Rosalia is a town in Whitman County, Washington, United States. It is an agricultural community in the Palouse region, at an elevation of above sea level. Its population was 598 at the 2020 census.
History
thumb|left|Rosalia, 1880
Rosalia was the site of an 1858 Battle of Pine Creek between United States troops, including Nez Perce allies, under Brevet Lieutenant Colonel Edward Steptoe, and members of the Coeur d'Alene, Palus and Spokane Native American tribes.
Rosalia was founded in 1870 by T.J. Favorite, who named it for his wife. Rosalia was officially incorporated on March 23, 1894.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all of it land.
Climate
Rosalia's climate is classified as a dry-summer humid continental climate (Dsb) according to the Köppen climate classification.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the 2010 census, there were 550 people, 228 households, and 151 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 270 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 96.5% White, 0.7% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.9% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.2% of the population.
There were 228 households, of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.6% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.8% were non-families. 27.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.89.
The median age in the town was 43.4 years. 24.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.1% were from 25 to 44; 31.9% were from 45 to 64; and 16.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 50.5% male and 49.5% female.
2000 census
As of the 2000 census,