Salvador de Madariaga y Rojo (23 July 1886 – 14 December 1978) was a Spanish "eminent liberal", diplomat, writer, historian and pacifist who was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature and the Nobel Peace Prize and awarded the Charlemagne Prize in 1973.

Early life

Salvador de Madariaga y Rojo was born on 23 July 1886 in A Coruña, Galicia, Kingdom of Spain. He graduated with a degree in engineering in Paris, France.

Career

Madariaga returned to Spain and became an engineer for the Northern Spanish Railway Company. He then came into contact with Generación del 14 intellectuals. From 1932 to 1934, he served as ambassador to France. In 1933, he was elected to the National Congress and served as both Minister for Education and Minister for Justice.

Works

thumb|right|Old European flag design by Salvador de Madariaga

Madariaga wrote books in Spanish, English, French and German.

  • Englishmen, Frenchmen, Spaniards: An Essay in Comparative Psychology, Oxford University Press, 1929
  • Disarmament, Coward-McCann, 1929
  • Anarchy or Hierarchy, Macmillan, 1937
  • Christopher Columbus, Macmillan, 1940
  • The Rise of the Spanish-American Empire, Hollis & Carter; Macmillan, 1947
  • The Fall of the Spanish-American Empire, Hollis & Carter, 1947; Macmillan, 1948
  • Bolivar, Hollis & Carter, 1952
  • Morning without Noon, 1973
  • El Corazón de Piedra Verde, 1942 (Heart of Jade)
  • War in the Blood (sequel to Heart of Jade)
  • Spain: a Modern History
  • Hernán Cortés – Conqueror of Mexico, Macmillan, 1941
  • The Blowing up of the Parthenon, 1960
  • On Hamlet, Hollis & Carter, 1948
  • Latin America, Between the Eagle and the Bear, Praeger, 1962

Poetry

  • The Serene Fountain (1927)
  • Elegy on the Death of Unamuno (1937)
  • Elegy at the Death of Federico García Lorca (1938)
  • Rose of Silt and Ashes (1942)
  • Romances for Beatriz (1955)
  • She who Smells of Thyme and Rosemary (1959)
  • Poppy (1965)

Articles

  • "Englishman, Frenchman, Spaniard," The Atlantic (April 1928)
  • "An Admirable Variety: Further Diversities of National Character," The Atlantic (September 1928)
  • "Disarmament--American Plan," The Atlantic (April 1929)
  • "Spain: The Politics," The Atlantic (March 1937)

See also

  • Contributions to liberal theory
  • List of peace activists

Notes

References

  • Madariaga – College of Europe Foundation
  • Madariaga tennis Club in A Coruña.
  • Madariaga European College.
  • Archival sources by and on Salvador de Madariaga can be consulted at the Historical Archives of the European Union in Florence
  • Washington Post obituary