thumb|Stop-time cadential pattern.
thumb|Stop-time in Scott Joplin's "Stoptime Rag" (1910)
thumb|Stop-time in [[Dan Emmett's "Aunt Dinah's Wedding Dance"<!--2nd break down strain--> (1895) ]]
thumb|Stop-time in Dan Emmett's "Aunt Dinah's Wedding Dance"<!--1st break down strain--> (1895) Stop-time occasionally appears in [[ragtime music. Stop-time is common in African-American popular music including R&B, soul music, and led to the development of the break in hip hop.
Stop-time is, according to Samuel A. Floyd Jr., "a musical device in which the forward flow of the music stops, or seems to stop, suspended in a rhythmic unison, while in some cases an improvising instrumentalist or singer continues solo with the forward flow of the meter and tempo. Such stop-time moments are sometimes repeated, creating an illusion of starting and stopping, as, for example, in Scott Joplin's "The Ragtime Dance" and Jelly Roll Morton's "King Porter Stomp"." "Notice: to get the desired effect of 'stop time', that the pianist will please stamp the heel of one foot heavily upon the floor at the word 'stamp'. Do not raise the toe from the floor while stamping."
In his copyright submission for "Cornet Chop Suey," Louis Armstrong includes a written stop-time chorus. Allusions to the stop-time chorus of "Cornet Chop Suey" occurs in "Oriental Strut" and "Potato Head Blues." Thomas Brothers cites Armstrong's exposure to the tap-dancing of Bubbles, who improvised dance steps during stop-time choruses, at the Sunset Café as further inspiration for stop-time choruses in his repertoire.
In Signifyin(g), Sanctifyin', and Slam Dunking, Gena Dagel Caponi writes:
See also
- Son clave, a cross-rhythm of which stop-time is a simplification
- Time signature