Sergei Petrovich Novikov (Russian: Серге́й Петро́вич Но́виков ; 20 March 19386 June 2024) was a Soviet and Russian mathematician, noted for work in both algebraic topology and soliton theory. He became the first Soviet mathematician to receive the Fields Medal in 1970.
Biography
Novikov was born on 20 March 1938 in Gorky, Soviet Union (now Nizhny Novgorod, Russia). In 1964, he received the Moscow Mathematical Society Award for young mathematicians In 1965, he defended a dissertation for the Doctor of Science in Physics and Mathematics degree there.
Career
In 1966, Novikov became a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union.
Novikov also carried out important research in geometric topology, being one of the pioneers with William Browder, Dennis Sullivan, and C. T. C. Wall of the surgery theory method for classifying high-dimensional manifolds. He proved the topological invariance of the rational Pontryagin classes, and posed the Novikov conjecture. From about 1971, he moved to work in the field of isospectral flows, with connections to the theory of theta functions. Novikov's conjecture about the Riemann–Schottky problem (characterizing principally polarized abelian varieties that are the Jacobian of some algebraic curve) stated, essentially, that this was the case if and only if the corresponding theta function provided a solution to the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation of soliton theory. This was proved by Takahiro Shiota (1986), following earlier work by Enrico Arbarello and Corrado de Concini (1984), and by Motohico Mulase (1984).
Awards and honours
In 1967, Novikov received the Lenin Prize. He is one of just eleven mathematicians who received both the Fields Medal and the Wolf Prize. In 2020, he received the Lomonosov Gold Medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
In 1981, he was elected a full member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Russian Academy of Sciences since 1991).
He received honorary doctorates from the University of Athens (1988) and University of Tel Aviv (1999).