Russia men's national ice hockey team

The Russian men's national ice hockey team () is the national men's ice hockey team of Russia, overseen by the Ice Hockey Federation of Russia. As of 2021, they were rated third in the IIHF World Ranking. The European nations of the Big Six participate in the Euro Hockey Tour, which Russia won nine times since 2005. Since September 2021, the head coach is Alexei Zhamnov, who took over from Valeri Bragin.

Since the establishment of the team, Russia has participated in 29 IIHF World Championships tournaments and nine Olympic ice hockey tournaments, winning five world championships and one Olympic gold medal.

After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the International Ice Hockey Federation suspended Russia from all levels of competition on 28 February 2022. In April 2022, the Federation banned Russia from participating in the 2023 IIHF World Championship.

History

Origins

The Allrussian Hockey League was founded by some clubs in the Russian Empire and entered the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) in 1911. However, probably due to misunderstandings ("hockey" was identified with bandy or Russian hockey in Russia, not with the modern ice hockey rules developed in Canada) the Russian team left the organization. There were no matches involving a team from Imperial Russia.

Interest in this sport grew in the Soviet Union in the second half of the 1940s. The first reactions were skeptical; one sports journal, Physical Culture and Sports, characterized it as such: "The game is quite individual and primitive, with few combinations, not as in bandy. Therefore, Canadian hockey should not be cultivated into our country..." In 1952, the Hockey Federation of the USSR joined the International Ice Hockey League, and so received the permission to play in the World Championships and the Olympics. That year is seen as the birth of the Soviet national ice hockey team, the predecessor team of the Russia men's national ice hockey team. The Soviets won the 1954 Ice Hockey World Championships, and two years later they won gold at the 1956 Winter Olympics. This type of amateur player was contested by Canada and the United States whose best players were participating in professional leagues.

After the USSR's dissolution

The Soviet Union dissolved shortly before the 1992 Winter Olympics, so a Unified Team largely consisting of the former Soviet republics competed instead. The CIS national ice hockey team, composed almost entirely of Russians, with Lithuanian-born Darius Kasparaitis and Ukrainian-born Alexei Zhitnik the only non-Russians, competed as part of this Olympic delegation. The team finished second in its preliminary group, beating co-favorites Canada, 5–4, but losing to Czechoslovakia, 3–4. The CIS team then defeated the Finns and Americans, 6–1 and 5–2, respectively. In the final, they played Canada again, winning 3–1 and claimed the gold medal. The team was coached by the Russian and former Soviet coach Viktor Tikhonov. In later years, the IIHF recognized this gold medal as being won by the Russian national team, rather than by the CIS. Russia's first actual games after the Soviet dissolution were a series of five friendly games between Sweden, Germany and Switzerland, all taking place in April 1992, the debut game occurring on 12 April 1992 against Sweden and ending in a 2–2 draw. At the 1992 World Championship Russia finished first in its preliminary group but lost to Sweden in the quarterfinals, 2–0. They, however, won the next edition of the tournament, beating Germany, Canada, and Sweden in the playoffs and clinching their first title as Russia and 23rd, including the USSR's totals.

The post-Soviet drought

As the USSR fell apart, so did Russia's elite hockey program. At the 1994 Winter Olympics they finished fourth overall, losing the bronze medal match to Finland. Russia also competed at the 1996 World Cup, the successor tournament to the Canada Cup, where the team lost in the semi-finals to the eventual winner, the United States. At the 1998 Winter Olympics, Russia won five consecutive games and reached the gold medal match, where they lost to the Czech Republic, 0–1.

In 1994, Russian journalist Vsevolod Kukushkin reported that "The people are upset. Russia is a nation of critics." He said the Russian team was struggling with finances to support training, no funding was received from the national level, and professional teams in Russia were struggling to stay afloat. He also reported that the Russian people were upset at losing the nation's best players to the National Hockey League, and not playing on the Russian national team.

The Russian resurgence

thumb|240px|[[Vladimir Putin and Russian team captain Alexander Ovechkin]]

The Bykov period

After failing to win the gold medal between 1993 and 2007, the Russians restructured the national league as the KHL and hired the 1993 World Champion, Vyacheslav Bykov, as the head coach. Another 1993 champion, Sergey Fedorov, was named the team captain. Afterwards, Russia won the 2008 and 2009 World Ice Hockey Championships with perfect records, beating Canada in the finals two times in a row. The Russians would make another run in 2010, losing to the Czech Republic in the gold medal game. However, the disastrous 2010 Olympics and 2011 World Championships led to Bykov's removal.

Bilyaletdinov at the helm

Bykov was replaced with Bilyaletdinov, under whose leadership Russia won the 2012 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships with yet another perfect record, beating Slovakia, 6–2, in the gold medal game. However, as a result of the 2013 Championship and 2014 Olympic performances, Bilyaletdinov was replaced with Oleg Znarok.

The Znarok years

Znarok then led the Russians to the gold medal in the 2014 World Ice Hockey Championship after defeating Finland 5–2 in the final, with a perfect record. The 2014 tournament result set the most perfect records in the IIHF World Championships. For this accomplishment, the Russian team was honored in the Kremlin.

Russia earned a medal in each subsequent tournament, including the silver medal in 2015 and the bronze medals in 2016 and 2017. The team also reached the semi-finals of the World Cup, losing to Canada, the eventual winner.

thumb|240px|Russian players met with President Vladimir Putin on 31 January 2018, prior to their departure to South Korea

In 2018, the Russian Olympic Committee was disqualified by the International Olympic Committee for doping, but the Russian players were cleared to participate by the IOC under the Olympic flag as the Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) using professional Russian hockey players with no previous drug violations and a consistent history of drug testing. Like the rest of the Olympic hockey teams in 2018, the Russian team could not use NHL players due to the league's prohibiting player participation in the Olympics. As a result, the team relied on players from the KHL (15 from a reigning champion, SKA Saint Petersburg, 8 from CSKA Moscow and 2 from Metallurg Magnitogorsk).

After a loss in their first game to Slovakia, the OAR team defeated Slovenia and the United States, qualifying for the quarterfinals. The team then defeated Norway and the Czech Republic to reach the finals. The team won the gold medal after a 4–3 overtime victory over the German team in the final. Ilya Kovalchuk and Pavel Datsyuk each won their first gold in their fifth Olympic appearance and together with Slava Voynov, were the only players with prior Olympic experience on the team. In its post-Olympics World Ranking, the IIHF considered the OAR team as the Russian team in its rankings. The IIHF considers this victory to be Russia's second gold medal in the Olympics, as they also attributed the 1992 Unified Team gold medal to Russia, however, the IOC does not attribute either of these results to Russia.

After the Olympics, Znarok became a consultant for the Russian National Team. He retired as Russia's most decorated modern head coach, with a World Championship, an Olympic gold medal, and a Euro Hockey Tour victory.

Vorobiev as head coach

Ilya Vorobiev was hired as the interim head coach of the Russian national hockey team in April 2018 for the 2018 IIHF World Championship and the second half of 2017–18 Euro Hockey Tour. In the remainder of Euro Hockey Tour, Vorobiev led the Russian team to a 1–5 record, following the 5–1 record of the Znarok-led team in the first half of 2017–18 Euro Hockey Tour, for the team to finish 6–6 on the season. At the 2018 World Championship, Russia finished second in its group and lost to Canada 4–5 in the quarterfinal, finishing sixth overall.

Next season, Russia went 8–4 in the 2018–19 Euro Hockey Tour, winning the competition and went all the way to the semi-final at the 2019 World Championship, where it lost to Finland before beating the Czech Republic for the bronze. Following the World Championship, Vorobiev was dismissed and replaced with Alexei Kudashov.

Kudashov's realm

Kudashov went 3–6 at the 2019–20 Euro Hockey Tour before the 2020 IIHF World Championship was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia. Kudashov was sacked in June 2020 and replaced with Valeri Bragin, a decorated coach of the Russia men's U20 team.

Bragin's team

Bragin proceeded to win the 2020–21 Euro Hockey Tour with a 10–2 record. At the 2021 IIHF World Championship, Russia went 6–1 in the group stage but then lost in the quarter-finals to Canada, which finished with a 3–4 record in the group stage but went on to win the tournament. Bragin was replaced by Alexei Zhamnov in September 2021.

Zhamnov's team

With Zhamnov, the Russian national team participated at the 2022 Olympics in Beijing (under the Russian Olympic Committee flag and the moniker ROC), where they reached the second Olympic final in a row, losing to Finland 1–2 and winning silver medals.

After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the International Ice Hockey Federation suspended Russia from all levels of competition.

Tournament record

Olympic Games

200px|thumb|The bronze medal-winning Russian team at the [[2002 Winter Olympics]]

{| class="wikitable sortable"

! Games !! GP !! W !! L !! T !! GF !! GA !! Coach !! Captain !! Roster !! Finish

| 1956 – 1988 || colspan="10" | As

| 1992 Albertville || colspan="10" | As

| style="background:#9acdff;"| 1994 Lillehammer || 8 || 4 || 4 || 0 || 26 || 24 || Viktor Tikhonov || Alexander Smirnov || roster || 4th place

| style="background:silver;"| 1998 Nagano || 6 || 5 || 1 || 0 || 26 || 12 || Vladimir Yurzinov || Pavel Bure || roster ||

| style="background:#c96;"| 2002 Salt Lake City || 6 || 3 || 2 || 1 || 19 || 14 || Viacheslav Fetisov || Igor Larionov || roster ||

| style="background:#9acdff;"| 2006 Turin || 8 || 5 || 3 || 0 || 25 || 18 || Vladimir Krikunov || Alexei Kovalev || roster || 4th place

| 2010 Vancouver || 4 || 2 || 2 || 0 || 16 || 13 || Vyacheslav Bykov || Alexei Morozov || roster || 6th place

| 2014 Sochi || 5 || 3 || 2 || 0 || 13 || 8 || Zinetula Bilyaletdinov || Pavel Datsyuk || roster || 5th place

| style="background:gold;" rowspan="2" | 2018 Pyeongchang (As OAR)

| rowspan="2" | 2021 Riga (As )

|–

|29

|12

|Valeri Bragin

|Anton Slepyshev

|5th place

| 2022–present ||colspan=11 align=center|Suspended due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine

World Cup

{| class="wikitable sortable"

! Year !! GP !! W !! L !! T !! GF !! GA !! Coach !! Captain !! Finish

| 1996 World Cup of Hockey || 5 || 2 || 3 || 0 || 19 || 19 || Boris Mikhailov || Viacheslav Fetisov || Semi-finals

| 2004 World Cup of Hockey || 4 || 2 || 2 || 0 || 12 || 11 || Zinetula Bilyaletdinov || Alexei Kovalev || Quarter-finals

| 2016 World Cup of Hockey || 4 || 2 || 2 || 0 || 11 || 10 || Oleg Znarok || Alexander Ovechkin || Semi-finals

200px|thumb|President [[Dmitry Medvedev meets with the national hockey team following the 2008 World Championship]]

Euro Hockey Tour

The Euro Hockey Tour (EHT) started in 1996 and is held every season between the quartet of European nations of the Big Six nations of ice hockey. The usual format is to have the teams play against each other four times, once in Finland, once in Russia, once in Sweden, and once in the Czech Republic. There are occasional deviations from the format if additional nations, such as Canada, are invited to compete. Russia has won the EHT nine times .

Euro Hockey Tour medal table

Men

Women

Tournament summary

Karjala Tournament:
Gold medal (2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2016, 2018, 2020)
Silver medal (1998, 1999, 2001, 2010, 2013, 2017)
Bronze medal (1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2019, 2021)
Channel One Cup:
Gold medal (1999, 2000, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2018, 2020, 2023, 2024)
Silver medal (1996, 1997, 2001, 2009, 2016, 2019, 2021, 2022)
Bronze medal (2002, 2003, 2011, 2013)
Sweden Hockey Games:
Gold medal (2003, 2006, 2008, 2017, 2021)
Silver medal (2007, 2009, 2011, 2019)
Bronze medal (1997, 2004, 2005, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2018)
Czech Hockey Games:
Gold medal (2002, 2006, 2007, 2009 (April))
Silver medal (2001, 2005, 2009 (September), 2011, 2013 (April), 2013 (August))
Bronze medal (1997, 2003, 2012, 2017, 2019)

Russia's Euro Hockey Tour (EHT) Cup medal table

<small>As of January 2025</small>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"

!Tournament

!style="background-color: #F7F6A8;" | Gold

!style="background-color: #DCE5E5;" | Silver

!style="background-color: #FFDAB9;" | Bronze

!Medals

|align=left|Karjala Tournament || 8 || 6 || 10 || 24

|align=left|Channel One Cup || 13 || 8 || 4 || 25

|align=left|Sweden Hockey Games || 5 || 4 || 7 || 16

|align=left|Czech Hockey Games || 4 || 6 || 5 || 15

!Total !! 30 !! 24 !! 26 !! 80

Other tournaments

Deutschland Cup: Gold medal (1992, 1993, 2017, 2018)
Nissan Cup: Silver medal (1992, 1994)
Northern Lights Tournament: Bronze medal (1993)

Team

Current roster

Roster for the 2021 IIHF World Championship.

Head coach: Valeri Bragin

{| width="80%" class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: center;"

!No.

!Pos.

!Name

!Height

!Weight

!Birthdate

!Team

| 2 || D || align=left|Artyom Zub || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Ottawa Senators

| 4 || D || align=left|Vladislav Gavrikov – A || || || || style="text-align:left;"| New York Rangers

| 7 || D || align=left|Dmitry Orlov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| San Jose Sharks

| 8 || F || align=left|Ivan Morozov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Spartak Moscow

| 9 || D || align=left|Ivan Provorov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Columbus Blue Jackets

| 10 || F || align=left|Sergey Tolchinsky || || || || style="text-align:left;"| SKA Saint Petersburg

| 11 || F || align=left|Dmitri Voronkov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Columbus Blue Jackets

| 15 || F || align=left|Pavel Karnaukhov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| CSKA Moscow

| 16 || D || align=left|Nikita Zadorov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Boston Bruins

| 21 || F || align=left|Konstantin Okulov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| CSKA Moscow

| 25 || F || align=left|Mikhail Grigorenko || || || || style="text-align:left;"| SKA Saint Petersburg

| 27 || D || align=left|Igor Ozhiganov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Dynamo Moscow

| 31 || G || align=left|Alexander Samonov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Salavat Yulaev Ufa

| 32 || G || align=left|Sergei Bobrovsky || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Florida Panthers

| 37 || F || align=left|Evgeny Timkin || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Salavat Yulaev Ufa

| 57 || F || align=left|Artyom Shvets-Rogovoy || || || || style="text-align:left;"| SKA Saint Petersburg

| 58 || F || align=left|Anton Slepyshev – C || || || || style="text-align:left;"| CSKA Moscow

| 60 || G || align=left|Ivan Bocharov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Lokomotiv Yaroslavl

| 71 || F || align=left|Anton Burdasov – A || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Traktor Chelyabinsk

| 72 || F || align=left|Emil Galimov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| SKA Saint Petersburg

| 78 || F || align=left|Maxim Shalunov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Lokomotiv Yaroslavl

| 81 || F || align=left|Vladislav Kamenev || || || || style="text-align:left;"| CSKA Moscow

| 87 || D || align=left|Rushan Rafikov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Lokomotiv Yaroslavl

| 89 || D || align=left|Nikita Nesterov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| CSKA Moscow

| 91 || F || align=left|Vladimir Tarasenko || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Minnesota Wild

| 94 || F || align=left|Alexander Barabanov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Ak Bars Kazan

| 96 || F || align=left|Andrei Kuzmenko || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles Kings

| 98 || D || align=left|Grigori Dronov || || || || style="text-align:left;"| Traktor Chelyabinsk

Coaching history

;Olympics

1994 – Viktor Tikhonov
1998 – Vladimir Yurzinov (Pyotr Vorobyov, Zinetula Bilyaletdinov)
2002 – Viacheslav Fetisov (Vladimir Yurzinov, Vladislav Tretiak)
2006 – Vladimir Krikunov (Vladimir Yurzinov, Boris Mikhailov)
2010 – Vyacheslav Bykov (Igor Zakharkin)
2014 – Zinetula Bilyaletdinov (Valery Belov, Dmitry Yushkevich, Igor Nikitin, Valeri Belousov, Vladimir Myshkin)
2018 – Oleg Znarok (Harijs Vītoliņš, Ilya Vorobiev, Rashit Davydov, Igor Nikitin, Alexei Zhamnov)
2022 – Alexei Zhamnov (Sergei Fedorov, Alexei Kudashov, Sergei Gonchar)

;World Championships

1992 – Viktor Tikhonov
1993 – Boris Mikhailov (Pyotr Vorobyov, Igor Tuzik, Gennady Tsygurov)
1994 – Boris Mikhailov (Pyotr Vorobyov, Igor Tuzik, Gennady Tsygurov)
1995 – Boris Mikhailov (Pyotr Vorobyov, Igor Tuzik, Gennady Tsygurov)
1996 – Vladimir Vasiliev (Gennady Tsygurov, Viktor Tikhonov)
1997 – Igor Dmitriev (Boris Mikhailov, Igor Tuzik)
1998 – Vladimir Yurzinov (Pyotr Vorobyov, Zinetula Bilyaletdinov)
1999 – Alexander Yakushev (Pyotr Vorobyov, Zinetula Bilyaletdinov)
2000 – Alexander Yakushev (Pyotr Vorobyov, Zinetula Bilyaletdinov)
2001 – Boris Mikhailov (Valeri Belousov, Vladimir Krikunov)
2002 – Boris Mikhailov (Valeri Belousov, Vladimir Krikunov)
2003 – Vladimir Plyushchev (Alexander Yakushev, Nikolai Tolstikov)
2004 – Viktor Tikhonov
2005 – Vladimir Krikunov (Vladimir Yurzinov, Boris Mikhailov)
2006 – Vladimir Krikunov (Vladimir Yurzinov, Boris Mikhailov)
2007 – Vyacheslav Bykov (Igor Zakharkin)
2008 – Vyacheslav Bykov (Igor Zakharkin)
2009 – Vyacheslav Bykov (Igor Zakharkin)
2010 – Vyacheslav Bykov (Igor Zakharkin, Valeri Bragin, Andrei Nazarov)
2011 – Vyacheslav Bykov (Igor Zakharkin)
2012 – Zinetula Bilyaletdinov (Valery Belov, Dmitry Yushkevich, Igor Nikitin, Vladimir Myshkin)
2013 – Zinetula Bilyaletdinov (Valery Belov, Dmitry Yushkevich, Igor Nikitin, Vladimir Myshkin)
2014 – Oleg Znarok (Harijs Vītoliņš, Vladimir Fedosov, Igor Nikitin, Yuri Zhdanov, Rashit Davydov, Oleg Kupryanov)
2015 – Oleg Znarok (Harijs Vītoliņš, Vladimir Fedosov, Igor Nikitin, Yuri Zhdanov, Rashit Davydov, Oleg Kupryanov)
2016 – Oleg Znarok (Harijs Vītoliņš, Ilya Vorobiev, Rashit Davydov, Igor Nikitin)
2017 – Oleg Znarok (Harijs Vītoliņš, Ilya Vorobiev, Rashit Davydov, Igor Nikitin)
2018 – Ilya Vorobiev (Alexei Zhamnov, Anvar Gatiyatulin, Rashit Davydov, Igor Nikitin)
2019 – Ilya Vorobiev (Alexei Zhamnov, Anvar Gatiyatulin, Rashit Davydov, Igor Nikitin)
2021 – Valeri Bragin (Albert Leschov, Stefan Persson, Konstantin Shafranov, Alexander Titov)

;World Cup

1996 – Boris Mikhailov
2004 – Zinetula Bilyaletdinov
2016 – Oleg Znarok

Uniform evolution

File:Russia national ice hockey team jerseys 1994 (WOG).png|1994 Olympic jersey

File:Russia national ice hockey team jerseys 1998-1999.png|1998–1999 IIHF jerseys

File:Russia national ice hockey team jerseys 2000.png|2000–2004 IIHF jerseys

File:Russia national hockey team jerseys.png|2010–2013 IIHF jerseys

File:Russia national hockey team jerseys - 2014 Winter Olympics.png|2014 Olympic jersey

File:Russia national hockey team jerseys 2014.png|2014–2017 IIHF jerseys

File:Russian national team jerseys 2016 (WCH).png|2016 WCH jersey

File:OAR national ice hockey team jerseys 2018 (WOG).png|2018 OAR Olympic jersey

File:Russia national ice hockey team jerseys 2018 IHWC.png|2018–2020 IIHF jerseys

File:ROC national ice hockey team jerseys 2021 IHWC.png|2021 ROC IIHF jerseys

File:ROC national ice hockey team jerseys 2022 (WOG).png|2022 ROC Olympic jersey