Santa Maria della Concezione dei Cappuccini ( Holy Mary of the Conception of the Capuchins) is a Roman Catholic church located at Via Vittorio Veneto, 27, just north of the Piazza Barberini, in Rome, Italy. It is the first Roman church dedicated to the Immaculate Conception.
History
It was designed by architect Felice Antonio Casoni (1559–1634) and architect Michele da Bergamo (?–1641). Pope Urban VIII blessed its first stone on 4 October 1626, after which his Capuchin brother Cardinal Antonio Marcello Barberini began constructing it. Its first mass was held on 8 September 1630, and its construction was completed in 1631. It comprises a small nave and 10 side chapels.
Architecture
thumb|left|Ceiling of the "Assumption of Mary", Liborio Coccetti
The church is accessed via a scissor staircase, on which the brick facade with white stone pilasters rises. The interior has a single nave with five chapels on each side.
The second chapel on the right has The Transfiguration by Mario Balassi commissioned by Taddeo Barberini, and a Nativity () by Giovanni Lanfranco. The right third chapel has Stigmatization of St. Francis by Domenichino. The right fourth chapel has Prayer in Gethsemane () by Baccio Ciarpi. The right fifth chapel has Saint Anthony by Andrea Sacchi.
The left fifth chapel has Apparition of the Virgin to St. Bonaventure (1645) by Andrea Sacchi. The left third chapel has Deposition (La Pieta) by Andrea Camassei and Stigmatization of Saint Francis () by Girolamo Muziano. The left second chapel has Santa Felice da Cantalice by Alessandro Turchi. The left first chapel has Ananias Heals Paul's Blindness () by Pietro da Cortona.
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File:2022-05-06 Rome - 0992 - Santa Maria della Concezione dei Cappuccini Church - Jesus Christ Mocked ( ) by Gerard van Honthorst (1592-1656).jpg|Jesus Christ Mocked (1600s) by Gerard van Honthorst
File:2022-05-06 Rome - 0990 - Santa Maria della Concezione dei Cappuccini Church - The Transfiguration ( ) by Mario Balassi (1604-1667).jpg|The Transfiguration (1600s) by Mario Balassi
File:Natività - Lanfranco.jpg|Nativity (1632) by Giovanni Lanfranco
File:2022-05-06 Rome - 0991 - Santa Maria della Concezione dei Cappuccini Church - Gethsemane (1632) by Baccio Ciarpi (1574-1654).jpg|Gethsemane (1632) by Baccio Ciarpi
File:Ananias restoring the sight of st paul (34663925).jpg|Ananias Heals Paul's Blindness (1631) by Pietro da Cortona
File:2022-05-06 Rome - 0993 - Santa Maria della Concezione dei Cappuccini Church - La Pieta ( ) by Andrea Camassei (1602-1649).jpg| La Pieta (The Deposition) (1600s) by Andrea Camassei
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Burials
- St. Felix of Cantalice,
- Crispin of Viterbo,
- Cardinal Antonio Marcello Barberini
Crypt
The crypt is located just under the church. Cardinal Antonio Barberini, who was a member of the Capuchin order, in 1631 ordered the remains of thousands of Capuchin friars exhumed and transferred from the friary Via dei Lucchesi to the crypt.
The underground crypt is divided into five chapels, lit only by dim natural light seeping in through cracks, and small fluorescent lamps. The crypt walls are decorated with the remains in elaborate fashion, making this crypt a macabre work of art. Some of the skeletons are intact and draped with Franciscan habits, but for the most part, individual bones are used to create elaborate ornamental designs.
The crypt originated at a period of a rich and creative cult for their dead; great spiritual masters meditated and preached with a skull in hand. A plaque in one of the chapels reads, in three languages, "What you are now, we once were; what we are now, you shall be." This is a memento mori.
The popularity of the crypt as a tourist attraction once rivalled the Catacombs. The Sedlec ossuary (1870) in the Czech Republic and the Skull Chapel in Poland are said to have been inspired by it.
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File:Rom, Santa Maria Immacolata a Via Veneto, Krypta der Kapuziner 2.jpg|
File:Rom, Santa Maria Immacolata a Via Veneto, Krypta der Kapuziner 1.jpg|
File:Cripta Cappuccini.jpg|Front second ossuary's chapel
File:Capuchinos 2.jpg|Side second ossuary's chapel
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Inside the convent there is the Museum of the Capuchin Friars Minor of the Province of Rome : eight rooms that house works of art, volumes, documents, liturgical objects and Capuchin artifacts in common use.
See also
- Skull Chapel in Czermna
- Sedlec Ossuary
- Tzompantli
- Capela dos Ossos
- Cele kula