The Soviet Union (USSR) was the host nation of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. 489 competitors, 340 men and 149 women, took part in 202 events in 23 sports.
The Soviet Union won a record 80 gold medals (although since surpassed by the United States), and their 195 total medals are the second best result in history.
Medalists
The USSR finished first in the final medal rankings, with 80 gold and 195 total medals.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%;"
! Medal
! Name
! Sport
! Event
! Date
|-
| || <br />Oleg Logvin<br />Sergey Shelpakov<br />Anatoly Yarkin || Cycling || Men's team time trial ||
|-
| || || Shooting || Mixed 50 metre pistol ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Men's 200 metre butterfly ||
|-
| || || Weightlifting || Men's 52 kg ||
|-
| || || Diving || Women's 3 metre springboard ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Men's 200 metre freestyle ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Men's 1500 metre freestyle ||
|-
| || || Weightlifting || Men's 60 kg ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's Greco-Roman 48 kg ||
|-
| || || Diving || Men's 3 metre springboard ||
|-
| || || Fencing || Men's foil ||
|-
| || <br />Maria Filatova<br />Nellie Kim<br />Yelena Naimushina<br />Natalia Shaposhnikova<br />Stella Zakharova || Gymnastics || Women's artistic team all-around ||
|-
| || <br />Serhiy Krasyuk<br />Andrey Krylov<br />Yuri Presekin<br />Sergey Rusin<br />Vladimir Salnikov<br />Ivar Stukolkin || Swimming || Men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Women's 200 metre breaststroke ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's Greco-Roman 52 kg ||
|-
| || <br />Eduard Azaryan<br />Alexander Dityatin<br />Bohdan Makuts<br />Vladimir Markelov<br />Aleksandr Tkachyov || Gymnastics || Men's artistic team all-around ||
|-
| || || Shooting || Mixed 50 metre rifle three positions ||
|-
| || || Shooting || Mixed 50 metre running target ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's triple jump ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's pentathlon ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Men's artistic individual all-around ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Women's artistic individual all-around ||
|-
| || || Modern pentathlon || Men's individual ||
|-
| || <br />Yevgeny Lipeyev<br />Anatoli Starostin || Modern pentathlon || Men's team ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Men's 400 metre freestyle ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's Greco-Roman 57 kg ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's Greco-Roman 82 kg ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's Greco-Roman +100 kg ||
|-
| || || Fencing || Men's sabre ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Men's parallel bars ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Men's rings ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Men's vault ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Women's floor ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Women's vault ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's 100 metres ||
|-
| || <br />Viktor Manakov<br />Valery Movchan<br />Vitaly Petrakov || Cycling || Men's team pursuit ||
|-
| || <br />Larisa Popova || Rowing || Women's double sculls ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Men's 200 metre breaststroke ||
|-
| || || Weightlifting || Men's 82.5 kg ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's javelin throw ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's 800 metres ||
|-
| || <br />Yuri Salnikov<br />Valery Volkov<br />Sergey Rogozhin || Equestrian || Team eventing ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Men's 400 metre individual medley ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's discus throw ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's 100 metres hurdles ||
|-
| || || Cycling || Men's individual road race ||
|-
| || <br />Vyacheslav Chukanov<br />Nikolai Korolkov<br />Viktor Poganovsky || Equestrian || Team jumping ||
|-
| || <br />Viktor Krovopuskov<br />Vladimir Nazlymov<br />Viktor Sidyak <br> Nikolay Alyokhin || Fencing || Men's team sabre ||
|-
| || || Judo || Men's 78 kg ||
|-
| || <br />Aleksandr Muzychenko || Sailing || Star ||
|-
|
|
|Volleyball
|Women's tournament
|
|-
|
|
|Water polo
|Men's tournament
|
|-
| || || Weightlifting || Men's 110 kg ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's freestyle 62 kg ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's freestyle 90 kg ||
|-
|
|
|Handball
|Women's tournament
|
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's 400 metres ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's shot put ||
|-
|
|
|Basketball
|Women's tournament
|
|-
| || || Weightlifting || Men's +110 kg ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's freestyle 52 kg ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's freestyle 100 kg ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's hammer throw ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's long jump ||
|-
| || <br />Vira Misevych<br />Viktor Ugryumov || Equestrian || Team dressage ||
|-
| || || Judo || Men's 65 kg ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's freestyle 57 kg ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's freestyle 68 kg ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's freestyle +100 kg ||
|-
| || <br />Vladimir Muravyov<br />Andrey Prokofyev<br />Nikolay Sidorov || Athletics || Men's 4 × 100 metres relay ||
|-
| || <br />Nikolay Chernetskiy<br />Mikhail Linge<br />Viktor Markin<br />Remigijus Valiulis || Athletics || Men's 4 × 400 metres relay ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's 1500 metres ||
|-
| || <br />Irina Nazarova<br />Tatyana Prorochenko<br />Nina Zyuskova || Athletics || Women's 4 × 400 metres relay ||
|-
| || || Canoeing || Men's C-1 500 metres ||
|-
| || || Canoeing || Men's K-1 500 metres ||
|-
| || <br />Vladimir Parfenovich || Canoeing || Men's K-2 500 metres ||
|-
|
|
|Volleyball
|Men's tournament
|
|-
| || || Archery || Women's individual ||
|-
| || || Boxing || Light flyweight ||
|-
| || <br />Vladimir Parfenovich || Canoeing || Men's K-2 1000 metres ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Men's 200 metre freestyle ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Men's 100 metre backstroke ||
|-
| || || Weightlifting || Men's 56 kg ||
|-
| || || Cycling || Men's track time trial ||
|-
| || || Shooting || Mixed trap ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Men's 1500 metre freestyle ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Men's 100 metre breaststroke ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's Greco-Roman 90 kg ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Women's 200 metre breaststroke ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's Greco-Roman 74 kg ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's 20 kilometres walk ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's triple jump ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's shot put ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's pentathlon ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Men's artistic individual all-around ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Men's 400 metre freestyle ||
|-
| || <br />Sergey Koplyakov<br />Serhiy Krasyuk<br />Viktor Kuznetsov<br />Aleksey Markovsky<br />Arsens Miskarovs<br />Yevgeny Seredin<br />Vladimir Shemetov || Swimming || Men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay ||
|-
| || || Weightlifting || Men's 75 kg ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's javelin throw ||
|-
| || || Fencing || Men's sabre ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Men's floor ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Men's horizontal bar ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Men's parallel bars ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Men's pommel horse ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Men's rings ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Men's vault ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Women's balance beam ||
|-
| || || Rowing || Men's single sculls ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's 400 metres hurdles ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's decathlon ||
|-
| || || Diving || Women's 10 metre platform ||
|-
| || <br />Vladimir Lapitsky<br />Alexandr Romankov<br />Sabirzhan Ruziyev<br />Vladimir Smirnov || Fencing || Men's team foil ||
|-
| || || Rowing || Women's single sculls ||
|-
| || <br />Nadezhda Lyubimova<br />Yelena Matiyevskaya<br />Antonina Pustovit<br />Olga Vasilchenko || Rowing || Women's quadruple sculls ||
|-
| || <br />Maria Paziun<br />Olga Pivovarova<br />Nina Preobrazhenskaya<br />Nadezhda Prishchepa<br />Tatyana Stetsenko<br />Elena Tereshina<br />Nina Umanets<br />Valentina Zhulina || Rowing || Women's eight ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Women's 100 metre breaststroke ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's javelin throw ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's 800 metres ||
|-
| || || Equestrian || Individual eventing ||
|-
| || <br />Elena Belova<br />Valentina Sidorova<br />Larisa Tsagarayeva<br />Irina Ushakova || Fencing || Women's team foil ||
|-
| || || Judo || Men's 95 kg ||
|-
| || <br />Mykola Dovhan<br />Valeriy Kleshnyov<br />Yuriy Shapochka || Rowing || Men's quadruple sculls ||
|-
| || <br />Yuriy Pimenov || Rowing || Men's coxless pair ||
|-
| || <br />Aleksandr Lukyanov (cox)<br />Viktor Pereverzev || Rowing || Men's coxed pair ||
|-
| || <br />Vitaliy Eliseyev<br />Aleksey Kamkin<br />Aleksandr Kulagin || Rowing || Men's coxless four ||
|-
| || <br />Dimants Krišjānis<br />Dzintars Krišjānis<br />Žoržs Tikmers<br />Juris Bērziņš (cox) || Rowing || Men's coxed four ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Men's 400 metre individual medley ||
|-
| || || Diving || Men's 10 metre platform ||
|-
| || || Weightlifting || Men's 100 kg ||
|-
| || <br />Boris Budnikov<br />Nikolay Polyakov || Sailing || Soling ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's pole vault ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's shot put ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's 200 metres ||
|-
|
|
|Handball
|Men's tournament
|
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's hammer throw ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's freestyle 82 kg ||
|-
| || <br />Natalya Bochina<br />Vera Komisova<br />Lyudmila Maslakova || Athletics || Women's 4 × 100 metres relay ||
|-
| || <br />Nina Trofimova || Canoeing || Women's K-2 500 metres ||
|-
| || || Equestrian || Individual dressage ||
|-
| || || Archery || Men's individual ||
|-
| || || Archery || Women's individual ||
|-
| || || Boxing || Flyweight ||
|-
| || || Boxing || Lightweight ||
|-
| || || Boxing || Light welterweight ||
|-
| || || Boxing || Light middleweight ||
|-
| || || Boxing || Middleweight ||
|-
| || || Boxing || Heavyweight ||
|-
| || || Canoeing || Men's C-1 1000 metres ||
|-
| || || Equestrian || Individual jumping ||
|-
| || <br />Alla Grishchenkova<br />Olga Klevakina<br />Yelena Kruglova<br />Natalya Strunnikova<br />Elvira Vasilkova || Swimming || Women's 4 × 100 metre medley relay ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Men's 100 metre backstroke ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's Greco-Roman 62 kg ||
|-
| || || Fencing || Men's foil ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Women's 200 metre breaststroke ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's pentathlon ||
|-
| || || Modern pentathlon || Men's individual ||
|-
| || || Shooting || Mixed 50 metre running target ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Men's 400 metre freestyle ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Men's floor ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Men's horizontal bar ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Women's balance beam ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Women's floor ||
|-
| || || Gymnastics || Women's uneven bars ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's 800 metres ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's decathlon ||
|-
| || || Cycling || Men's sprint ||
|-
| || || Diving || Women's 10 metre platform ||
|-
| || <br />Viktor Kokoshyn<br />Andrey Luhin<br />Oleksandr Mantsevych<br />Ihar Maystrenka<br />Jonas Narmontas<br />Jonas Pinskus<br />Andriy Tishchenko<br />Oleksandr Tkachenko || Rowing || Men's eight ||
|-
| || <br />Mariya Fadeyeva<br />Svetlana Semyonova<br />Galina Sovetnikova<br />Marina Studneva || Rowing || Women's coxed four ||
|-
| || || Swimming || Men's 200 metre breaststroke ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's 110 metres hurdles ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's 800 metres ||
|-
| || || Equestrian || Individual eventing ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's long jump ||
|-
| || || Cycling || Men's individual road race ||
|-
| || || Diving || Men's 10 metre platform ||
|-
| || || Judo || Men's 86 kg ||
|-
|
|
|Field hockey
|Men's tournament
|
|-
| || || Sailing || Finn ||
|-
| || || Wrestling || Men's freestyle 48 kg ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's 50 kilometres walk ||
|-
|
|
|Basketball
|Men's tournament
|
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's hammer throw ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's long jump ||
|-
| || || Boxing || Featherweight ||
|-
| || <br />Ashot Karagyan<br />Boris Lukomsky<br />Aleksandr Mozhayev<br />Vladimir Smirnov || Fencing || Men's team épée ||
|-
|
|
|Field hockey
|Women's tournament
|
|-
| || || Athletics || Men's marathon ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's 1500 metres ||
|-
| || || Athletics || Women's discus throw ||
|-
| || || Canoeing || Women's K-1 500 metres ||
|-
| || || Equestrian || Individual dressage ||
|-
|
|
|Football
|Men's tournament
|
|-
| || || Judo || Men's 60 kg ||
|-
| || <br />Vasyl Yurchenko || Canoeing || Men's C-2 1000 metres ||
|}
Competitors
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!width=180|Sport
!width=55|Men
!width=55 data-sort-type=number|Women
!width=55|Total
|-
|align=left|Archery || 2 || 2 || 4
|-
|align=left|Athletics || 64 || 35 || 99
|-
|align=left|Basketball || 12 || 12 || 24
|-
|align=left|Boxing || 11 || — || 11
|-
|align=left|Canoeing || 12 || 3 || 15
|-
|align=left|Cycling || 13 || — || 13
|-
|align=left|Diving || 6 || 6 || 12
|-
|align=left|Equestrian || 10 || 1 || 11
|-
|align=left|Fencing || 14 || 5 || 19
|-
|align=left|Field hockey || 16 || 16 || 32
|-
|align=left|Football || 17 || — || 17
|-
|align=left|Gymnastics || 6 || 6 || 12
|-
|align=left|Handball || 14 || 13 || 27
|-
|align=left|Judo || 8 || — || 8
|-
|align=left|Modern pentathlon || 3 || — || 3
|-
|align=left|Rowing || 30 || 24 || 54
|-
|align=left|Sailing || 12 || 0 || 12
|-
|align=left|Shooting || 14 || 0 || 14
|-
|align=left|Swimming || 24 || 15 || 39
|-
|align=left|Volleyball || 12 || 11 || 23
|-
|align=left|Water polo || 11 || — || 11
|-
|align=left|Weightlifting || 10 || — || 10
|-
|align=left|Wrestling || 20 || — || 20
|-class="sortbottom"
! Total || 341 || 149 || 490
|}
Archery
;Men
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!Athlete
!Event
!90 m
!70 m
!50 m
!30 m
!Total
!Rank
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Boris Isachenko
|rowspan=4 align=left|Men's individual
|271
|303
|302
|341
|rowspan=2 |2452
|rowspan=2 |
|-
|289
|312
|300
|334
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Vladimir Yesheyev
|278
|307
|294
|343
|rowspan=2|2432
|rowspan=2|6
|-
|268
|310
|306
|326
|}
;Women
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!Athlete
!Event
!70 m
!60 m
!50 m
!30 m
!Total
!Rank
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Natalya Butuzova
|rowspan=4 align=left|Women's individual
|301
|314
|301
|335
|rowspan=2|2477
|rowspan=2|
|-
|278
|306
|300
|342
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Keto Losaberidze
|299
|317
|295
|346
|rowspan=2|2491
|rowspan=2|
|-
|282
|304
|304
|344
|}
Athletics
;Men's competition
Men's 100 metres
- Aleksandr Aksinin
:* Heat — 10.26
:* Quarterfinals — 10.29
:* Semifinals — 10.45
:* Final — 10.42 (→ 4th place)
- Vladimir Muravyov
:* Heat — 10.37
:* Quarterfinals — 10.34
:* Semifinals — 10.42
:* Final — 10.44 (→ 6th place)
- Andrei Shlyapnikov
:* Heat — 10.43
:* Quarterfinals — 10.59 (→ did not advance)
Men's 200 metres
- Nikolay Sidorov
:* Heat — 21.15
:* Quarterfinals — 20.83
:* Semifinals — 21.17 (→ did not advance)
- Vladimir Muravyov
:* Heat — did not start (→ did not advance)
- Aleksandr Stasevich
:* Heat — did not finish (→ did not advance)
Men's 400 metres
- Viktor Markin
:* Heat — 46.88
:* Quarterfinals — 45.58
:* Semifinals — 45.60
:* Final — 44.60 (→ Gold medal)
- Viktor Burakov
:* Heat — 46.41
:* Quarterfinals — 46.23
:* Semifinals — 45.97 (→ did not advance)
- Nikolay Chernetsky
:* Heat — 47.04
:* Quarterfinals — 46.30
:* Semifinals — 45.94 (→ did not advance)
Men's 800 metres
- Nikolay Kirov
:* Heat — 1:47.5
:* Semifinals — 1:46.7
:* Final — 1:46.0 (→ Bronze medal)
- Anatoliy Reshetnyak
:* Heat — 1:47.9
:* Semifinals — 1:48.2 (→ did not advance)
Men's 1,500 metres
- Vladimir Malozemlin
:* Heat — 3:38.7
:* Semifinals — 3:43.6 (→ did not advance)
- Vitaliy Tyshchenko
:* Heat — 3:44.4
:* Semifinals — 3:41.5 (→ did not advance)
- Pavel Yakovlev
:* Heat — 3:44.2 (→ did not advance)
Men's 5,000 metres
- Aleksandr Fyodotkin
:* Heat — 13:45.6
:* Semifinals — 13:31.9
:* Final — 13:24.1 (→ 8th place)
- Valery Abramov
:* Heat — 13:42.9
:* Semifinals — 13:40.7 (→ did not advance)
- Enn Sellik
:* Heat — 13:52.4 (→ did not advance)
Men's 10,000 metres
- Enn Sellik
:* Heat — 29:12.1
:* Final — 28:13.8 (→ 8th place)
- Vladimir Shesterov
:* Heat — 29:32.4 (→ did not advance)
- Aleksandras Antipovas
:* Heat — did not finish (→ did not advance)
Men's 4x100 metres relay
- Vladimir Muravyov, Nikolay Sidorov, Aleksandr Aksinin and Andrey Prokofyev
:* Heat — 38.68
:* Final — 38.26 (→ Gold medal)
Men's 4x400 metres relay
- Nikolay Chernetskiy, Mikhail Linge, Remigijus Valiulis and Viktor Burakov
:* Heat — 3:01.8
- Remigijus Valiulis, Mikhail Linge, Nikolay Chernetskiy and Viktor Markin
:* Final — 3:01.1 (→ Gold medal)
Men's 110 m hurdles
- Aleksandr Puchkov
:* Heat — 13.84
:* Semifinals — 13.50
:* Final — 13.44 (→ Bronze medal)
- Andrey Prokofyev
:* Heat — 13.61
:* Semifinals — 13.59
:* Final — 13.49 (→ 4th place)
- Yuriy Chervanov
:* Heat — 13.75
:* Semifinals — 13.78
:* Final — 15.80 (→ 8th place)
Men's 400 m hurdles
- Vasyl Arkhypenko
:* Heat — 50.22
:* Semifinals — 49.80
:* Final — 48.86 (→ Silver medal)
- Nikolay Vasilyev
:* Heat — 50.09
:* Semifinals — 49.87
:* Final — 49.34 (→ 4th place)
- Aleksandr Kharlov
:* Heat — 50.79
:* Semifinals — 50.64 (→ did not advance)
Men's 3,000 m steeplechase
- Anatoliy Dimov
:* Heat — 8:33.2
:* Semifinals — 8:24.9
:* Final — 8:19.8 (→ 8th place)
- Serhiy Olizarenko
:* Heat — 8:34.3
:* Semifinals — did not finish (→ did not advance)
- Aleksandr Vorobey
:* Heat — 8:42.6
:* Semifinals — 8:44.3 (→ did not advance)
Men's marathon
- Setymkul Dzhumanazarov
:* Final — 2:11:35 (→ Bronze medal)
- Vladimir Kotov
:* Final — 2:12:05 (→ 4th place)
- Leonid Moseyev
:* Final — 2:12:14 (→ 5th place)
Men's 20 km walk
- Pyotr Pochenchuk
:* Final — 1:24:45.4 (→ Silver medal)
- Yevgeniy Yevsyukov
:* Final — 1:26:28.3 (→ 4th place)
- Anatoliy Solomin
:* Final — DSQ (→ no ranking)
Men's 50 km walk
- Yevgeniy Ivchenko
:* Final — 3:56:32 (→ Bronze medal)
- Vyacheslav Fursov
:* Final — 3:58:32 (→ 5th place)
- Boris Yakovlev
:* Final — DSQ (→ no ranking)
Men's long jump
- Valeriy Podluzhniy
:* Qualification — 8.02 m
:* Final — 8.18 m (→ Bronze medal)
- Viktor Belskiy
:* Qualification — 8.01 m
:* Final — 8.10 m (→ 6th place)
Men's high jump
- Aleksandr Grigoryev
:* Qualification — 2.21 m
:* Final — 2.21 m (→ 8th place)
- Gennadiy Belkov
:* Qualification — 2.21 m
:* Final — 2.21 m (→ 10th place)
- Aleksey Demyanyuk
:* Qualification — 2.21 m
:* Final — 2.21 m (→ 11th place)
Men's pole vault
- Konstantin Volkov
:* Qualification — 5.35 m
:* Final — 5.65 m (→ Silver medal)
- Sergey Kulibaba
:* Qualification — 5.35 m
:* Final — 5.45 m (→ 8th place)
- Yuriy Prokhorenko
:* Qualification — no mark (→ did not advance)
Men's triple jump
- Jaak Uudmäe
:* Qualification — 16.69 m
:* Final — 17.35 m (→ Gold medal)
- Viktor Saneyev
:* Qualification — 16.57 m
:* Final — 17.24 m (→ Silver medal)
- Yevgeni Anikin
:* Qualification — 16.77 m
:* Final — 16.12 m (→ 9th place)
Men's hammer throw
- Yuriy Sedykh
:* Qualification — 78.22 m
:* Final Round — 81.80 m (→ Gold medal)
- Sergey Litvinov
:* Qualification — 75.24 m
:* Final Round — 80.64 m (→ Silver medal)
- Jüri Tamm
:* Qualification — 76.24 m
:* Final Round — 78.96 m (→ Bronze medal)
Men's discus throw
- Viktor Rashchupkin
:* Qualification — 64.78 m
:* Final — 66.64 m (→ Gold medal)
- Yuriy Dumchev
:* Qualification — 62.82 m
:* Final — 65.58 m (→ 5th place)
- Ihor Duhinets
:* Qualification — 63.10 m
:* Final — 64.04 m (→ 6th place)
Men's shot put
- Vladimir Kiselyov
:* Qualification — 20.72 m
:* Final — 21.35 m (→ Gold medal)
- Aleksandr Baryshnikov
:* Qualification — 20.58 m
:* Final — 21.08 m (→ Silver medal)
- Anatoliy Yarosh
:* Qualification — 20.19 m
:* Final — 19.93 m (→ 9th place)
Men's javelin throw
- Dainis Kula
:* Qualification — 85.76 m
:* Final — 91.20 m (→ Gold medal)
- Aleksandr Makarov
:* Qualification — 83.32 m
:* Final — 89.64 m (→ Silver medal)
- Heino Puuste
:* Qualification — 82.96 m
:* Final — 86.10 m (→ 4th place)
Men's decathlon
- Yuriy Kutsenko
:* Final — 8331 points (→ Silver medal)
- Sergei Zhelanov
:* Final — 8135 points (→ Bronze medal)
- Valeriu Caceanov
:* Final — did not finish (→ no ranking)
;Women's competition
Women's 100 metres
- Lyudmila Kondratyeva
:* Heat — 11.13
:* Quarterfinals — 11.06
:* Semifinals — 11.11
:* Final — 11.06 (→ Gold medal)
- Vera Anisimova
:* Heat — 11.53
:* Quarterfinals — 11.33
:* Semifinals — 11.51 (→ did not advance)
- Natalya Bochina
:* Heat — 11.38
:* Quarterfinals — 11.30
:* Semifinals — 11.38 (→ did not advance)
Women's 200 metres
- Natalya Bochina
:* Heat — 23.28
:* Quarterfinals — 22.26
:* Semifinals — 22.75
:* Final — 22.19 (→ Silver medal)
- Lyudmila Maslakova
:* Heat — 23.49
:* Quarterfinals — 23.24
:* Semifinals — 23.27 (→ did not advance)
Women's 400 metres
- Irina Nazarova
:* Heat — 51.66
:* Semifinals — 50.18
:* Final — 50.07 (→ 4th place)
- Nina Ziuskova
:* Heat — 51.42
:* Semifinals — 51.12
:* Final — 50.17 (→ 5th place)
- Lyudmila Chernova
:* Heat — 51.51
:* Semifinals — 51.30 (→ did not advance)
Women's 800 metres
- Nadiya Olizarenko
:* Heat — 1:59.3
:* Semifinals — 1:57.7
:* Final — 1:53.5 (→ Gold medal)
- Olga Mineyeva
:* Heat — 2:01.5
:* Semifinals — 1:57.5
:* Final — 1:54.9 (→ Silver medal)
- Tatyana Providokhina
:* Heat — 1:58.5
:* Semifinals — 1:58.3
:* Final — 1:55.5 (→ Bronze medal)
Women's 1,500 metres
- Tatyana Kazankina
:* Heat — 3:59.2
:* Final — 3:56.6 (→ Gold medal)
- Nadiya Olizarenko
:* Heat — 3:59.5
:* Final — 3:59.6 (→ Bronze medal)
- Lyubov Smolka
:* Heat — 4:04.4
:* Final — 4:01.3 (→ 6th place)
Women's 100 m hurdles
- Vera Komisova
:* Heat — 12.67
:* Semifinal — 12.78
:* Final — 12.56 (→ Gold medal)
- Irina Litovchenko
:* Heat — 12.97
:* Semifinal — 12.84
:* Final — 12.84 (→ 6th place)
- Tatyana Anisimova
:* Heat — 13.31
:* Semifinal — did not start (→ did not advance)
Women's 4x100 metres relay
- Vera Komisova, Lyudmila Maslakova, Vera Anisimova and Natalya Bochina
:* Final — 42.10 (→ Silver medal)
Women's 4x400 metres relay
- Tatyana Prorochenko, Tatyana Goyshchik, Lyudmila Chernova and Olga Mineyeva
:* Heat — 3:25.3
- Tatyana Prorochenko, Tatyana Goyshchik, Nina Ziuskova and Irina Nazarova
:* Final — 3:20.2 (→ Gold medal)
Women's high jump
- Marina Sysoeva
:* Qualification — 1.88 m
:* Final — 1.91 m (→ 5th place)
- Tamara Bykova
:* Qualification — 1.88 m
:* Final — 1.88 m (→ 9th place)
- Marina Serkova
:* Qualification — 1.80 m (→ did not advance)
Women's long jump
- Tatyana Kolpakova
:* Qualification — 6.70 m
:* Final — 7.06 m (→ Gold medal)
- Tetyana Skachko
:* Qualification — 6.56 m
:* Final — 7.01 m (→ Bronze medal)
- Lidiya Alfeyeva
:* Qualification — 6.78 m
:* Final — 6.71 m (→ 8th place)
Women's discus throw
- Tatyana Lesovaya
:* Qualification — 62.20 m
:* Final — 67.40 m (→ Bronze medal)
- Galina Murašova
:* Qualification — 60.32 m
:* Final — 63.84 m (→ 7th place)
- Faina Melnik
:* Qualification — 53.76 m (→ did not advance)
Women's javelin throw
- Saida Gunba
:* Qualification — 63.98 m
:* Final — 67.76 m (→ Silver medal)
- Tatyana Biryulina
:* Qualification — 59.86 m
:* Final — 65.08 m (→ 6th place)
- Yadviga Putiniene
:* Qualification — 62.96 m
:* Final — 59.94 m (→ 11th place)
Women's shot put
- Svetlana Krachevskaia
:* Final — 21.42 m (→ Silver medal)
- Nunu Abashidze
:* Final — 21.15 m (→ 4th place)
- Natalya Akhrimenko
:* Final — 19.74 m (→ 7th place)
Women's pentathlon
- Nadiya Tkachenko — 5083 points (→ Gold medal)
- 100 metres — 13.29s
- Shot put — 16.84m
- High jump — 1.84m
- Long jump — 6.73m
- 800 metres — 2:05.20
- Olga Rukavishnikova — 4937 points (→ Silver medal)
- 100 metres — 13.66s
- Shot put — 14.09m
- High jump — 1.88m
- Long jump — 6.79m
- 800 metres — 2:04.80
- Olga Kuragina — 4875 points (→ Bronze medal)
- 100 metres — 13.26s
- Shot put — 12.49m
- High jump — 1.84m
- Long jump — 6.77m
- 800 metres — 2:03.60
Basketball
;Summary
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Team
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=4|Preliminary round
!colspan=5|Final round / Classification round
!
!colspan=2|Final /
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Rank
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Rank
!Opposition<br>Score
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Soviet Union men's
|align=left|Men's tournament
|<br>W 121–65
|<br>W 101–88
|<br>W 99–82
|1 Q
| Spain<br>W 102–81
| Italy<br>L 85–87
|<br>L 91–101
|<br>W 109–90
|
|3 q
| Spain<br>W 117–74
|
|-
|align=left|Soviet Union women's
|align=left|Women's tournament
|colspan=4
|<br>W 97–62
|<br>W 122–83
| Italy<br>W 119–53
|<br>W 95–56
|<br>W 120–62
|1 Q
|<br>W 104–73
|
|}
;Men's roster
:* Stanislav Yeryomin
:* Valery Miloserdov
:* Sergei Tarakanov
:* Aleksandr Salnikov
:* Andrey Lopatov
:* Nikolay Deryugin
:* Sergei Belov
:* Vladimir Tkachenko
:* Anatoly Myshkin
:* Sergejus Jovaiša
:* Alexander Belostenny
:* Vladimir Zhigily
;Women's roster
:* Angelė Rupšienė
:* Lyubov Sharmay
:* Vida Beselienė
:* Olga Korostelyova
:* Tatyana Ovechkina
:* Nadezhda Olkhova
:* Uljana Semjonova
:* Lyudmila Rogozhina
:* Nelli Feryabnikova
:* Olga Sukharnova
:* Tetiana Nadyrova
:* Tatyana Ivinskaya
Boxing
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Athlete
!rowspan=2|Event
!Round of 64
!Round of 32
!Round of 16
!Quarterfinals
!Semifinals
!colspan=2|Final
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Opposition<br />Result
!Opposition<br />Result
!Opposition<br />Result
!Opposition<br />Result
!Opposition<br />Result
!Opposition<br />Result
!Rank
|-align=center
|align=left|Shamil Sabirov
|align=left|Light flyweight
|
|
|<br>W 5–0
|<br>W 4–1
|<br>W 5–0
|<br>W 3–2
|
|-align=center
|align=left|Viktor Miroshnichenko
|align=left|Flyweight
|
|
|<br/>W 4–1
|<br/>W 5–0
|<br>W 4–1
|<br>L RSC
|
|-align=center
|align=left|Samson Khachatryan
|align=left|Bantamweight
|
|<br>W 5–0
|<br>W 5–0
|<br>L 1–4
|colspan=3|Did not advance
|-
|-align=center
|align=left|Viktor Rybakov
|align=left|Featherweight
|
|<br>W 5–0
|<br>W 5–0
|<br>W 4–1
|<br>L 1–4
|Did not advance
|
|-align=center
|align=left|Viktor Demyanenko
|align=left|Lightweight
|
|<br>W DSQ
|<br>W 5–0
|<br>W 5–0
|<br>W RSC
|<br>L RSC
|
|-align=center
|align=left|Serik Konakbayev
|align=left|Light welterweight
|
|<br>W 5–0
|<br>W RET
|<br>W WO
|<br>W 4–1
|<br>L 1–4
|
|-align=center
|align=left|Israel Akopkokhyan
|align=left|Welterweight
|
|
|<br>L 2–3
|colspan=4|Did not advance
|-align=center
|align=left|Aleksandr Koshkin
|align=left|Light middleweight
|
|
|<br>W KO
|<br>W KO
|<br>W 5–0
|<br>L 1–4
|
|-align=center
|align=left|Viktor Savchenko
|align=left|Middleweight
|
|<br>L RSC
|<br>W RSC
|<br>W RSC
|<br>W RSC
|<br>L 1–4
|
|-align=center
|align=left|David Kvachadze
|align=left|Light heavyweight
|colspan=2
|<br>W RSC
|<br>L 1–4
|colspan=3|Did not advance
|-align=center
|align=left|Pyotr Zayev
|align=left|Heavyweight
|colspan=2
|<br>W 5–0
|<br>W 5–0
|<br>W 5–0
|<br>L 1–4
|
|}
Canoeing
;Men
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Athlete
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=2|Heats
!colspan=2|Repechage
!colspan=2|Semifinals
!colspan=2|Final
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Time
!Rank
!Time
!Rank
!Time
!Rank
!Time
!Rank
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Sergei Postrekhin
|align=left|C-1 500 m
|1:54.13
|1 QF
|colspan=2
|colspan=2
|1:53.37
|
|-
|align=left|C-1 1000 m
|4:07.39
|3 QF
|colspan=2
|colspan=2
|4:13.53
|
|-
|align=left|Serhiy Petrenko<br>Aleksandr Vinogradov
|align=left|C-2 500 m
|1:44.54
|3 QS
|colspan=2
|colspan=2
|1:46.95
|6
|-
|align=left|Vasyl Yurchenko<br>Yuri Lobanov
|align=left|C-2 1000 m
|3:41.32
|2 QF
|colspan=2
|colspan=2
|3:51.28
|
|-
|align=left|Vladimir Parfenovich
|align=left|K-1 500 m
|1:44.80
|1 QS
|colspan=2
|1:43.24
|1 QF
|1:43.43
|
|-
|align=left|Rasmutis Višinskis
|align=left|K-1 1000 m
|3:48.57
|4 QR
|3:50.29
|1 QS
|3:54.52
|4
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Vladimir Parfenovich<br>Sergei Chukhray
|align=left|K-2 500 m
|1:33.75
|1 QS
|colspan=2
|1:34.71
|1 QF
|1:32.38
|
|-
|align=left|K-2 1000 m
|3:24.61
|1 QS
|colspan=2
|3:35.81
|1 QF
|3:26.72
|
|-
|align=left|Gennady Makhnev<br>Serhei Nahorny<br>Aleksandr Avdeyev<br>Vladimir Tainikov
|align=left|K-4 1000 m
|3:02.70
|1 QF
|colspan=2
|colspan=2
|3:19.83
|7
|}
;Women
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Athlete
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=2|Heats
!colspan=2|Semifinal
!colspan=2|Final
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Time
!Rank
!Time
!Rank
!Time
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Antonina Melnikova
|align=left|K-1 500 m
|1:58.74
|1 QF
|colspan=2
|1:59.66
|
|-
|align=left|Galina Alekseyeva<br>Nina Trofimova
|align=left|K-2 500 m
|1:47.07
|1 QF
|colspan=2
|1:46.91
|
|}
Cycling
Thirteen cyclists represented the Soviet Union in 1980.
Road
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!Athlete
!Event
!Time
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Yuri Barinov
|rowspan=4 align=left|Road race
|
|
|-
|align=left|Yury Kashirin
|
|23
|-
|align=left|Sergei Sukhoruchenkov
|4:48:28.9
|
|-
|align=left|Anatoly Yarkin
|
|6
|-
|align=left|Yury Kashirin<br>Oleg Logvin<br>Sergey Shelpakov<br>Anatoly Yarkin
|align=left|Team time trial
|2:01:21.74
|
|}
Track
;Pursuit
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Athlete
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=2|Qualification
!Quarterfinals
!Semifinals
!colspan=2|Final /
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Time
!Rank
!Opposition<br>Time
!Opposition<br>Time
!Opposition<br>Time
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Vladimir Osokin
|align=left|Individual pursuit
|4:41.51
|5 Q
|<br>L 4:38.17
|colspan=3|Did not advance
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Krasnov<br>Viktor Manakov<br>Valery Movchan<br>Vladimir Osokin<br>Vitaly Petrakov
|align=left|Team pursuit
|4:16.62
|1 Q
|<br>W 4:14.64
|<br>W 4:26.52
|<br>W 4:15.70
|
|}
;Sprint
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Athlete
!rowspan=2|Event
!Preliminary<br>Round 1
!Round 1<br>Repechage
!Preliminary<br>Round 2
!Round 2<br>Repechage
!Round of 16
!Round of 16<br>Repechage
!Quarterfinals
!Semifinals
!colspan=2|Final /
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Opposition<br>Time
!Opposition<br>Time
!Opposition<br>Time
!Opposition<br>Time
!Opposition<br>Time
!Opposition<br>Time
!Opposition<br>Time
!Opposition<br>Time
!Opposition<br>Time
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Sergei Kopylov
|align=left|Sprint
|<br>W WO
|
|<br>W 10.55
|
|<br>W 10.55
|
|<br>W 10.76,<br>W 11.00
|<br>L, L
|<br>W 10.56,<br>W 10.47
|
|}
;Time trial
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!Athlete
!Event
!Time
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Panfilov
|align=left|1 km time trial
|1:04.845
|
|}
Diving
;Men
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"
!rowspan=2|Athlete
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=2|Preliminary
!colspan=2|Final
!colspan=2|Total
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Points
!Rank
!Points
!Rank
!Points
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Kosenkov
|rowspan=3 align=left|3 m springboard
|558.90
|4 Q
|575.67
|4
|279.450
|5
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Portnov
|580.11
|2 Q
|614.97
|1
|905.025
|
|-
|align=left|Vyacheslav Troshin
|align=left|552.42
|7 Q
|543.84
|7
|820.050
|7
|-
|align=left|Vladimir Aleynik
|rowspan=3 align=left|10 m platform
|539.07
|2 Q
|550.17
|4
|819.705
|
|-
|align=left|David Hambartsumyan
|518.82
|4 Q
|558.03
|2
|817.440
|
|-
|align=left|Sergey Nemtsanov
|487.20
|8 Q
|532.26
|6
|775.860
|7
|}
;Women
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"
!rowspan=2|Athlete
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=2|Preliminary
!colspan=2|Final
!colspan=2|Total
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Points
!Rank
!Points
!Rank
!Points
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Irina Kalinina
|rowspan=3 align=left|3 m springboard
|478.86
|1 Q
|486.48
|1
|725.910
|
|-
|align=left|Irina Sidorova
|432.57
|5 Q
|433.98
|8
|650.265
|7
|-
| align="left" |Zhanna Tsiryulnikova
|454.35
|2 Q
|446.49
|5
|673.665
|4
|-
|align=left|Sirvard Emirzyan
|rowspan=3 align=left|10 m platform
|381.99
|1 Q
|385.47
|3
|576.465
|
|-
|align=left|Yelena Matyushenko
|351.00
|6 Q
|364.68
|4
|540.180
|5
|-
|align=left|Liana Tsotadze
|360.87
|2 Q
|395.49
|2
|575.925
|
|}
Equestrian
;Individual dressage
- Yuriy Kovshov → Silver medal
- Viktor Ugryumov → Bronze medal
- Vera Misevich → 4th place
;Team dressage
- Yuriy Kovshov, Viktor Ugryumov, Vera Misevich → Gold medal
;Individual eventing
- Aleksandr Blinov → Silver medal
- Yuri Salnikov → Bronze medal
- Valery Volkov → 4th place
- Sergey Rogozhin → 11th place
;Team eventing
- Aleksandr Blinov, Yuri Salnikov, Valery Volkov, Sergey Rogozhin → Gold medal
;Individual jumping
- Nikolai Korolkov → Silver medal
- Viktor Poganovsky → 5th place
- Vyacheslav Chukanov → 9th place
;Team jumping
- Nikolai Korolkov, Viktor Poganovsky, Vyacheslav Chukanov, Viktor Asmaev → Gold medal
Fencing
18 fencers, 13 men and 5 women, represented Soviet Union in 1980.
;Men's foil
- Volodymyr Smyrnov → Gold medal
- Aleksandr Romankov → Bronze medal
- Sabirzhan Ruziyev → 4th place
;Men's team foil
- Aleksandr Romankov, Volodymyr Smyrnov, Sabirzhan Ruziyev, Ashot Karagyan, Vladimir Lapitsky → Silver medal
;Men's épée
- Aleksandr Mozhayev → 5th place
- Boris Lukomsky → 7th place
- Aleksandr Abushakhmetov → 9th place
;Men's team épée
- Ashot Karagyan, Aleksandr Abushakhmetov, Aleksandr Mozhayev, Boris Lukomsky, Volodymyr Smyrnov → Bronze medal
;Men's sabre
- Viktor Krovopuskov → Gold medal
- Mikhail Burtsev → Silver medal
- Vladimir Nazlymov → 8th place
;Men's team sabre
- Viktor Sidyak, Vladimir Nazlymov, Viktor Krovopuskov, Mikhail Burtsev, Nikolay Alyokhin → Gold medal
;Women's foil
- Nailya Gilyazova → 9th place
- Yelena Novikova-Belova → 9th place
- Valentina Sidorova → 13th place
;Women's team foil
- Valentina Sidorova, Nailya Gilyazova, Yelena Novikova-Belova, Irina Ushakova, Larisa Tsagarayeva → Silver medal
Field hockey
;Summary
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Team
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=6|Preliminary round
!colspan=2|Final / /
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Rank
!Opposition<br>Score
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Soviet Union men's
|align=left|Men's tournament
| Spain<br>L 1–2
|<br>W 11–2
|<br>W 5–1
|<br>W 11–2
|<br>L 2–4
|3 q
|<br>W 2–1
|
|-
|align=left|Soviet Union women's
|align=left|Women's tournament
|<br>W 2–0
|<br>L 0–2
|<br>L 0–2
|<br>W 6–0
|<br>W 3–1
|
|colspan=2
|}
;Men's roster
:* Vladimir Pleshakov
:* Vyacheslav Lampeyev
:* Leonid Pavlovski
:* Sos Hayrapetyan
:* Farit Zigangirov
:* Valeri Belyakov
:* Sergei Klevtsov
:* Oleg Zagorodnev
:* Aleksandr Gusev
:* Sergei Pleshakov
:* Mikhail Nichepurenko
:* Minneula Azizov
:* Aleksandr Sychyov
:* Aleksandr Myasnikov
:* Viktor Deputatov
:* Aleksandr Goncharov
;Women's roster
:* Galina Inzhuvatova
:* Nelli Gorbatkova
:* Valentina Zazdravnykh
:* Nadezhda Ovechkina
:* Natella Krasnikova
:* Natalia Bykova
:* Lidiya Glubokova
:* Galina Vyuzhanina
:* Natalia Buzunova
:* Leyla Akhmerova
:* Nadezhda Filippova
:* Yelena Guryeva
:* Tatyana Yembakhtova
:* Tatyana Shvyganova
:* Alina Kham
:* Lyudmila Frolova
Football
;Summary
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Team
!colspan=4|Preliminary round
!Quarterfinals
!Semifinals
!colspan=2|Final /
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Rank
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Soviet Union men's
|<br>W 4–0
|<br>W 3–1
|<br>W 8–0
|1 Q
|<br>W 2–1
|<br>L 0–1
|<br>W 2–0
|
|}
Team roster
:* Rinat Dasayev
:* Tengiz Sulakvelidze
:* Aleksandre Chivadze
:* Vagiz Khidiyatullin
:* Oleg Romantsev
:* Sergey Shavlo
:* Sergey Andreyev
:* Volodymyr Bezsonov
:* Yuri Gavrilov
:* Fyodor Cherenkov
:* Valery Gazzaev
:* Vladimir Pilguy
:* Sergei Baltacha
:* Sergei Nikulin
:* Khoren Oganesian
:* Aleksandr Prokopenko
:* Revaz Chelebadze
Gymnastics
;Men
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Athlete
! colspan=2 rowspan=2 |Event
!colspan=6|Apparatus
!rowspan=2|Total
!rowspan=2|Rank
|- style="font-size:95%"
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
|rowspan=7 align=left|Nikolai Andrianov
|rowspan=3 align=left|Qualification
|
|9.90
|9.75
|9.80
|9.90
|9.80
|9.80
|rowspan=3|59.075
|rowspan=3|2 Q
|-
|
|9.85
|9.85
|9.85
|9.90
|9.90
|9.85
|-
|Total
|9.875 Q
|9.800
|9.825
|9.900 Q
|9.850
|9.825 Q
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|All-around
|9.800
|9.900
|9.950
|10.000
|9.850
|9.950
|118.225
|
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Floor
|9.850
|colspan=5
|19.725
|
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Vault
|colspan=3
|9.925
|colspan=2
|19.825
|
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Horizontal bar
|colspan=5
|9.850
|19.675
|
|-
|rowspan=3 align=left|Eduard Azaryan
|rowspan=3 align=left|Qualification
|
|9.75
|9.80
|9.75
|9.75
|9.65
|9.75
|rowspan=3|58.700
|rowspan=3|4
|-
|
|9.80
|9.90
|9.85
|9.85
|9.75
|9.80
|-
|Total
|9.775
|9.850
|9.800
|9.800
|9.700
|9.775
|-
|rowspan=10 align=left|Alexander Dityatin
|rowspan=3 align=left|Qualification
|
|9.80
|9.90
|9.90
|9.85
|9.80
|9.80
|rowspan=3|59.200
|rowspan=3|1 Q
|-
|
|9.80
|9.90
|9.95
|9.90
|9.90
|9.90
|-
|Total
|9.800 Q
|9.900 Q
|9.925 Q
|9.875 Q
|9.850 Q
|9.850 Q
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|All-around
|9.800
|9.900
|9.950
|10.000
|9.850
|9.950
|118.650
|
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Floor
|9.900
|colspan=5
|19.700
|
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Pommel horse
|
|9.900
|colspan="4"
|19.800
|
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Rings
|colspan=2
|9.950
|colspan=3
|19.875
|
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Vault
|colspan=3
|9.925
|colspan=2
|19.800
|
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Parallel bars
|colspan="4"
|9.900
|
|19.750
|
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Horizontal bar
|colspan=5
|9.900
|19.750
|
|-
|rowspan=3 align=left|Bohdan Makuts
|rowspan=3 align=left|Qualification
|
|9.75
|9.70
|9.55
|9.90
|9.60
|9.65
|rowspan=3|58.475
|rowspan=3|6
|-
|
|9.80
|9.75
|9.80
|9.85
|9.90
|9.70
|-
|Total
|9.775
|9.725
|9.675
|9.875
|9.750
|9.675
|-
|-
|rowspan=3 align=left|Vladimir Markelov
|rowspan=3 align=left|Qualification
|
|9.70
|9.80
|9.65
|9.80
|9.10
|9.75
|rowspan=3|57.800
|rowspan=3|9
|-
|
|9.70
|9.80
|9.85
|9.60
|9.80
|9.85
|-
|Total
|9.700
|9.800
|9.750
|9.700
|9.450
|9.800
|-
|rowspan=7 align=left|Aleksandr Tkachyov
|rowspan=3 align=left|Qualification
|
|9.60
|9.90
|9.80
|9.90
|9.85
|9.10
|rowspan=3|58.700
|rowspan=3|4 Q
|-
|
|9.90
|9.85
|9.85
|9.80
|9.90
|9.95
|-
|Total
|9.750
|9.875 Q
|9.825 Q
|9.850
|9.875 Q
|9.525
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|All-around
|9.550
|9.800
|9.850
|9.900
|9.900
|10.000
|117.700
|4
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Pommel horse
|
|9.600
|colspan="4"
|19.475
|5
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Rings
|colspan=2
|9.900
|colspan=3
|19.725
|
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Parallel bars
|colspan=4
|9.900
|
|19.775
|
|-
|align=left|Nikolai Andrianov<br>Eduard Azaryan<br>Alexander Dityatin<br>Bogdan Makuts<br>Vladimir Markelov<br>Aleksandr Tkachyov
|colspan=2 align=left|Team all-around
|98.05
|98.45
|98.25
|98.65
|98.10
|98.10
|589.60
|
|}
;Women
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Athlete
!colspan=2 rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=4|Apparatus
!rowspan=2|Total
!rowspan=2|Rank
|- style="font-size:95%"
!
!
!
!
|-
|rowspan=6 align=left|Yelena Davydova
|rowspan=3 align=left|Qualification
|
|9.90
|9.80
|9.90
|9.80
|rowspan=3|39.500
|rowspan=3|5 Q
|-
|
|9.90
|9.90
|9.80
|10.00
|-
|Total
|9.900 Q
|9.850
|9.850 Q
|9.900
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|All-around
|9.900
|9.950
|9.850
|9.950
|79.150
|
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Vault
|9.675
|colspan=3
|19.575
|4
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Balance beam
|colspan=2
|9.900
|
|19.750
|
|-
|rowspan=3 align=left|Maria Filatova
|rowspan=3 align=left|Qualification
|
|9.90
|9.85
|9.90
|9.80
|rowspan=3|39.400
|rowspan=3|7
|-
|
|9.80
|9.90
|9.70
|9.95
|-
|Total
|9.850
|9.875
|9.80
|9.875
|-
|rowspan=6 align=left|Nellie Kim
|rowspan=3 align=left|Qualification
|
|9.90
|9.90
|9.90
|9.90
|rowspan=3|39.475
|rowspan=3|6 Q
|-
|
|9.75
|9.85
|9.80
|9.95
|-
|Total
|9.825
|9.875 Q
|9.850
|9.925 Q
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|All-around
|9.700
|9.850
|9.950
|9.450
|78.425
|5
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Uneven bars
|
|9.850
|colspan=2
|19.725
|6
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Floor
|colspan=3
|9.950
|19.875
|
|-
|rowspan=3 align=left|Yelena Naimushina
|rowspan=3 align=left|Qualification
|
|9.85
|9.75
|9.80
|9.85
|rowspan=3|39.200
|rowspan=3|12
|-
|
|9.60
|9.75
|9.85
|9.95
|-
|Total
|9.725
|9.750
|9.825
|9.900
|-
|rowspan=6 align=left|Natalia Shaposhnikova
|rowspan=3 align=left|Qualification
|
|10.00
|9.95
|9.95
|9.95
|rowspan=3|39.575
|rowspan=3|2 Q
|-
|
|9.80
|9.80
|9.80
|9.90
|-
|Total
|9.900 Q
|9.875
|9.875 Q
|9.925
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|All-around
|9.900
|9.900
|9.900
|9.750
|79.025
|4
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Vault
|9.825
|colspan=3
|19.725
|
|-
|colspan=2 align=left|Balance beam
|colspan=2
|9.850
|
|19.725
|
|-
|rowspan=3 align=left|Stella Zakharova
|rowspan=3 align=left|Qualification
|
|9.90
|9.90
|9.80
|9.80
|rowspan=3|39.375
|rowspan=3|8
|-
|
|9.75
|9.80
|9.90
|9.90
|-
|Total
|9.825
|9.850
|9.850
|9.850
|-
|align=left|Yelena Davydova<br>Maria Filatova<br>Nellie Kim<br>Yelena Naimushina<br>Natalia Shaposhnikova<br>Stella Zakharova
|colspan=2 align=left|Team all-around
|98.600
|98.650
|98.600
|99.050
|394.900
|
|}
Handball
;Summary
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Team
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=6|Preliminary round
!colspan=2|Final / /
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Rank
!Opposition<br>Score
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Soviet Union men's
|align=left|Men's tournament
| Switzerland<br>W 22–15
|<br>W 38–11
|<br>W 33–10
|<br>L 19–22
|<br>W 22–17
|1 Q
|<br>L 22–23 (OT)
|
|-
|align=left|Soviet Union women's
|align=left|Women's tournament
|<br>W 30–11
|<br>W 17–7
|<br>W 16–12
|<br>W 18–9
|<br>W 18–13
|
|colspan=2
|}
;Men's roster
:* Mykhaylo Ishchenko
:* Mykola Tomyn
:* Aleksandr Anpilogov
:* Vladimir Belov
:* Yevgeni Chernyshov
:* Anatoli Fedyukin
:* Aleksandr Karshakevich
:* Yury Kidyayev
:* Vladimir Kravtsov
:* Serhiy Kushniryuk
:* Viktor Makhorin
:* Voldemaras Novickis
:* Vladimir Repyev
:* Aleksey Zhuk
;Women's roster
:* Nataliya Tymoshkina
:* Larysa Karlova
:* Tetyana Kocherhina
:* Valentyna Lutayeva
:* Aldona Nenėnienė
:* Lyubov Odynokova
:* Iryna Palchykova
:* Zinaida Turchyna
:* Lyudmila Poradnyk
:* Yuliya Safina
:* Sigita Strečen
:* Olha Zubaryeva
:* Larisa Savkina
:* Natalya Lukyanenko
Judo
Extra lightweight (60 kg)
- Aramby Emizh → Bronze medal
Half lightweight (65 kg)
- Nikolai Solodukhin → Gold medal
Lightweight (71 kg)
- Tamaz Namgalauri → 12th place
Half middleweight (78 kg)
- Shota Khabareli → Gold medal
Middleweight (86 kg)
- Aleksandrs Jackēvičs → Bronze medal
Half heavyweight (95 kg)
- Tengiz Khubuluri → Silver medal
Heavyweight (+95 kg)
- Vitaly Kuznetsov → 10th place
Open category
- Serhiy Novikov → 5 place
Modern pentathlon
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-style="font-size:95%"
!rowspan=2|Athlete
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=4|Riding
!colspan=3|Fencing<br>(épée one touch)
!colspan=3|Shooting<br>(10 m air pistol)
!colspan=3|Swimming<br>(300 m freestyle)
!colspan=3|Running
!rowspan=2|Total<br>points
!rowspan=2|Final<br>rank
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Time
!Penalties
!Rank
!MP<br>Points
!Results
!Rank
!MP<br>Points
!Points
!Rank
!MP<br>Points
!Time
!Rank
!MP<br>Points
!Time
!Rank
!MP<br>Points
|-align=center
|align="left|Pavel Lednyov
|rowspan=3 align=left|Individual
|2:01.8
|74
|21
|1026
|30–12
|=2
|1026
|195
|=13
|1022
|3:41.494
|31
|1104
|13:07.7
|4
|1204
|5382
|
|-align=center
|align=left|Yevgeny Lipeyev
|1:59.0
|0
|5
|1100
|24–18
|=11
|870
|186
|=40
|824
|3:25.358
|7
|1232
|13:25.2
|10
|1150
|5176
|14
|-align=center
|align=left|Anatoly Starostin
|2:00.9
|32
|13
|1068
|29–13
|=4
|1000
|199
|2
|1110
|3:27.418
|10
|1216
|13:17.2
|8
|1174
|5568
|
|-align=center
|align=left|Pavel Lednyov<br>Yevgeny Lipeyev<br>Anatoly Starostin
|align=left|Team
|
| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
|16126
|
|}
Rowing
The Soviet Union had 30 male and 24 female rowers participate in all 14 rowing events in 1980.
;Men
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"
|-
!rowspan=2|Athlete
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=2|Heats
!colspan=2|Repechage
!colspan=2|Semifinals
!colspan=2|Final
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Time
!Rank
!Time
!Rank
!Time
!Rank
!Time
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Vasil Yakusha
|align=left|Single sculls
|7:47.15
|1 Q
|colspan=2
|7:15.14
|2 FA
|7:11.66
|
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Fomchenko<br>Yevgeniy Duleyev
|align=left|Double sculls
|7:07.12
|3 R
|6:37.77
|1 FA
|colspan=2
|6:35.34
|5
|-
|align=left|Yuriy Pimenov<br>Nikolay Pimenov
|align=left|Coxless pair
|7:25.09
|1 Q
|colspan=2
|6:52.11
|1 FA
|6:50.50
|
|-
|align=left|Viktor Pereverzev<br>Gennadi Kryuçkin<br>Aleksandr Lukyanov
|align=left|oxed pair
|7:38.49
|2 R
|7:15.38
|1 FA
|colspan=2
|7:03.35
|
|-
|align=left|Yuriy Shapochka<br>Evgeni Barbakov<br>Valeri Kleshnyov<br>Mykola Dovhan
|align=left|Quadruple sculls
|6:14.67
|4 R
|5:57.82
|1 FA
|colspan=2
|5:51.47
|
|-
|align=left|Aleksey Kamkin<br>Valeriy Dolinin<br>Aleksandr Kulagin<br>Vitali Eliseev
|align=left|Coxless four
|6:31.71
|1 FA
|colspan=2
|colspan=2
|6:11.81
|
|-
|align=left|Artūrs Garonskis<br>Dimants Krišjānis<br>Dzintars Krišjānis<br>Žoržs Tikmers<br>Juris Bērziņš
|align=left|Coxed four
|6:50.29
|3 R
|6:28.14
|1 FA
|colspan=2
|6:19.05
|
|-
|align=left|Viktor Kokoshyn<br>Andriy Tishchenko<br>Oleksandr Tkachenko<br>Jonas Pinskus<br>Jonas Narmontas<br>Andrey Luhin<br>Oleksandr Mantsevych<br>Ihar Maystrenka<br>Hryhoriy Dmytrenko
|align=left|Eight
|5:50.76
|1 FA
|colspan=2
|colspan=2
|5:52.66
|
|}
;Women
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"
|-
!rowspan=2|Athlete
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=2|Heats
!colspan=2|Repechage
!colspan=2|Semifinals
!colspan=2|Final
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Time
!Rank
!Time
!Rank
!Time
!Rank
!Time
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Antonina Makhina
|align=left|Single sculls
|4:13.39
|3 R
|3:54.10
|1 Q
|3:43.68
|2 FA
|3:47.22
|
|-
|align=left|Yelena Khloptseva<br>Larisa Popova
|align=left|Double sculls
|3:25.51
|1 FA
|colspan=2
|colspan=2
|3:16.27
|
|-
|align=left|Larisa Zavarzina<br>Galina Stepanova
|align=left|Coxless pair
|3:55.08
|1 FA
|colspan=2
|colspan=2
|4:12.53
|5
|-
|align=left|Antonina Pustovit<br>Yelena Matiyevskaya<br>Olga Vasilchenko<br>Nadezhda Lyubimova<br>Nina Cheremisina<br>Nataliya Kazak
|align=left|Quadruple sculls
|3:16.76
|2 R
|3:19.88
|2 FA
|colspan=2
|3:15.73
|
|-
|align=left|Mariya Fadeyeva<br>Galina Sovetnikova<br>Marina Studneva<br>Svetlana Semyonova<br>Nina Cheremisina<br>Nataliya Kazak
|align=left|Coxed four
|3:28.72
|2 R
|3:21.51
|1 FA
|colspan=2
|3:20.92
|
|-
|align=left|Nina Frolova<br>Maria Paziun<br>Olga Pivovarova<br>Nina Preobrazhenskaya<br>Nadezhda Prishchepa<br>Tatyana Stetsenko<br>Elena Tereshina<br>Nina Umanets<br>Valentina Zhulina
|align=left|Eight
|3:11.72
|1 FA
| colspan=2
|colspan=2
|3:04.29
|
|}
Sailing
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
!rowspan=3|Athlete
!rowspan=3|Event
!colspan=14|Race
!rowspan=3|Net points
!rowspan=3|Final rank
|-
!colspan=2|1
!colspan=2|2
!colspan=2|3
!colspan=2|4
!colspan=2|5
!colspan=2|6
!colspan=2|7
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Rank
!Points
!Rank
!Points
!Rank
!Points
!Rank
!Points
!Rank
!Points
!Rank
!Points
!Rank
!Points
|-
|align=left|Vladimir Ignatenko<br>Sergei Ždanov
|align=left|470
|8
|14.0
|4
|8.0
|9
|15.0
|8
|14.0
|2
|3.0
|<s>DSQ</s>
|<s>22.0</s>
|8
|14.0
|68.0
|10
|-
|align=left|Andrey Balashov
|align=left|Finn
|6
|11.7
|14
|20.0
|3
|5.7
|1
|0.0
|5
|10.0
|<s>16</s>
|<s>22.0</s>
|1
|0.0
|47.4
|
|-
|align=left|Vladimir Leontiev<br>Valeri Zubanov
|align=left|Flying Dutchman
|6
|11.7
|7
|13.0
|1
|0.0
|1
|0.0
|8
|14.0
|7
|13.0
|<s>9</s>
|<s>15.0</s>
|51.7
|5
|-
|align=left|Boris Budnikov<br>Aleksandr Budnikov<br>Nikolay Polyakov
|align=left|Soling
|3
|5.7
|<s>8</s>
|<s>14.0</s>
|3
|5.7
|2
|3.0
|5
|10.0
|2
|3.0
|2
|3.0
|30.4
|
|-
|align=left|Valentin Mankin<br>Aleksandr Muzychenko
|align=left|Star
|2
|3.0
|1
|0.0
|1
|0.0
|5
|10.0
|1
|0.0
|6
|11.7
|<s>7</s>
|<s>13.0</s>
|24.7
|
|-
|align=left|Viktor Potapov<br>Aleksandr Zybin
|align=left|Tornado
|<s>6</s>
|<s>11.7</s>
|3
|5.7
|5
|10.0
|4
|8.0
|3
|5.7
|3
|5.7
|1
|0.0
|35.1
|4
|}
Shooting
;Open
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"
|-
!rowspan=2|Athlete
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=2|Final
|-
!Score
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Asanov
|align=left|Trap
|195
|6
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Bulkin
|align=left|50 m rifle prone
|596
|11
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Gazov
|align=left|50 m running target
|587
|
|-
|align=left|Tamaz Imnaishvili
|align=left|Skeet
|195
|9
|-
|align=left|Afanasijs Kuzmins
|align=left|25 m rapid fire pistol
|595
|6
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Mastyanin
|align=left|50 m rifle prone
|597
|6
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Melentyev
|align=left|50 m free pistol
|581
|
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Mitrofanov
|align=left|50 m rifle three positions
|1164
|5
|-
|align=left|Sergei Pyzhianov
|align=left|50 m free pistol
|564
|6
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Sokolov
|align=left|Skeet
|194
|11
|-
|align=left|Igor Sokolov
|align=left|50 m running target
|589
|
|-
|align=left|Vladas Turla
|align=left|25 m rapid fire pistol
|595
|4
|-
|align=left|Viktor Vlasov
|align=left|50 m rifle three positions
|1173
|
|-
|align=left|Rustam Yambulatov
|align=left|Trap
|196 (+24 +25)
|
|}
Swimming
;Men
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Athlete
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=2|Heat
!colspan=2|Semifinal
!colspan=2|Final
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Time
!Rank
!Time
!Rank
!Time
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Buchenkov
|align=left|200 m butterfly
|2:03.98
|10
|colspan=2
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Chayev
|align=left|1500 m freestyle
|15:20.68
|3 Q
|colspan=2
|15:14.30
|
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Vladimir Dolgov
|align=left|100 m backstroke
|57.87
|2 Q
|58.04
|7 Q
|57.63
|
|-
|align=left|200 m backstroke
|2:05.11
|9
|colspan=2
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Fedorovsky
|align=left|100 m breaststroke
|1:03.86
|2 Q
|colspan=2
|1:04.00
|4
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Sergey Fesenko
|align=left|200 m butterfly
|2:00.20
|1 Q
|colspan=2
|1:59.76
|
|-
|400 m individual medley
|4:28.18
|5 Q
|colspan=2
|4:23.43
|
|-
|align=left|Mikhail Gorelik
|align=left|200 m butterfly
|2:03.15
|8 Q
|colspan=2
|2:02.44
|5
|-
|align=left|Sergei Kiselyov
|align=left|100 m butterfly
|56.56
|13 Q
|56.52
|13
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|align=left rowspan=2|Sergey Koplyakov
|align=left|100 m freestyle
|52.08
|5 Q
|51.51
|4 Q
|51.34
|4
|-
|align=left|200 m freestyle
|1:51.04
|1 Q
|colspan=2
|1:49.91
|
|-
|align=left|Sergey Krasyuk
|align=left|100 m freestyle
|52.08
|5 Q
|51.81
|6 Q
|51.80
|6
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Andrey Krylov
|align=left|200 m freestyle
|1:51.21
|2 Q
|colspan=2
|1:50.76
|
|-
|align=left|400 m freestyle
|3:54.79
|2 Q
|colspan=2
|3:53.24
|
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Viktor Kuznetsov
|align=left|100 m backstroke
|58.47
|12 Q
|56.75
|1 Q
|56.99
|
|-
|align=left|200 m backstroke
|2:05.14
|11
|colspan=2
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|align=left|Aleksey Markovsky
|align=left|100 m butterfly
|56.45
|12 Q
|55.69
|8 Q
|55.70
|8
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Arsens Miskarovs
|align=left|100 m breaststroke
|1:04.06
|3 Q
|colspan=2
|1:03.82
|
|-
|align=left|200 m breaststroke
|2:19.57
|2 Q
|colspan=2
|2:17.28
|
|-
|align=left|Eduard Petrov
|align=left|1500 m freestyle
|15:32.32
|8 Q
|colspan=2
|15:28.24
|8
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Vladimir Salnikov
|align=left|400 m freestyle
|3:54.54
|1 Q
|colspan=2
|3:51.31
|
|-
|align=left|1500 m freestyle
|15:08.25
|1 Q
|colspan=2
|14:58.27
|
|-
|align=left|Yevgeny Seredin
|align=left|100 m butterfly
|55.83
|4 Q
|55.62
|5 Q
|55.35
|5
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Sidorenko
|align=left|400 m individual medley
|4:28.02
|4 Q
|colspan=2
|4:22.89
|
|-
|rowspan=3 align=left|Vladimir Shemetov
|align=left|100 m backstroke
|59.01
|18
|colspan=4|Did not advance
|-
|align=left|200 m backstroke
|2:04.20
|4 Q
|colspan=2
|2:03.48
|4
|-
|align=left|400 m individual medley
|4:34.01
|15
|colspan=2
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|align=left|Sergey Smiryagin
|align=left|100 m freestyle
|52.21
|10 Q
|52.18
|11
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Ivar Stukolkin
|align=left|200 m freestyle
|1:53.44
|12
|colspan=2
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|align=left|400 m freestyle
|3:56.60
|5 Q
|colspan=2
|3:53.95
|
|-
|align=left|Gennady Utenkov
|align=left|200 m breaststroke
|2:21.17
|5 Q
|colspan=2
|2:19.64
|4
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Robertas Žulpa
|align=left|100 m breaststroke
|1:06.23
|13
|colspan=2
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|align=left|200 m breaststroke
|2:17.83
|1 Q
|colspan=2
|2:15.85
|
|-
|align=left|Sergey Kopliakov<br>Vladimir Salnikov<br>Ivar Stukolkin<br>Andrey Krylov<br>Sergey Rusin*<br>Sergey Krasyuk*<br>Yuri Presekin*
|align=left|4 × 200 m freestyle relay
|7:29.39
|1 Q
|colspan=2
|7:23.50
|
|-
|align=left|Viktor Kuznetsov<br>Arsens Miskarovs<br>Yevgeny Seredin<br>Sergey Kopliakov<br>Vladimir Shemetov*<br>Aleksandr Fedorovsky*<br>Aleksey Markovsky*<br>Sergey Krasyuk*
|align=left|4 × 100 m medley relay
|3:48.83
|1 Q
|colspan=2
|3:45.92
|
|}
;Women
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Athlete
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=2|Heat
!colspan=2|Final
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Time
!Rank
!Time
!Rank
|-
|rowspan=3 align=left|Irina Aksyonova
|align=left|200 m freestyle
|2:03.63
|7 Q
|2:04.00
|8
|-
|align=left|400 m freestyle
|4:14.39
|5 Q
|4:14.40
|5
|-
|align=left|800 m freestyle
|8:44.42
|4 Q
|8:38.05
|4
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Yuliya Bogdanova
|align=left|100 m breaststroke
|1:15.04
|16
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|align=left|200 m breaststroke
|2:33.45
|4 Q
|2:32.39
|
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Larisa Gorchakova
|align=left|100 m backstroke
|1:03.82
|5 Q
|1:03.87
|6
|-
|align=left|200 m backstroke
|2:16.68
|7 Q
|2:17.72
|8
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Alla Grishchenkova
|align=left|100 m butterfly
|1:04.10
|15
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|align=left|200 m butterfly
|2:16.01
|7 Q
|2:15.70
|8
|-
|align=left|Yelena Ivanova
|align=left|800 m freestyle
|8:47.33
|8 Q
|8:46.45
|8
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Lina Kačiušytė
|align=left|100 m breaststroke
|1:12.71
|7 Q
|1:12.21
|7
|-
|align=left|200 m breaststroke
|2:33.04
|3 Q
|2:29.54
|
|-
|rowspan=4 align=left|Olga Klevakina
|align=left|100 m freestyle
|57.62
|6 Q
|57.40
|4
|-
|align=left|200 m freestyle
|2:02.36
|4 Q
|2:02.29
|4
|-
|align=left|400 m freestyle
|4:18.13
|8 Q
|4:19.18
|8
|-
|align=left|400 m individual medley
|4:55.99
|7 Q
|4:50.91
|7
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Oksana Komissarova
|align=left|400 m freestyle
|4:18.61
|9
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|align=left|800 m freestyle
|8:45.80
|6 Q
|8:42.04
|5
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Yelena Kruglova
|align=left|100 m backstroke
|1:04.63
|11
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|align=left|200 m backstroke
|2:22.41
|15
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Larisa Polivoda
|align=left|100 m butterfly
|1:04.50
|18
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|align=left|200 m butterfly
|2:17.99
|13
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|rowspan=2 align=left|Natalya Strunnikova
|align=left|100 m freestyle
|57.43
|4 Q
|57.83
|6
|-
|align=left|200 m freestyle
|2:03.36
|6 Q
|2:03.74
|7
|-
|align=left|Larisa Tsaryova
|align=left|100 m freestyle
|59.12
|15
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|align=left|Svetlana Varganova
|align=left|200 m breaststroke
|2:29.77
|1 Q
|2:29.61
|
|-
|align=left|Elvira Vasilkova
|align=left|100 m breaststroke
|1:11.03
|2 Q
|1:10.41
|
|-
|align=left|Irina Gerasimova<br>Natalya Strunnikova<br>Larisa Tsaryova<br>Olga Klevakina
|align=left|4 × 100 m freestyle relay
|colspan=2|DSQ
|colspan=2|Did not advance
|-
|align=left|Yelena Kruglova<br>Elvira Vasilkova<br>Alla Grishchenkova<br>Natalya Strunnikova<br>Irina Aksyonova*<br>Olga Klevakina*
|align=left|4 × 100 m medley relay
|4:16.46
|3 Q
|4:13.61
|
|}
Volleyball
;Summary
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Team
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=5|Preliminary round
!Semifinals /
!colspan=2|Final / /
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Rank
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Soviet Union men's
|align=left|Men's tournament
|<br>W 3–1
| Italy<br>W 3–0
|<br>W 3–0
|<br>W 3–0
|1 Q
|<br>W 3–0
|<br>W 3–1
|
|-
|align=left|Soviet Union women's
|align=left|Women's tournament
|<br>W 3–1
|<br>W 3–1
|<br>W 3–0
|
|1 Q
|<br>W 3–0
|<br>W 3–1
|
|}
;Men's roster
:* Yury Panchenko
:* Vyacheslav Zaytsev
:* Aleksandr Savin
:* Vladimir Dorokhov
:* Aleksandr Yermilov
:* Valeriy Kryvov
:* Pāvels Seļivanovs
:* Oleg Moliboga
:* Vladimir Kondra
:* Vladimir Chernyshov
:* Fedir Lashchonov
:* Viljar Loor
;Women's roster
:* Nadezhda Radzevich
:* Nataliya Razumova
:* Olga Solovova
:* Yelena Akhaminova
:* Larisa Pavlova
:* Yelena Andreyuk
:* Irina Makogonova
:* Lyubov Kozyreva
:* Svetlana Nikishina
:* Lyudmila Chernyshyova
:* Svetlana Badulina
:* Lidiya Loginova
Water polo
;Summary
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Team
!colspan=4|Preliminary round
!colspan=6|Final round
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Rank
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Opposition<br>Score
!Rank
|-align=center
|align=left|Soviet Union men's
| Italy<br>W 8–6
| Spain<br>W 4–3
|<br>W 12–1
|1 Q
|<br>W 5–4
| Spain<br>W 6–2
|<br>W 8–5
| Netherlands<br>W 7–3
|<br>W 8–7
|
|}
;Team roster
:* Evgeni Sharonov
:* Sergei Kotenko
:* Vladimir Akimov
:* Yevgeny Grishin
:* Mait Riisman
:* Aleksandr Kabanov
:* Aleksei Barkalov
:* Erkin Shagaev
:* Georgi Mshvenieradze
:* Mikhail Ivanov
:* Viacheslav Sobchenko
Weightlifting
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan=2|Athlete
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=2|Snatch
!colspan=2|Clean & Jerk
!rowspan=2|Total
!rowspan=2|Rank
|-style="font-size:95%"
!Result
!Rank
!Result
!Rank
|-
|align=left|Kanybek Osmonaliyev
|align=left|52 kg
|107.5
|4
|137.5
|1
|245.0
|
|-
|align=left|Yurik Sarkisyan
|align=left|56 kg
|112.5
|6
|157.5
|1
|270.0
|
|-
|align=left|Viktor Mazin
|align=left|60 kg
|130.0
|1
|160.0
|2
|290.0
|
|-
|align=left|Aleksandr Pervi
|align=left|75 kg
|157.5
|3
|200.0
|1
|357.5
|
|-
|align=left|Yurik Vardanyan
|align=left|82.5 kg
|177.5
|1
|222.5
|1
|400.0
|
|-
|align=left|David Rigert
|align=left|90 kg
|—
|—
|—
|—
|—
|—
|-
|align=left|Igor Nikitin
|align=left|100 kg
|177.5
|2
|215.0
|3
|392.5
|
|-
|align=left|Leonid Taranenko
|align=left|110 kg
|182.5
|2
|240.0
|1
|422.5
|
|-
|align=left|Vasily Alekseyev
|rowspan=2 align=left|+110 kg
|—
|—
|—
|—
|—
|—
|-
|align=left|Sultan Rakhmanov
|195.0
|1
|245.0
|1
|440.0
|
|}
Wrestling
Medals by republic
In the following table for team events number of team representatives, who received medals are counted, not "one medal for all the team", as usual. Because there were people from different republics in one team.