's first newspaper.
thumb|Building being rehabilitated as the new city hall
thumb|upright|[[Hopkins County Courthouse (Sulphur Springs, Texas)|Hopkins County Courthouse in downtown Sulphur Springs]]
thumb|Courthouse Square - ground view of plaza
The county seat had numerous newspapers. Echo Publishing Company was founded in 1897. It was the first steam-powered press in Sulphur Springs. After the first plant was lost to a fire, a new plant was constructed that used gasoline as fuel. In 1884, the Sulphur Springs Enterprise was founded. In the same year, James Harvey "Cyclone" Davis, a Populist (People's Party) US congressman, founded the Alliance Vindicator; it was published until 1901. John S. Bagwell bought the Hopkins County Echo in 1916. In 1924, the Texas Star was merged into the Daily News Telegram. The Daily News Telegram later was renamed the Daily Gazette and still later the Weekly Gazette. Eventually, all these newspapers were merged into the Sulphur Springs News-Telegram and the Hopkins County Echo, both of which still operate.
Late 18th, early 19th centuries
In 1857, the city set aside of land for Bright Star University. The Sulphur Springs District Conference High School began in 1877, established on Bright Star University land on College Street. In December 1882, the school became known as Central College. It was owned by the Methodist Episcopal Church. It was later renamed Eastman College and Conservatory of Music and Art under a new charter and after the leading professor. Before 1900, the college burned and Professor Eastman left the area.
The First National Bank of Sulphur Springs received its national charter in 1855. It is now known as City National Bank.
In 1857, the area's first steam-powered factory was established by the Bell brothers. In the same year, the Morro Castle was built on North Street. Its builders remain unknown.
C. Denton was elected to lead the new city government, which was incorporated during the Reconstruction Era. During the Civil War, the town had lost its charter and had to be incorporated again by the state legislature.
In 1868, federal troops moved into Sulphur Springs and occupied the city for two years during Reconstruction, in an effort to protect freedmen after emancipation. Upon their departure and the end of the military occupation, A. J. Bridges was elected as mayor.
The construction of a railroad line from Mineola, Texas, in 1872 stimulated growth in the city. Settlers were drawn by tales of the healing powers of the city's sulfur baths. Due to population growth, the springs of sulfur were gradually covered. None is active today. A rail line was run from Jefferson to Sulphur Springs in 1879. The St. Louis, Arkansas & Texas Railroad (Cotton Belt) was built through Sulphur Springs in 1887 on its way to Commerce and Sherman. The next year, the line was completed to Fort Worth, connecting the city to a major market. In 1891, the bankrupt railroad was sold to Jay Gould interests and renamed the St. Louis Southwestern Railway.
An ice plant was built in 1887. The city's courthouse, which is still used today, was constructed in 1895. In 1904, wells were dug to supply the city with water. In the same year, a long-distance telephone line was run to nearby Greenville. In 1889, the City National Bank was organized.
Post-World War II to today
After World War II, the city adopted a new council-manager type of government. It stimulated new programs. Industrialization brought new plants and factories to the city. The population has grown as a result, to an estimate of more than 16,000 in 2016.
The dairy industry was a major component of the local economy from the late 1940s through 1995. The Southwest Dairy Museum in the city features artifacts on the history of the dairy industry. The industry began to shrink largely because of declining milk prices, higher labor costs, and large corporations operating industrial-scale dairies.
Large industries in the area today include Pinnacle, Ocean Spray, Grocery Supply, Jeld-Wen, Clayton Home Mfg., Flowserve, and others.
Geography
Sulphur Springs is at the center of Hopkins County, roughly halfway between Dallas and Texarkana. Interstate 30 passes through the south side of the city, with access from exits 120 through 127. I-30 leads east to Mount Pleasant and to Texarkana, while to the west it leads to Greenville and to Dallas. Texas State Highway 19 runs through the western side of Sulphur Springs, leading north to Paris and southwest to Canton. Texas State Highway 11 passes through the southern and western sides of Sulphur Springs, leading southeast to Winnsboro and northwest to Commerce. Texas State Highway 154 runs through the center of Sulphur Springs as Gilmer Street and Church Street, leading north to Cooper and south to Quitman.
According to the United States Census Bureau, Sulphur Springs has a total area of , of which are land and , or 14.1%, are covered by water.
Demographics
Racial and ethnic composition
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Sulphur Spring, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition<br><small></small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(NH = Non-Hispanic)</small>
!Pop 2010
!
!% 2010
!
|-
|White alone (NH)
|10,574
|style='background: #ffffe6; |10,008
|68.45%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |62.78%
|-
|Black or African American alone (NH)
|1,944
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1,906
|12.58%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |11.96%
|-
|Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)
|57
|style='background: #ffffe6; |83
|0.39%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.52%
|-
|Asian alone (NH)
|80
|style='background: #ffffe6; |155
|0.52%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.97%
|-
|Pacific Islander alone (NH)
|5
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4
|0.03%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.03%
|-
|Some Other Race alone (NH)
|12
|style='background: #ffffe6; |39
|0.08%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.24%
|-
|Mixed race or Multiracial (NH)
|317
|style='background: #ffffe6; |648
|2.06%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4.06%
|-
|Hispanic or Latino (any race)
|2,460
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3,098
|15.92%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |19.43%
|-
|Total
|15,449
|style='background: #ffffe6; |15,941
|100.00%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |100.00%
|}
2020 census
As of the 2020 census, Sulphur Springs had a population of 15,941 and a median age of 37.0 years. Twenty-four point four percent of residents were under the age of 18 and 18.3% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 90.6 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 86.8 males age 18 and over.
As of the 2020 census, 92.1% of residents lived in urban areas, while 7.9% lived in rural areas.
As of the 2020 census, there were 6,232 households in Sulphur Springs, of which 33.2% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 43.2% were married-couple households, 17.6% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 32.3% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 29.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.
! Race !! Number !! Percent
|-
| White || 10,786 || 67.7%
|-
| Black or African American || 1,930 || 12.1%
|-
| American Indian and Alaska Native || 133 || 0.8%
|-
| Asian || 158 || 1.0%
|-
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander || 10 || 0.1%
|-
| Some other race || 1,384 || 8.7%
|-
| Two or more races || 1,540 || 9.7%
|-
| Hispanic or Latino (of any race) || 3,098 || 19.4%
|}
2010 census
As of the census the top 10 employers in the city are:
{| class="wikitable"
!#
!Employer
!# of Employees
|-
|1
|Sulphur Springs ISD
|663
|-
|2
|Grocery Supply Company
|540
|-
|3
|Saputo Foods, Inc.
|540
|-
|4
|Hopkins County Hospital
|463
|-
|5
|Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.
|375
|-
|6
|CMH Manufacturing
|293
|-
|7
|Signature Solar
|257
|-
|8
|Hopkins County
|252
|-
|9
|M&F Western Products
|198
|-
|10
|City of Sulphur Springs
|183
|}
Arts and culture
- The city public library has two collections; the Leo St. Clair Music Box Collection includes more than 150 music boxes, and the Sinclair World War II Collection displays letters, pictures and other World War II artifacts.
- The Southwest Dairy Museum and Learning Center depicts all facets of milk production and the history of the dairy industry.
- The Farm and Art Market is located downtown from May through October during the evening. In 2012, American Farmland Trust voted the market “America's Favorite Farmers Market”.
Parks and recreation
Several parks in the city feature recreational opportunities:
- Coleman Lake and Park is a park with waterfalls, trails, and ball parks.
- Buford Park is a one-acre park with castle store known as Kid's Kingdom. The local walking trail crosses Pea Vine Pinion pond.
- Hopkins County Museum and Heritage Park features of historical buildings that have been relocated to the park for restoration and preservation.
- Lake Sulphur Springs, a large lake to the north of the town.
- Cooper State Park, a state park 10 miles northwest from the town which is known for its hiking trails.
Education
The city is served by the Sulphur Springs Independent School District. Sulphur Springs High School has the Wildcats as its sports mascot.
thumb|The Paris Junior College location in Sulphur Springs
Sulphur Springs Center Paris Junior College is a post-secondary educational institution located in the city, offering two-year college courses. Texas A&M University–Commerce, a major university of over 12,000 students, has a campus in Commerce, west of Sulphur Springs.
Infrastructure
Transportation
Intercity
Greyhound provides daily service to Dallas and points west, and Texarkana, Arkansas, and all points east, but the city has no bus depot. The Greyhound buses stop at the 7 Star Travel Center
Highways
Sulphur Springs is served by these highways that run through the city:
- 30px Interstate 30
- 30px U.S. Highway 67 (runs concurrently with Interstate 30)
- 30px State Highway 11
- 30px State Highway 19
- 30px State Highway 154
- 30px State Loop 301
Airport
The city is served by the Sulphur Springs Municipal Airport. It was named Texas Airport of the Year for 2003 by the Federal Aviation Administration.
Railroad
Direct class 1 railroad service is provided by the CPKC Railway. Northeast Texas Connector, based in Sulphur Springs, also provides rail access to the town and interchanges with Union Pacific and CPKC.
Notable people
- Earl Black and Merle Black, political scientists
- Kaci Brown, pop singer
- Samuel Benton Callahan, mixed blood Creek Nation politician, lived in Sulphur Springs before and after the American Civil War
- Sophia Alice Callahan, daughter of Samuel Benton Callahan, author of Wynema, a Child of the Forest, lived in Sulphur Springs during and after the American Civil War
- Jim Chapman, former congressman
- Mandy Clark (born Amanda Barney), voice actress
- Keenan Clayton, NFL linebacker
- Steve George, NFL defensive tackle
- Forrest Gregg, SMU football, all Southwest Conference, All-Pro Green Bay Packers, Dallas Cowboys, coach of the Cincinnati Bengals, NFL Hall of Famer
- Tyreo Harrison, NFL linebacker
- Colleen Hoover, New York Times best-selling author
- Damione Lewis, NFL defensive tackle
- Gerald Mann, Texas attorney general and SMU quarterback
- Caleb Miller, NFL linebacker
- Kacey Musgraves, Grammy award-winning country singer
- Gary Panter, artist, illustrator, musician
- Grover Sellers, Texas attorney general
- Donald W. Washington, former Director of the United States Marshals Service
References
External links
- City of Sulphur Springs official website