Saud bin Faisal Al Saud (), also known as Saud Al Faisal (, Suʿūd Āl Fayṣal; 2 January 1940 – 9 July 2015), was a Saudi Arabian statesman and diplomat who served as the foreign minister of Saudi Arabia from 1975 to 2015. He was a member of the Saudi royal family, a son of King Faisal, and one of the grandsons of Saudi Arabia's founder King Abdulaziz.

Early life, education and early career

thumb|left|[[Faisal of Saudi Arabia|King Faisal, father of Saud]]

thumb|Prince Saud with his brother [[Prince Turki bin Faisal, early-mid 1960s]]

Saud bin Faisal was born in Taif on 2 January 1940. He was the second son of King Faisal and Iffat Al-Thunayan who was born to a Turkish family. He was the full brother of Sara bint Faisal, Mohammed bin Faisal, Latifa bint Faisal, Abdul Rahman bin Faisal, Bandar bin Faisal, Turki bin Faisal, Luluwah bint Faisal, and Haifa bint Faisal.

Prince Saud attended the Hun School of Princeton and graduated from Princeton University in 1964 with a bachelor of arts in economics. In 2007, he told Ford Fraker, then US ambassador to Saudi Arabia, that during his studies at Princeton, he would like to leave the university and to return to the country. However, his father, Faisal, came to the campus and persuaded him to complete his education. Prince Saud served in this post at the oil ministry until 1975 when he was appointed as state minister for foreign affairs.

Foreign minister

On 13 October 1975, King Khalid appointed Prince Saud as foreign minister. He was relieved from the post on 29 April 2015 due to health problems and was replaced by Adel al-Jubeir, a former Saudi ambassador to the United States.

Timeline

Prince Saud was well regarded in the diplomatic community.

In 1978 and also in 1985, Prince Saud raised awareness in Britain of Soviet activity in the Horn of Africa. In May 1985, he officially visited Iran and meetings were focused on the annual pilgrimage of Iranians to Mecca. He asked Condoleezza Rice to focus on "key substantive issues" of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. He complained that US banks were auditing Saudi Embassy banks illegally. He asserted that auditors were "inappropriate and aggressive". He also declared that the Saudi Embassy has diplomatic immunity.

Prince Saud said in 2004 that Saudi Arabia would like to reduce its dependence on U.S.-dominated security arrangements. In July 2004, he claimed the real source of problems in the Middle East were not Muslims but "injustice and deprivation inflicted in the region". In August 2007, he denied allegations that terrorists were travelling from Saudi Arabia to Iraq and claimed it was vice versa.

thumb|upright|left|Prince Saud speaking at the [[United Nations General Assembly in 1987|200px]]

On 10 March 2006, he met with Hamas leaders in Riyadh. In July 2006, he urged U.S. President George W. Bush to call for a ceasefire in the Lebanon bombing. In January 2008, he supported parliamentary elections in Pakistan. He indicated that Pakistan did not need "overt, external interference" to solve political division. He commended Nawaz Sharif as a stable bipartisan candidate.

In February 2010, he told General Jones to distinguish between friends and enemies in Pakistan rather than using indiscriminate military action. He insisted that Pakistan's army must maintain its credibility. In November 2010, he led the Saudi delegation at the G-20 Summit.

In January 2011, he withdrew out of mediation efforts to reinstate a government in Lebanon. In March 2011, he went to Europe to rally support for Saudi Arabia's intervention in Bahrain.

After the U.S. Gulf Cooperation Council forum at the GCC secretariat in Riyadh on 31 March 2012, he said it was a "duty" to arm the Syrian opposition and help them defend themselves against the daily bloody crackdown by forces loyal to President Bashar al-Assad. Commenting on the fragile security situation, Prince Saud noted that: "One of the most important causes is the continuation of the unresolved conflict as well as the continuation of the Israeli aggression policy against the Palestinians. "We have discussed, in the meeting, many issues, especially the heinous massacre against the Syrian people. We also discussed the latest developments in Yemen, and reviewed the overall developments and political situation in the Persian Gulf region, the Middle East and North Africa, as well as their repercussions on the security and stability of the region and the world," Prince Saud said.

Iran and Lebanon

Rather than military action on Iran, Saud Al Faisal called for tougher sanctions such as travel bans and further bank lending restrictions. He stated that U.S. foreign policy has tilted more power for Iran. He compared the Iranian influence in Iraq with Iranian influence in Lebanon. He commended positive developments by Iran such as its influence over Hezbollah to end street protests.

In early 2011, he expressed fear of the "dangerous" instability in Lebanon after the fall of the government led by Saad Hariri. He also stated that Lebanon's ability to establish peaceful coexistence with so many different groups may be a significant loss in the Arab world if the nation failed in creating a government.

Other governmental activities

Starting in 1998, under the reign of King Fahd, Saud bin Faisal and the then Crown Prince Abdullah managed the energy sector through a committee of technocrats and princes. More specifically, Prince Saud was appointed chairman of the Saudi Aramco's committee charged with the project assessment in September 1999.

On 20 November 2009, King Abdullah appointed Prince Saud as the chairman of the influential supreme economic council of Saudi Arabia. Prince Saud was also a member of the military service council.

Views

Saudi foreign policy was designed by the King, not by the foreign minister.

He was more resistant to Israeli proposals than King Fahd.

In the Saudi royal court, his relationship with King Fahd was strained, He was among the Saudi officials who worked to improve Saudi Arabia's international image and maintain its strong relationship with the United States after the September 11 attacks.

Personal life

thumb|right|upright|Prince Saud in his early 20s|250px

Prince Saud was married to his cousin Jawhara bint Abdullah bin Abdul Rahman, His sons are Mohammad, Khaled and Fahd, and his daughters are Haifa, Lana and Reem.

Prince Saud lived in Jeddah. Unlike other members of the Al Saud, he often spoke publicly and interacted with reporters. He spoke several languages, including English, Turkish, Spanish, Hebrew, French, Italian and German. In the US, he had a house in Los Angeles's the Beverly Hills Post Office neighborhood which he built in 1983.

Social roles

Prince Saud was involved in philanthropy. He was a founding member of the King Faisal Foundation and served as chairman of the board of directors for the King Faisal School and Al Faisal University in Riyadh. He was also a member of the Society for Disabled Children and the Madinah Society for Welfare and Social Services.

Illness and death

Prince Saud suffered from Parkinson's disease and back pain. The operation was performed at the Specialist Hospital in Jeddah. Prince Saud went to Los Angeles after he left the hospital on 6 September 2012. The ministry announced that he would stay there for a while. On 25 January 2015, Prince Saud had a successful spine surgery in the U.S. In March 2015, he was photographed using a walking frame. With age, Saud faced many health problems, suffering from chronic back pain and having had various surgeries.

Prince Saud died on 9 July 2015 at the age of 75 in Los Angeles. His funeral prayer was held in Grand Mosque in Mecca on 12 July 2015, and he was buried in Al Adl cemetery.

Honour

National honours

  • : First Class of the Order of King Abdulaziz

Foreign honour

  • : Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold (Belgium)
  • : Grand Cordon of the Order of Merit (Egypt)
  • : Grand Cordon of the Supreme Order of the Renaissance
  • : Grand Cordon of the Order of Mubarak the Great
  • : Honorary Commander of the Order of the Defender of the Realm (P.M.N.) (24 January 1982).
  • : Grand Cordon of the Order of Ouissam Alaouite
  • : Grand Cross of the Order of Orange-Nassau
  • :
  • Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic (31 May 1977).
  • Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Civil Merit (15 June 1981).

Ancestry

References

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