Romania competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States. 165 competitors, 98 men and 67 women, took part in 122 events in 18 sports.
Medalists
| style="text-align:left; width:72%; vertical-align:top;"|
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%"
|-
! Medal
! Name
! Sport
! Event
! Date
|-
| || Laura Badea || Fencing || Women's individual foil ||
|-
| || Simona Amânar || Gymnastics || Women's vault ||
|-
| || Constanța Burcică-Pipota<br/>Camelia Macoviciuc || Rowing || Women's lightweight double sculls ||
|-
| || <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> || Rowing || Women's eight ||
|-
| || Gabriela Szabo|| Athletics || Women's 1500 metres ||
|-
| || Antonel Borșan<br/>Marcel Glăvan || Canoeing || Men's C-2 1000 metres ||
|-
| || Laura Badea<br/> Roxana Scarlat<br/>Reka Szabo|| Fencing || Women's team foil ||
|-
| || Marius Urzică || Gymnastics || Men's pommel horse ||
|-
| || Dan Burincă || Gymnastics || Men's rings ||
|-
| || Gina Gogean || Gymnastics || Women's artistic individual all-around ||
|-
| || Simona Amânar || Gymnastics || Women's floor ||
|-
| || Leonard Doroftei || Boxing || Lightweight||
|-
| || Marian Simion || Boxing || Welterweight||
|-
| || Gheorghe Andriev<br/>Grigore Obreja || Canoeing || Men's C-2 500 metres ||
|-
| || Simona Amânar ||Gymnastics || Women's artistic individual all-around ||
|-
| || Lavinia Miloșovici || Gymnastics || Women's artistic individual all-around ||
|-
| || Gina Gogean || Gymnastics || Women's vault ||
|-
| || Gina Gogean || Gymnastics || Women's balance beam ||
|-
| || Simona Amânar<br/>Gina Gogean<br/>Ionela Loaieș<br/>Alexandra Marinescu<br/>Lavinia Miloșovici<br/>Mirela Ţugurlan || Gymnastics || Women's artistic team all-around ||
|-
| || Nicu Vlad || Weightlifting || Men's 108 kg||
|}
| style="text-align:left; width:23%; vertical-align:top;"|
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%; float: right;"
|-
!colspan=5|Medals by sport
|-align=center
|Sport
| bgcolor=#f7f6a8 |
| bgcolor=#dce5e5 |
| bgcolor=#ffdab9 |
|Total
|-align=center
|Athletics
| style="background:#F7F6A8;" |0
| style="background:#DCE5E5;" |1
| style="background:#FFDAB9;" |0
|1
|-align=center
|Boxing
| style="background:#F7F6A8;" |0
| style="background:#DCE5E5;" |0
| style="background:#FFDAB9;" |2
|2
|-align=center
|Canoeing
| style="background:#F7F6A8;" |0
| style="background:#DCE5E5;" |1
| style="background:#FFDAB9;" |1
|2
|-align=center
|Fencing
| style="background:#F7F6A8;" |1
| style="background:#DCE5E5;" |1
| style="background:#FFDAB9;" |0
|2
|-align=center
|Gymnastics
| style="background:#F7F6A8;" |1
| style="background:#DCE5E5;" |4
| style="background:#FFDAB9;" |5
|10
|-align=center
|Rowing
| style="background:#F7F6A8;" |2
| style="background:#DCE5E5;" |0
| style="background:#FFDAB9;" |0
|2
|-align=center
|Weightlifting
| style="background:#F7F6A8;" |0
| style="background:#DCE5E5;" |0
| style="background:#FFDAB9;" |1
|1
|-align=center
!Total
! style="background:gold;" |4
! style="background:silver;" |7
! style="background:#c96;" |9
!20
|}
{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="font-size:85%; float:right"
|-
!colspan=5|Medals by gender
|-align=center
|Gender
| bgcolor=#F7F6A8 |
| bgcolor=#DCE5E5 |
| bgcolor=#FFDAB9 |
|Total
|-align=center
|Male
| style="background:#F7F6A8;" |0
| style="background:#DCE5E5;" |3
| style="background:#FFDAB9;" |4
|7
|-align=center
|Female
| style="background:#F7F6A8;" |4
| style="background:#DCE5E5;" |4
| style="background:#FFDAB9;" |5
|13
|-align=center
!Total
! style="background:gold;" |4
! style="background:silver;" |7
! style="background:#c96;" |9
!20
|}
Athletics
Men's 1,500 metres
- Ovidiu Olteanu
:* Qualification — 3:38.33 (→ did not advance)
Men's 400m Hurdles
- Mugur Mateescu
:* Heat — 49.97s (→ did not advance)
Men's 3,000 metres Steeplechase
- Florin Ionescu
:* Heat — 8:31.34
:* Semifinals — 8:28.77 (→ did not advance)
Men's Long Jump
- Bogdan Tarus
:* Qualification — 7.96m (→ did not advance)
- Bogdan Tudor
:* Qualification — 7.88m (→ did not advance)
Men's Discus Throw
- Costel Grasu
:* Qualification — 58.56m (→ did not advance)
Men's 20 km Walk
- Costică Bălan
<br>
Women's 10.000 metres
- Iulia Negura
:* Qualification — 31:40.16
:* Final — 31:26.46 (→ 8th place)
Women's 400m Hurdles
- Ionela Târlea
:* Qualification — 55.42
:* Semifinals — 54.41
:* Final — 54.40 (→ 7th place)
Women's Javelin Throw
- Felicia Tilea
:* Qualification — 66.94m
:* Final — 59.94m (→ 10th place)
Women's Discus Throw
- Nicole Grasu
:* Qualification — 63.00m
:* Final — 63.28m (→ 7th place)
- Cristina Boit
:* Qualification — 58.10m (→ did not advance)
Women's Long Jump
- Mihaela Gheorghiu
:* Qualification — NM (→ did not advance)
Women's Triple Jump
- Rodica Mateescu
:* Qualification — 14.22m
:* Final — 14.21m (→ 8th place)
Women's Heptathlon
- Liliana Nastase
:* Final Result — 5847 points (→ 22nd place)
Women's Marathon
- Lidia Șimon — 2:31.04 (→ 6th place)
- Anuța Cătună — 2:42.01 (→ 44th place)
- Cristina Pomacu — did not finish (→ no ranking)
Women's 10 km Walk
- Norica Câmpean — 46:19 (→ 29th place)
Boxing
Men's Light Flyweight (– 48 kg)
- Sabin Bornei
:* First Round — Defeated José Pérez Reyes (Dominican Republic), 16-10
:* Second Round — Lost to Somrot Kamsing (Thailand), 7-18
Men's Bantamweight (– 54 kg)
- George Olteanu
:* First Round — Defeated Samuel Álvarez (Mexico), referee stopped contest in third round
:* Second Round — Defeated Kalai Riadh (Tunisia), 16-3
:* Quarter Finals — Lost to István Kovács (Hungary), 2-24
Men's Lightweight (– 60 kg)
- Leonard Doroftei → 16x16px Bronze Medal
:* First Round — Defeated Julio Mboumba (Gabon), referee stopped contest in second round
:* Second Round — Defeated Sergey Kopenkin (Kyrgyzstan), 10-1
:* Quarter Finals — Defeated Koba Gogoladze (Georgia), 17-8
:* Semi Finals — Lost to Hocine Soltani (Algeria), 6-9
Men's Lightweight (– 67 kg)
- Marian Simion → 16x16px Bronze Medal
:* First Round — Defeated Hussein Bayram (France), 13-6
:* Second Round — Defeated Fernando Vargas (United States), 8-7
:* Quarter Finals — Defeated Hasan Al (Denmark), 16-8
:* Semi Finals — Lost to Juan Hernández Sierra (Cuba), 7-20
Men's Light Middleweight (– 71 kg)
- Francisc Vaștag
:* First Round — Lost to Markus Beyer (Germany), 12-17
Men's Heavyweight (– 91 kg)
- Ovidiu Bali
:* First Round — Bye
:* Second Round — Lost to Christophe Mendy (France), referee stopped contest in second round
Canoeing
Diving
Women's 10m Platform
- Clara Elena Ciocan
:* Preliminary Heat — 281.52
:* Semi Final — 157.41
:* Final — 256.05 (→ 10th place)
- Anisoara Opriea
:* Preliminary Heat — 233.34 (→ did not advance, 22nd place)
Fencing
Nine fencers, six men and three women, represented Romania in 1996.
;Men's épée
- Gheorghe Epurescu
- Gabriel Pantelimon
- Aurel Bratu
;Men's team épée
- Aurel Bratu, Gheorghe Epurescu, Gabriel Pantelimon
;Men's sabre
- Vilmoș Szabo
- Florin Lupeică
- Mihai Covaliu
;Men's team sabre
- Florin Lupeică, Mihai Covaliu, Vilmoș Szabo
;Women's foil
- Laura Cârlescu-Badea
- Roxana Scarlat
- Reka Zsofia Lazăr-Szabo
;Women's team foil
- Laura Cârlescu-Badea, Reka Zsofia Lazăr-Szabo, Roxana Scarlat
Gymnastics
Judo
Modern pentathlon
Men's Individual Competition
- Adrian Toader — 5335 pts (→ 14th place)
Rhythmic gymnastics
Rowing
Sailing
Shooting
Swimming
Men's 100 m Freestyle
- Nicolae Ivan
:* Heat — 51.14 (→ did not advance, 30th place)
Men's 200 m Freestyle
- Nicolae Butacu
:* Heat — 1:50.83
:* B-Final — 1:51.46 (→ 16th place)
Men's 100 m Backstroke
- Nicolae Butacu
:* Heat — 56.73 (→ did not advance, 21st place)
Men's 200 m Backstroke
- Nicolae Butacu
:* Heat — 2:08.59 (→ did not advance, 34th place)
Men's 100 m Butterfly
- Răzvan Petcu
:* Heat — 55.50 (→ did not advance, 35th place)
Men's 4 × 100 m Freestyle Relay
- Nicolae Ivan, Răzvan Petcu, Horațiu Badiță, and Alexandru Ioanovici
:* Heat — 3:21.66 (→ did not advance, 10th place)
Women's 50 m Freestyle
- Luminița Dobrescu
:* Heat — 26.47 (→ did not advance, 27th place)
Women's 100 m Freestyle
- Luminița Dobrescu
:* Heat — 56.27
:* B-Final — 55.98 (→ 11th place)
Women's 200 m Freestyle
- Luminița Dobrescu
:* Heat — 2:00.85
:* Final — 2:01.63 (→ 8th place)
- Ioana Diaconescu
:* Heat — 2:04.59 (→ did not advance, 25th place)
Women's 400 m Freestyle
- Carla Negrea
:* Heat — 4:16.89
:* B-Final — 4:17.08 (→ 16th place)
Women's 800 m Freestyle
- Carla Negrea
:* Heat — 8:54.19 (→ did not advance, 20th place)
Women's 200 m Backstroke
- Cătălina Căsaru
:* Heat — 2:15.92
:* B-Final — 2:15.15 (→ 14th place)
Women's 100 m Breaststroke
- Larisa Lăcustă
:* Heat — 1:13.91 (→ did not advance, 35th place)
Women's 100 m Butterfly
- Loredana Zisu
:* Heat — 1:02.66 (→ did not advance, 23rd place)
Women's 200 m Butterfly
- Loredana Zisu
:* Heat — 2:17.56 (→ did not advance, 21st place)
Women's 200 m Individual Medley
- Beatrice Câșlaru
:* Heat — 2:16.80
:* B-Final — 2:16.75 (→ 12th place)
Women's 400 m Individual Medley
- Beatrice Câșlaru
:* Heat — 4:44.66
:* Final — 4:44.91 (→ 6th place)
Women's 4 × 100 m Freestyle Relay
- Ioana Diaconescu, Florina Herea, Andrea Trufașu, and Luminița Dobrescu
:* Heat – 3:48.43 (→ did not advance, 11th place)
Women's 4 × 200 m Freestyle Relay
- Luminița Dobrescu, Loredana Zisu, Ioana Diaconescu, and Carla Negrea
:* Heat – 8:10.77
:* Final – 8:10.02 (→ 7th place)
Women's 4 × 100 m Medley Relay
- Catalina Căsaru, Beatrice Câșlaru, Loredana Zisu, and Luminița Dobrescu
:* Heat – 4:16.18 (→ did not advance, 17th place)
Table tennis
Tennis
Women's Singles Competition
- Cătălina Cristea
:* First round — Lost to Anke Huber (Germany) 6-2 4-6 2-6
- Ruxandra Dragomir
:* First round — Lost to Jana Novotná (Czech Republic) 4-6 4-4 retired
Water polo
Men's team competition
- Preliminary round (group B)
:* Romania – Ukraine 6-6
:* Romania – Croatia 6-11
:* Romania – Greece 5-8
:* Romania – United States 5-10
:* Romania – Italy 9-10
- Classification Matches
:* 9th/12th place: Romania – Netherlands 8-10
:* 9th/12th place: Romania – Ukraine 11-8
:* 9th/12th place: Romania – Germany 6-10 (→ Eleventh place)
- Team roster
:*Edward Andrei
:*Florin Bonca
:*Robert Dinu
:*Niculae Fulgeanu
:*Vlad Hagiu
:*Gelu Lisac
:*Istvan Moldvai
:*Daniel Radu
:*Bogdan Rath
:*Radu Sabău
:*Stefan Sanda
:*Dinel Stemate
:*Liviu Totolici
- Head coach: Rus Viorel
Weightlifting
Men's 108 kg
- Nicu Vlad
:*Snatch — 197.5 kg
:*Clean & Jerk — 222.5 kg
:*Total — 420.0 kg (→ 16x16px Bronze Medal)
