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Following is a list of rivers of classical antiquity stating the Latin name, the equivalent English name, and also, in some cases, Greek and local name. The scope is intended to include, at least, rivers named and known widely in the Roman empire. This includes some rivers beyond the bounds of the Roman empire at its peak.

Map

left|thumb|Map showing selected larger rivers, as of A.D. 117

For locations of rivers having coordinates below, see linked OpenStreetMap, by clicking on "Map all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap".

Rivers

Rivers, with approximate regions, area:

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:98%"

! Latin<br/>English, (other) and older names

! Location

! class="unsortable" | Note

|-

| Abdua, Addua<br/>Adda

| Italia<br/>

|Flows through Lake Como

|-

| Achelous¹<br/>Acheloos (Achelous)

| Thessaly?<br/>

|-

| Aciris<br/>Agri

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Adonis<br/>Nahr Ibrahim (Lebanon)

| Syria<br/>

|-

| Adrana<br/>Eder

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Aenus, Oenus<br/>Inn

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Aesis<br/>Esino

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Aesontius, Sontius<br/>Soča (Isonzo)

| Pannonia Superior?<br/>

|-

| Alara<br/>Aller

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Albinia<br/>Albegna

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Albis<br/>Elbe (Labe, Łaba)

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Alpheus¹<br/>Alpheus (Alfeiós/Alpheiós)

| Achaea?<br/>

|-

| Alutus<br/>Olt

| Thracia?<br/>Moesia Inferior?<br/>

|-

| Amber<br/>Amper, Ammer

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Amisia, Amisus<br/>Ems

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Amnias<br/>Gök River

| Bithynia and Pontus<br/>

| Site of Battle of the River Amnias in 89 B.C.

|-

| Ana, Anas<br/>Guadiana

| Hispania<br/>

|-

| Anio<br/>Aniene (Teverone)

| Italia<br/>

|Tributary to the Tiber; water supply to expanding Roma.

|-

| Anisus<br/>Enns

| Noricum?<br/>

| Tributary to the Danube.

|-

| Apo<br/>Caraş (Karaš)

| Moesia Superior<br/>

| A left tributary to the Danube.

|-

| Arabo, Raba<br/>Rába (Raab)

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Arar<br/>Saône

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Araros<br/>Buzău

| Dacia?<br/>

|-

| Arauris<br/>Hérault

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Araxes<br/>Aras

| Armenia?<br/>

|-

| Arda<br/>Arda

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Ariminus<br/>Marecchia

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Armenta<br/>Fiora

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Arnus<br/>Arno

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Argessos, Argessus¹<br/>Argeş

| Dacia<br/>

|From Carpathians to the Danube. How different than Orgessos?

|-

| Arsia, Arsa<br/>Raša (Arsia)

| Dalmatia<br/>

|-

| Arula<br/>Aare

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Arva<br/>Orava

| Germania Magna?<br/>

|-

| Asis<br/>Aso

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Atax<br/>Aude

| Gallia<br/>

| From Pyrenees to Mediterranean near Narbo.

|-

| Aternus<br/>Aterno

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Atesis<br/>Adige (Etsch)

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Aufentus, or Aufidus<br/>Ufente

| Italia<br/>

| River, now channelized, through the former Pontine Marshes, where the Appian Way reached the sea.

|-

| Aufidus<br/>Ofanto

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Auvona<br/>Avon (Bristol?)

| Brittania<br/>

|-

| Avens<br/>Velino

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Axius¹<br/>Vardar (Axiós)

| Macedonia<br/>

|-

| Axona<br/>Aisne

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Baetis<br/>Guadalquivir

| Hispania<br/>

|-

| Bagradas<br/>Medjerda River

| Africa<br/>

| Site of several battles during the Punic Wars and later; see Battle of the Bagradas River.

|-

| Basana<br/>Bosna

| Dalmatia?<br/>

|-

| Boactes<br/>Vara

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Borysthenes<br/>Dnieper (Dniepr)

| Sarmatia<br/>

|-

| Bradanus<br/>Bradano

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Calipus<br/>Sado

| Hispania<br/>

|-

| Calor<br/>Calore Irpino

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Calor<br/>Calore Lucano

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Casuentus<br/>Basento

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Cephissus¹ (Athenae)<br/>Cephissus (Athens) (Kephissós, Kifissós)

| Achaea<br/>

|-

| Cephissus¹ (Boeotia)<br/>Cephissus (Boeotia)

| Achaea<br/>

|-

| Cephissus¹ (Eleusis)<br/>Cephissus (Eleusis)

| Achaea?

|-

| Chalusus, Treva<br/>Trave

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Ciabrus<br/>Tsibritsa

| Moesia<br/>

| A right tributary of the Danube; divided Moesia Superior vs. Moesia Inferior

|-

| Clanis, Glanis, Clanius<br/>Clanius Clanio, Lagni

| Italia

|-

| Clitumnus<br/>Clitunno

| Italia

| A tributary of the Topino, which is a tributary of the Tiber. The spring which is the source of the Clitumnus was regarded a beautiful place by the Romans and later by Byron and Giosuè Carducci.

|-

| Clota<br/>Clyde

| Brittania<br/>

|-

| Colapis<br/>Kupa (Kolpa)

| Dalmatia?<br/>

|-

| Conovius<br/>Conwy

| Brittania<br/>

|-

| Crathis<br/>Crati

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Crisus, Crisia<br/>Körös (Criş)

| Dacia?<br/>

|-

| Crustumium<br/>Conca

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Cusus, Vagus<br/>Váh (Vág, Waag)

| Germania Magna<br/>

|- id="Danuvius"

| Danuvius, Danubius<br/>Upper Danube (Donau, Duna, Dunaj, Dunav, Dunărea)

| Multiple

| Border of several regions of Roman Empire at times. Crossed by Trajan's Bridge, a world wonder. Some lower portion of the Danube was termed the Ister.

|-

| Dierna<br/>Cerna

| Dacia?<br/>

| Dierna was a Roman fort at its confluence with the Danube.

|-

| Dubis<br/>Doubs

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Duria maior, Duria Bautica<br/>Dora Baltea

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Duria minor<br/>Dora Riparia

| Italia<br/>

| A left tributary of the Padus.

|-

| Durius, Durias<br/>Douro (Duero)

| Hispania<br/>

|-

| Dravus<br/>Drave (Drau, Drava, Dráva)

| Pannonia?<br/>

|-

| Euphrates<br/>Euphrates

| Parthia/Mesopotamia<br/>

|-

| Feritor<br/>Bisagno

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Fertor, Frento<br/>Fortore

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Fevos<br/>Varaita

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Flosis<br/>Potenza

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Flusor<br/>Chienti

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Flussorius<br/>Fiastra

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Formio<br/>Rižana (Risano)

| Italia?<br/>

|-

| Garumna<br/>Garonne

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Genusus<br/>Shkumbin

| Macedonia<br/>

|-

| Gerros, Gerrus¹<br/>Molochnaya

| Sarmatia?<br/>

|-

| Helinius<br/>Helinium

| Belgica<br/>

|-

| Hierasus¹<br/>Siret

| Dacia<br/>

|-

| Hypanis¹<br/>Southern Bug (Boh, Buh)

| Sarmatia<br/>

|-

| Iberus<br/>Ebro (Ebre)

| Hispania<br/>

|-

| Idanus, Addua<br/>Ain

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Ilargus<br/>Iller

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Indus<br/>Dalaman River

| Asia Minor<br/>

| Not to be confused with Indus River, the great river of Asia

|-

| Ira, Iria

| Staffora<br/>

|-

| Iris<br/>Yeşilırmak

| Asia Minor<br/>

|

|-

| Isala, Sala<br/>IJssel

| Belgica<br/>

|-

| Isara, Aesia, Oesia<br/>Oise

| Belgica?, Gallia<br/>

|-

| Isara, Isarus, Isargus<br/>Isar

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Isara<br/>Isère

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Isarus, Isarcus<br/>Eisack (Isarco)

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Isaurus<br/>Foglia

| Italia<br/>

|- id="Ister"

| Ister<br/>Lower Danube (Donau, Duna, Dunaj, Dunav, Dunărea)

| <br/>

| Some lower portion of the Danube, to its mouth on Black Sea. Danuvius was upper portion.

|-

| Julia, Licus<br/>Gail

| Germania? Gallia?<br/>

|-

| Juvavus, Isonta<br/>Salzach

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Lametus

| Amato

|-

| Laus<br/>Lao

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Leontes<br/>Litani River (Lebanon)

| Syria<br/>

|-

| Licus, Lica, Licca<br/>Lech

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Liger<br/>Loire

| Gallia<br/>

|

|-

| Limia<br/>Lima

| Hispania<br/>

|-

| Liquentia<br/>Livenza

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Liris, Clanis<br/>Garigliano (Liri)

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Lupia, Luppia<br/>Lippe

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Lycus<br/>Nahr al-Kalb (Lebanon)

| Syria<br/>

|-

| Lycus<br/>Kelkit River

| Asia Minor<br/>

| Longest tributary of the Iris

|-

| Macra, Latis<br/>Maira

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Macra<br/>Magra

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Margus<br/>Velika Morava (Serbia)

| Moesia Superior<br/>

|-

| Marisus, Marisia<br/>Mureş (Maros, Marusza)

| Dacia<br/>

|-

| Mataurus, Metaurus<br/>Metauro

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Meandrum, Meander<br/>Büyük Menderes River

| Asia<br/>

|-

| Metaurus<br/>Petrace

| Italia

| River in Calabria region.

|-

| Matrona<br/>Marne

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Medoacus maior, Brinta<br/>Brenta

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Medoacus minor<br/>Bacchiglione

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Moënus<br/>Main

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Minius<br/>Minho (Miño)

| Hispania<br/>

|-

| Misco<br/>Musone

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Moldavia, Multavia<br/>Vltava (Moldau)

| Germania Magna<br/>

|-

| Monda<br/>Mondego River

| Hispania<br/>

|-

| Moravia<br/>Morava (Central Europe) (March)

| Moesia Superior?<br/>

|-

| Mosa<br/>Meuse

| Belgica, Gallia?<br/>

|-

| Mosella<br/>Moselle

| Belgica, Gallia?, Germania?<br/>

|-

| Murus<br/>Mur (Mura)

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Naparis<br/>Ialomița

| Dacia?<br/>

|-

| Naro<br/>Neretva

| Dalmatia?<br/>

|-

| Natiso<br/>Natisone

| Italia, and?<br/>

|-

| Natissis<br/>Noteć (Netze)

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Nicer<br/>Neckar

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Nilus<br/>Nile

| Ægyptus<br/>

|-

| Nura<br/>Nure

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Oenus<br/>Inn

| Germania?<br/>

|-

| Ollius, Olius<br/>Oglio

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Oltis<br/>Lot

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Olubria<br/>Scrivia

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Orbis<br/>Orbe

| Gallia?, Germania<br/>

|-

| Ordessos<br/>Argeș

| Dacia<br/>

| How different than Argessos?

|-

| Orontes<br/>Orontes River (Lebanon)

| Syria<br/>

|-

| Orgus<br/>Orco

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Panticapes<br/>Inhul

| Sarmatia<br/>

|-

| Peneus¹ (Elea)<br/>Peneus (Ilia), (Pineiós/Peneiós)

| Achaea<br/>

|-

| Peneus¹ (Tempe)<br/>Peneus (Tempe), (Pineiós/Peneiós, Salambria)

| Achaea<br/>

|-

| Padus, Eridanus¹<br/>Po

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Phrudis<br/>Bresle

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Pisaurus<br/>Foglia

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Plavis<br/>Piave

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Potentia, or Flosis?<br/>Potenza

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Pyretus<br/>Prut

| Sarmatia? or Dacia?<br/>

|-

| Rhenus<br/>Rhine (Rijn, Rhin, Rhein, Reno, Rein)

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Rabon<br/>Jiu (Zsil)

| Thracia?<br/>

|-

| Rha¹<br/>Volga

| Scythia?<br/>

|-

| Rhodanus<br/>Rhône

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Rubico<br/>Rubicon (Pisciatello, Fiumicino, Rubicone)

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Rura<br/>Ruhr

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Sabatus<br/>Sabato

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Sabatus<br/>Savuto

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Sabis<br/>Sambre

| Belgica, Gallia?<br/>

|-

| Sabis<br/>Selle

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Sabrina<br/>Severn

| Brittania<br/>

| Longest river in Brittania

|-

| Sagrus<br/>Sangro

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Sala<br/>Franconian Saale

| Germania?<br/>

| Franconian Saale, a tributary of the Moënus.

|-

| Sala<br/>Saxon Saale

| Germania<br/>

| Thurigian Saale, a tributary of the Albis.

|-

| Salsum<br/> Guadajoz

| Hispania<br/>

| A tributary of the Bætis.

|-

| Samara<br/>Somme

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Samus<br/>Someş (Szamos)

| Dacia?<br/>

| A tributary of the Tisia.

|-

| Sangarius<br/>Sakarya

| Asia Minor<br/>

|-

| Sarius<br/>Serio

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Sarāvus<br/>Saar

| Belgica?<br/>

| A right tributary of the Mosella

|-

| Sargetia<br/>Strei

| Dacia?<br/>

|-

| Savus<br/>Sava (Száva)

| Dalmatia<br/>

|-

| Scultenna<br/>Panaro (Scoltenna)

| Italia<br/>

| Right tributary to the Padus.

|-

| Secia<br/>Secchia

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Sena, Misus<br/>Misa

| Italia<br/>

| Mouth is at Sena Gallica, Roman colony that was southernmost point of Hasdrubal Barca drive to relieve Hannibal in the Second Punic War, before the Battle of Metaurus.

|-

| Silarus<br/>Sillaro

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Silarus, Silerus, Siler<br/>Sele

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Sequana<br/>Seine

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Sesites, Sessites<br/>Sesia

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Siris<br/>Sinni

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Spreva<br/>Spree

| Germania Magna<br/>

|-

| Strymon¹<br/>Struma (Karasu, Strimónis)

| Macedonia<br/>

|-

| Stura<br/>Stura di Demonte

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Suasanus<br/>Cesano

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Sybaris<br/>Coscile

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Tagus<br/>Tajo (Tejo, Tagus)

| Hispania<br/>

|-

| Tamaca<br/>Tâmega

| Hispania<br/>

|-

| Tamarus<br/>Tammaro

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Tamesis, Tamesa<br/>Thames

| Brittania<br/>

|-

| Tanager<br/>Tanagro (Negro)

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Tanais<br/>Don

| Sarmatia? or Scythia?<br/>

|-

| Tanarus<br/>Tanaro

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Tarnis<br/>Tarn

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Tarus<br/>Taro

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Tedanius<br/>Zrmanja (Zermagna)

| Dalmatia<br/>

|-

| Tessuinus<br/>Tesino

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Thader<br/>Segura

| Hispania<br/>

|-

| Tiberis, Tiber<br/>Tiber (Tevere)

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Tibiscus, Tibisis<br/>Timiş (Temes, Tamiš)

| Moesia Superior? or Dacia?<br/>

|-

| Ticinus<br/>Ticino (Tessin)

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Tigris<br/>Tigris

| Parthia/Mesopotamia<br/>

|

|-

| Timacus<br/>Timok

| Moesia Superior?<br/>

| A right tributary of the Danube.

|-

| Tinna<br/>Tenna

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Tifernus<br/>Biferno

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Tirinus<br/>Tirino

| Italia?

|-

| Tisia<br/>Tisza (Tissa, Theiss)

| Dacia<br/>

|-

| Titius, Corcoras, Korkoras¹<br/>Krka (Cherca)

| Dalmatia<br/>

|-

| Tolerus, Trerus<br/>Sacco

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Trebia<br/>Trebbia

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Trinius<br/>Trigno

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Truentus<br/>Tronto

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Tyras<br/>Dniester (Dniestr, Nistru)

| Sarmatia<br/>

|-

| Umbro<br/>Ombrone

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Vacua<br/>Vouga

| Hispania<br/>

|-

| Varta<br/>Warta (Warthe)

| Germania<br/>

| A tributary of the Viadua, and connects to the Vistula by the Natissis and a canal (at least in modern times).

|-

| Varus<br/>Stura di Lanzo

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Varus<br/>Var

| Gallia<br/>

|-

| Viadua, Viadrua, Odera<br/>Oder (Odra)

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Visurgis<br/>Weser

| Germania<br/>

|-

| Vistula<br/>Vistula (Wisła, Weichsel)

| Germania Magna<br/>

|

|-

| Volturnus<br/>Volturno

| Italia<br/>

|-

| Vomanus<br/>Vomano

| Italia<br/>

|}

¹ - Latinized spelling of a Greek name.

See also

  • List of European rivers with alternative names
  • Latin names of Portuguese rivers
  • List of Roman place names in Britain
  • Roman sites in the United Kingdom
  • Romano-British

Notes

References

  • Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire, Centre for Digital Humanities, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Dr. J. G. Th. Grässe, Orbis Latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit, online at the Bavarian State Library
  • Grässe, Orbis Latinus, online at Columbia University

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