Salyan District () is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. Located in the east of the country, it belongs to the Shirvan-Salyan Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Bilasuvar, Sabirabad, Hajigabul, Baku, Neftchala, and the city of Shirvan. Its capital and largest city is Salyan. As of 2020, the district had a population of 139,900.
Etymology
Salyan's etymology is of Persian origin. The word "sal" translates from Persian as "year." The origin of this name is explained by the fact that one of the Persian shahs granted a certain Ibrahim Khan, for his services, the right to use the income from this place, which until then was called Mahmudabad, for a year.
According to the assumptions, part of the saloons along with the Avars moved to Azerbaijan. This is indicated by the historian of the XIV century, Hamdullah Gazvi, confirming his words by the fact of the existence of the city of "Abar" on the bank of the river Kura.
Climate
The dominant climate here is considered a local steppe climate. A small amount of precipitation falls throughout the year. The average annual temperature is 15.2 °C. The average annual rainfall is 288 mm.
Population
According to the State Statistics Committee, as of 2019, the population of the city recorded 138,600 persons, which increased by 25,600 persons (about 22.6 percent) from 113,000 persons in 2000. Of the total population, 69,300 are men and 69,300 are women. In 2018, more than 25.1 percent of the population (about 34,500 persons) consists of young people and teenagers aged 14–29.
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Points of interests
Numerous mud volcanoes of Azerbaijan are situated not far from the regional center. Among which volcano Babazanan attracts local residents with the curative properties of its muds. There is also a reserve "Dashgil" - a place for hunting waterfowl and fishing for kutum, carp and other Caspian fish.
Shirvan National Park
By the decree of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Heydar Aliyev, on July 5, 2003, the Shirvan National Park of the Republic of Azerbaijan was established for 54373.5 hectares of administrative units of the districts. The main goal of the National Park was to preserve the gazelles entered in the "Red Book" of the Republic of Azerbaijan, conduct ecological monitoring, educate the population from an ecological point of view, create all conditions for the development of tourism and recreation.