Roland Emmerich (; born 10 November 1955) is a German and American filmmaker. Emmerich is widely known for his science fiction and disaster films and has been called a "master of disaster" within the movie industry. His films, most of which are English-language Hollywood productions, have made more than $3 billion worldwide, including just over $1 billion in the United States, making him the 17th-highest-grossing Hollywood director of all time.
Emmerich began his work in the film industry by directing the film The Noah's Ark Principle (1984) as part of his university thesis and also co-founded Centropolis Entertainment in 1985 with his sister. He has subsequently directed the films Universal Soldier (1992), Stargate (1994), Independence Day (1996), Godzilla (1998), The Patriot (2000), The Day After Tomorrow (2004), 10,000 BC (2008), 2012 (2009), White House Down (2013), Stonewall (2015), Independence Day: Resurgence (2016), Midway (2019), and Moonfall (2022).
Early life and career
Emmerich was born in Stuttgart, West Germany, and grew up in the nearby town of Sindelfingen. As a youth, he traveled extensively throughout Europe and North America on vacations financed by his father, Hans, the wealthy founder of a garden machinery production company. In 1977, he began attending University of Television and Film Munich with the intention of studying to become a production designer. Required to create a short film as his final thesis in 1981, he wrote and directed the full-length feature The Noah's Ark Principle, which was screened as the opening film of the 34th Berlin International Film Festival in 1984.
In 1985, he founded Centropolis Film Productions (now Centropolis Entertainment) in partnership with his sister, producer Ute Emmerich, and directed his major film debut, a fantasy feature named Joey. Dean Devlin, who appeared in Moon 44, soon joined Emmerich as his writing and producing partner, and served in this capacity until 2000. It became more commercially successful than most film industry insiders had anticipated, and spawned a highly popular media franchise.
Emmerich then directed Independence Day, an alien invasion feature, released in 1996, that became the first film to gross $100 million in less than a week and went on to become one of the most financially successful films of all time, at one point having been the second-highest-grossing film in terms of worldwide box office. Emmerich and Devlin then created the television series The Visitor, which aired on the Fox Network during 1997–1998 before being cancelled after one season.
His next film, Godzilla, opened in 1998. An extensive advertising and marketing campaign generated significant hype during the months leading up to the film's release. The film was a box office success but was met with negative reviews from critics and fans. It garnered a Saturn Award for Best Special Effects, a BMI Film Music Award, and the Audience Award for Best Director at the European Film Awards while also receiving a Razzie Award for Worst Remake or Sequel. It has only a 16% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Emmerich said that prior to getting involved with Godzilla he and Devlin had planned a disaster movie centered around an asteroid fall, which wound up cancelled after Armageddon went for a similar idea. and is Emmerich's best-reviewed film to date. After teaming up with new screenwriting partner Harald Kloser, Emmerich returned once again to directing a visual effects-laden adventure with 2004's blockbuster The Day After Tomorrow, another disaster film about a rapidly oncoming ice age brought upon by the effects of global warming. Soon afterward, he founded Reelmachine, another film production company based in Germany.
In 2008, Emmerich directed 10,000 BC, a film about the journeys of a prehistoric tribe of mammoth hunters. It was a box office hit, but consistently regarded by professional critics as his worst film, as well as one of the worst films of the year. He was slated to direct a remake of the 1966 science-fiction film Fantastic Voyage, but he eventually left project, due to clashing with its producer James Cameron. In 2009, Emmerich directed 2012, an apocalyptic disaster film based on the conspiracy theory that the ancient Mayans prophesying that the world would end on 21 December 2012. Despite mixed reviews, the film went on to be his second-highest-grossing film to date (after Independence Day) and received praise from audiences. Emmerich usually finishes production of a large-scale movie both in a time frame shorter and on a budget lower than what is typically requested by other directors.
2010s
thumb|upright|alt=Roland Emmerich at the German Film Awards in 2012 in Berlin, Germany.|Emmerich in 2012
Emmerich's next film, Anonymous, released on 28 October 2011, is based on the premise that Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford is the real author of the plays and sonnets of William Shakespeare. According to Emmerich, "It's an historical thriller because it's about who will succeed Queen Elizabeth and the struggle of the people who want to have a hand in it. It's the Tudors on one side and the Cecils on the other, and in between [the two] is the Queen. Through that story we tell how the plays written by the Earl of Oxford ended up labelled 'William Shakespeare.'" The film's box-office failures signaled a decline of Emmerich's career.
In 2011, Sony Pictures had purchased a pitch for Emmerich's project Singularity, a sci-fi epic about a man composed of nanomachines. Originally planned for a 2013 release, the project has since gone into development hell.
Emmerich directed the action-thriller film White House Down, which involved a terrorist attack on the White House by a paramilitary group. The spec script was written by James Vanderbilt and was purchased by Sony Pictures for in March 2012. The Hollywood Reporter called it "one of the biggest spec sales in quite a while". The journal said the script was similar "tonally and thematically" to the films Die Hard, Air Force One and Olympus Has Fallen (2013). Emmerich began filming in July 2012 at the La Cité Du Cinéma in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The film was released on 28 June 2013 in the United States.
Whenever asked about making a personal project, Emmerich thought it would be "a gay film", and after friends during production of Anonymous asked if he could make a film on the Stonewall riots, Emmerich got interested in the idea. Stonewall was released in 2015. He followed it with a sequel to his most successful film in Independence Day: Resurgence, released twenty years after the original Independence Day on 24 June 2016.
In November 2019, Emmerich directed the film Midway based on the battle of Midway during the Pacific Theater of World War II.
2020s
In 2020, it was announced that Emmerich's next film project would be entitled Moonfall, released in 2022 by Lionsgate. The project is a space disaster film about a mysterious force knocking the moon from its orbit around Earth, sending it on a collision course with the planet. In response, a ragtag team launches a last-ditch mission to land on the lunar surface and save Earth from annihilation. with the production budget standing at $150 million.
Future projects
Following the release of Moonfall, Emmerich said he has been working on a TV series based on T. E. Lawrence for around a decade, and stated he has three projects he would like to make, a mistaken identity period piece set in 1919 about a young writer having to take control of a film set, another about a conquistador, and a third about the death of Marilyn Monroe.
Personal life and advocacy
Emmerich owns homes in Los Angeles, New York City, London and Stuttgart. He likes to decorate his homes in a self-described "outlandish" manner, He has stated that he witnessed overt racism when producers and studio executives were opposed to allowing him to cast Will Smith for the lead in Independence Day, and reluctant to allow him to portray an interracial couple in The Day After Tomorrow. He has also stated that he has encountered homophobia from the same groups, and is vocal in his opposition to such behavior. In 2007, on behalf of the LGBT community, he held a fundraiser at his Los Angeles home for Democratic Party presidential candidate Hillary Clinton.
In 2011, he became a U.S. citizen while keeping his German citizenship. He stated he did so because he "wanted to have a vote in the next US elections" and that he waited because he "didn’t want to become an American under Bush."
He is a collector of art. Emmerich's extensive collection of artwork includes a painting of Jesus Christ wearing a Katharine Hamnett-styled T-shirt during his crucifixion, states that the decorations and pieces are not declarations of any beliefs,
Emmerich is in favor of the campaign for stunt performers to receive recognition at the Academy Awards, and has worked to raise awareness over the issue of global warming. He once was a chain-smoker who was known to smoke as many as four packs of cigarettes a day, Emmerich has often included in his films characters who are trying to quit smoking or warn against the dangers of tobacco use. Along with several other celebrities, he is a producer of The 1 Second Film, a non-profit project intended to raise money for women's rights in the developing world.
Filmography
In addition to film, Emmerich also directed a one-minute commercial titled "Infinite Possibilities" for DaimlerChrysler.
Film
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! width="65"| Director
! width="65"| Writer
! Producer
|-
| 1978
| Bei Anna (short)
|
|
|
|-
| 1979
| Wilde Witwe (short)
|
|
|
|-
| 1980
| Franzmann
|
|
|
|-
| 1981
| ASA 400 (short)
|
|
|
|-
| 1984
| The Noah's Ark Principle
|
|
|
|-
| 1985
| Joey
|
|
|
|-
| 1987
| Hollywood-Monster
|
|
|
|-
| 1990
| Moon 44
|
|
|
|-
| 1992
| Universal Soldier
|
|
|
|-
| 1994
| Stargate
|
|
|
|-
| 1996
| Independence Day
|
|
|
|-
| 1998
| Godzilla
|
|
|
|-
| 2000
| The Patriot
|
|
|
|-
| 2004
| The Day After Tomorrow
|
|
|
|-
| 2008
| 10,000 BC
|
|
|
|-
| 2009
| 2012
|
|
|
|-
| 2011
| Anonymous
|
|
|
|-
| 2013
| White House Down
|
|
|
|-
| 2015
| Stonewall
|
|
|
|-
| 2016
| Independence Day: Resurgence
|
|
|
|-
| 2019
| Midway
|
|
|
|-
| 2022
| Moonfall
|
|
|
|}<!--do not put films that are 'in pre-production' or 'in development' per WP:CRYSTAL-->
Executive producer
- Eye of the Storm (1991)
- Eight Legged Freaks (2002)
- Hell (2011)
- Last Will & Testament (2012) (Documentary)
- Tides (2021)
- The Magic Flute (2022)
Producer
- The High Crusade (1994)
- The Thirteenth Floor (1999)
- Trade (2007)
Unrealized
- Roland Emmerich's unrealized projects
Television
TV movies
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! width="65"| Director
! width="65"| Executive<br />Producer
! width="65"| Writer
|-
| 1980
| Altosax
|
|
|
|-
| 2012
| Dark Horse
|
|
|
|-
|}
TV series
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year(s)
! Title
! width="65"| Director
! width="65"| Executive<br />Producer
! width="65"| Writer
! Notes
|-
| 1997–1998
| The Visitor
|
|
|
| Wrote 2 episodes
|-
| 1998–2000
| Godzilla: The Series
|
|
|
|
|-
| 2024
| Those About to Die
|
|
|
| Directed 5 episodes
|}
Critical reception
Reviewers often criticize Emmerich's films for relying heavily on visual effects and suffering from clichéd dialogue, flimsy and formulaic narratives, numerous scientific and historical inaccuracies, illogical plot developments, and lack of character depth. Emmerich contends that he is not discouraged by such criticism and that he aims to provide enjoyable "popcorn" entertainment to movie-going audiences.
In response to accusations of insensitivity for including scenes of New York City being destroyed in The Day After Tomorrow, less than three years after the September 11 attacks, Emmerich said that it was necessary to depict the event as a means to showcase the increased unity people now have when facing a disaster, because of the attacks.
Acknowledging what he characterized as flaws with Godzilla, Emmerich admitted he regretted having agreed to direct it. He stated that his lack of interest in the previous Godzilla movies, the short time he promised it would take for him to complete the film, and the studio's refusal to screen it for test audiences were all factors that may have negatively affected the quality of the final product, However, Emmerich still defends Godzilla, noting that the film was highly profitable and for being sex-negative. In response to these claims, Emmerich has said the Stonewall riots were "a white event". The film received generally negative reviews from critics.
Similarly, Emmerich touted his 2016 film Independence Day: Resurgence as having a gay couple, but when the film was released, Johnny Gayzmonic of Unicorn Booty criticized the film because the couple in question was two trivial characters lacking in believable chemistry who were utilized solely for comic relief, one of whom was needlessly killed off in a way that was not vital to the plot (the other having been depicted as strictly heterosexual in tie-in material to the first film), the characters only being revealed to have been a gay couple during the aforementioned death scene (with references to their relationship being cut from the Chinese version of the film), a fate that Gayzmonic observed befell many gay couples in film.
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|-
! rowspan="2"| Year
! rowspan="2"| Film
! Rotten Tomatoes
! Metacritic
|-
! colspan="2"| Overall
|-
| 1992 || Universal Soldier || 33% || 35/100
|-
| 1994 || Stargate || 53% || 42/100
|-
| 1996 || Independence Day || 67% || 59/100
|-
| 1998 || Godzilla || 15% || 32/100
|-
| 2000 || The Patriot || 62% || 63/100
|-
| 2004 || The Day After Tomorrow || 45% || 47/100
|-
| 2008 || 10,000 BC || 9% || 34/100
|-
| 2009 || 2012 || 40% || 49/100
|-
| 2011 || Anonymous || 45% || 50/100
|-
| 2013 || White House Down || 52% || 52/100
|-
| 2015 || Stonewall || 9% || 30/100
|-
| 2016 || Independence Day: Resurgence || 29% || 32/100
|-
| 2019 || Midway || 41% || 47/100
|-
| 2022 || Moonfall || 35% || 36/100
|}
Awards and nominations
{| class="wikitable
|-
! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Year
! scope="col" style="width:20em;"| Nominated work
! scope="col" style="width:25em;"| Category
! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Result
|-
! scope="col" colspan="6"| Golden Raspberry Awards
|-
| 1997
| Independence Day
| Worst Written Film Grossing Over $100 Million
|
|-
| rowspan="4"| 1999
| rowspan="4"| Godzilla
| Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel
|
|-
| Worst Director
|
|-
| Worst Picture
|
|-
| Worst Screenplay
|
|-
| rowspan="4"| 2017
| rowspan="4"| Independence Day: Resurgence
| Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel
|
|-
| Worst Director
|
|-
| Worst Picture
|
|-
| Worst Screenplay
|
|-
! scope="col" colspan="6"| Hugo Awards
|-
| 1997
| Independence Day
| Best Dramatic Presentation
|
|-
! scope="col" colspan="6"| Kids' Choice Award
|-
| 1997
| Independence Day
| Favorite Movie
|
|-
! scope="col" colspan="6"| Jupiter Award
|-
| rowspan="2"| 1997
| rowspan="2"| Independence Day
| Best International Director
|
|-
| Best International Film
|
|-
| 2005
| The Day After Tomorrow
| Best International Film
|
|-
! scope="col" colspan="6"| MTV Movie Awards
|-
| 1997
| Independence Day
| Best Movie
|
|-
! scope="col" colspan="6"| People's Choice Awards
|-
| 1997
| Independence Day
| Favorite Dramatic Motion Picture
|
|-
! scope="col" colspan="6"| Saturn Awards
|-
| 1997
| Independence Day
| Best Director
|
|-
| rowspan="2"| 1999
| rowspan="2"| Godzilla
| Best Director
|
|-
| Best Fantasy Film
|
|-
| 2005
| The Day After Tomorrow
| Best Science Fiction Film
|
|-
| 2010
| 2012
| Best Action or Adventure Film
|
|-
| 2017
| Independence Day: Resurgence
| Best Science Fiction Film
|
|-
! scope="col" colspan="6"| Scream Awards
|-
| 2010
| 2012
| Best Director
|
|-
! scope="col" colspan="6"| Universe Reader's Choice Award
|-
| 1996
| Independence Day
| Best Director
|
|-
|}
Notes
References
External links
- Roland Emmerich Producer Profile for The 1 Second Film
- Interview with Roland Emmerich from July 2009
- Centropolis Entertainment