Riccardo Gabriele Patrese (born 17 April 1954) is an Italian former racing driver, who competed in Formula One from to . Patrese was runner-up in the Formula One World Drivers' Championship in with Williams, and won six Grands Prix across 17 seasons.
Patrese became the first Formula One driver to achieve 200 Grand Prix starts when he appeared at the 1990 British Grand Prix, and then became the first to achieve 250 starts at the 1993 German Grand Prix. For 19 years, he held the record for the most Formula One Grand Prix starts, with 256 races from 257 entries. At the age of 38 he was runner-up to Nigel Mansell in the 1992 Formula One World Championship, and third in and . He won six Grands Prix, including the 1982 Monaco Grand Prix, with a record gap of over six years between two of these – the 1983 South African Grand Prix and 1990 San Marino Grand Prix.
Patrese also competed at the World Sportscar Championship for the Lancia factory team, finishing runner-up in 1982 and collecting eight wins.
Early life and career
Riccardo Gabriele Patrese was born on 17 April 1954 in Padua, Veneto. Patrese started kart racing aged nine. Growing up near the Italian Alps, he was also selected for the Italian national ski team as a teenager, and was in addition a competitive swimmer. Later that year, at the Italian Grand Prix, Patrese's reputation for aggressive driving was blamed for a first lap major incident. In part, one of the causes suggested was a premature start by the Monza race director, leading to cars at the rear of the field catching up to those in the midfield that had been fully stopped when the green signal was given. This being said, Patrese, Peterson, and 8 others were involved in a ten-car pile-up before turn one, causing a stoppage of the race. Peterson, whose injuries from the chain reaction wreck were not in and of themselves life-threatening, died from an embolism the day after the Grand Prix.
By the next race, the United States Grand Prix, five top drivers - Hunt, Lauda, Mario Andretti, Emerson Fittipaldi and Jody Scheckter - declared that unless Patrese was banned from the race that they would withdraw. The race organizers agreed to this: although Patrese later stated that he obtained a ruling from a local judge in Watkins Glen stating that the ban was a violation of his right to work, Arrows decided to withdraw his entry due to pressure from the organizers and the FIA. He returned to competition at the following race, the Canadian Grand Prix, where he finished fourth.
For years after the crash which caused Peterson's death, Hunt (along with other drivers) blamed Patrese for starting the accident, and viewers of Hunt's commentaries of Formula One races from 1980 to 1993 on BBC Television were regularly treated to bitter diatribes against Patrese when the Italian appeared on screen. Hunt, who never forgave the Italian for Peterson's death, believed that it was Patrese's muscling past that caused the McLaren driven by Hunt and the Lotus driven by Peterson to touch, but Patrese argued that he was already well ahead of the pair before the accident took place. Patrese, together with race director Gianni Restilli, stood trial in Italian criminal court on manslaughter charges for Peterson's death. Both were cleared of wrongdoing on 28 October 1981.
Return to Brabham
In 1986, Patrese returned to Brabham alongside fellow Italian Elio de Angelis, but by now the team was a spent force and would never again take a driver to victory in a grand prix. Two more winless seasons followed despite the team's BMW engine being considered at the time to be the most powerful on the grid. Despite the trials of uncompetitive machinery, Patrese never publicly criticised the team and earned respect throughout the sport for his professionalism.
Williams
thumb|left|Patrese driving for [[WilliamsF1|Williams at the 1988 Canadian Grand Prix]]
thumb|right|Patrese driving for [[WilliamsF1|Williams at the 1991 Monaco Grand Prix]]
thumb|left|Patrese in the [[Williams FW14B at the Monaco Grand Prix]]
Toward the end of the 1987 season, Patrese was given the chance to revitalise what seemed to be a declining career when the Williams driver Nigel Mansell was injured whilst qualifying for the Japanese Grand Prix. With the help of Brabham owner and Formula One boss Bernie Ecclestone, Patrese tested the Williams FW11B at Imola, where he set a time that was half a second quicker than Ayrton Senna's pole at that year's San Marino Grand Prix,
It was not until and the arrival of the V10 Renault engines that Patrese and his new teammate Thierry Boutsen were able to challenge for race wins. In his record-breaking 176th Grands Prix, Patrese led the first race of the year in Brazil (the first time he led a Grand Prix since 1983) including setting a new lap record of the Autódromo Internacional Nelson Piquet before stopping with an engine failure. In the second half of 1996, as thanks for his years of service to Williams, the team invited Patrese to test their latest car, the FW18, at Silverstone, with the Italian reportedly setting a time that would have placed him on the second row of the grid for that year's British Grand Prix.
After this, Patrese competed in the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1997. He drove a Nissan R390 GT1 for the Nissan factory team; the car was third fastest in qualifying but was forced to retire with gearbox problems. After retiring from racing, he took up show jumping, following in the footsteps of his daughters who have competed in the sport internationally. Outside of competition, he is a keen collector of model railways, in particular those manufactured by Märklin. As part of the "handover", Patrese tested a Honda RA107 at Jerez on 9 September (Barrichello was driving for Honda at the time). Schumacher subsequently came out of retirement and became the second driver to surpass Patrese's former record.
In July 2018, it was announced that Patrese would come out of retirement to compete at the Spa 24 Hours that month, competing in the pro-am category in a JAS Motorsport-run Honda NSX GT3 with Loïc Depailler (the son of former F1 driver Patrick Depailler), Bertrand Baguette and Esteban Guerrieri.
Racing record
Career summary
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align:center"
!Season
!Series
!Team
!Races
!Wins
!Poles
!F/Laps
!Podiums
!Points
!Position
|-
!rowspan=2|1976
|align=left nowrap|FIA European Formula 3 Championship
|rowspan="2" style="text-align:left"|Trivellato Racing Team
|9
|4
|1
|2
|8
|52
|style="background:#FFFFBF"|1st
|-
|align=left|Italian Formula Three Championship
|8
|3
|2
|0
|6
|42
|style="background:#FFFFBF"|1st
|-
!rowspan=2|1977
|align=left|European Formula Two
|align=left|Trivellato Racing Team
|13
|0
|2
|2
|5
|32
|4th
|-
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left nowrap|Ambrosio-Tabatip Shadow Racing Team
|9
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|20th
|-
!rowspan=2|1978
|align=left|European Formula Two
|align=left|Chevron Cars
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|
|-
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left|Arrows Racing Team
Warsteiner Arrows Racing Team
|14
|0
|0
|0
|1
|11
|12th
|-
!rowspan=2|1979
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left nowrap|Warsteiner Arrows Racing Team
|13
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|20th
|-
|align=left|World Sportscar Championship
|align=left|ASA Corse
|4
|0
|1
|0
|1
|23
|
|-
!rowspan=3|1980
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left nowrap|Warsteiner Arrows Racing Team
Warsteiner Arrows Racing with Penthouse Rizla+.
|14
|0
|0
|0
|1
|7
|9th
|-
|align=left|World Sportscar Championship
|align=left|Lancia Corse
|7
|3
|0
|0
|5
|N/A
|
|-
|align=left|BMW M1 Procar Championship
|align=left|BMW Motorsport
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|27th
|-
!rowspan=3|1981
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left|Ragno Arrows Beta Racing Team
|15
|0
|1
|0
|2
|10
|11th
|-
|align=left|World Sportscar Championship
|rowspan="2" style="text-align:left"|Martini Racing
|6
|1
|0
|0
|1
|32.5
|72nd
|-
|align=left|24 Hours of Le Mans
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|N/A
|
|-
!rowspan=3|1982
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left|Parmalat Racing
|15
|1
|0
|2
|3
|21
|10th
|-
|align=left|World Sportscar Championship
|rowspan="2" style="text-align:left"|Martini Racing
|8
|2
|2
|2
|5
|87
|style="background:#DFDFDF"|2nd
|-
|align=left|24 Hours of Le Mans
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|N/A
|
|-
!rowspan=2|1983
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left|Fila Sport
|15
|1
|1
|1
|2
|13
|9th
|-
|align=left|World Sportscar Championship
|align=left|Martini Racing
|5
|0
|0
|1
|1
|21
|18th
|-
!rowspan=2|1984
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left|Benetton Team Alfa Romeo
|16
|0
|0
|0
|1
|8
|13th
|-
|align=left|World Sportscar Championship
|align=left|Martini Racing
|5
|1
|2
|2
|1
|20
|28th
|-
!rowspan=2|1985
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left|Benetton Team Alfa Romeo
|16
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|
|-
|align=left|World Sportscar Championship
|align=left|Martini Racing
|6
|1
|5
|1
|3
|34
|14th
|-
!1986
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left|Olivetti Brabham
|16
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|17th
|-
!rowspan=2|1987
|rowspan="2" style="text-align:left"|Formula One
|align=left|Brabham
|15
|0
|0
|0
|1
|rowspan=2|6
|rowspan=2|13th
|-
|align=left|Canon Williams Honda Team
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
!1988
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left|Canon Williams Team
|16
|0
|0
|0
|0
|8
|11th
|-
!1989
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left|Canon Williams Team
|16
|0
|1
|1
|6
|40
|style="background:#FFDF9F"|3rd
|-
!1990
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left|Canon Williams
|16
|1
|0
|4
|1
|23
|7th
|-
!1991
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left|Canon Williams
|16
|2
|4
|2
|8
|53
|style="background:#FFDF9F"|3rd
|-
!1992
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left|Canon Williams Renault
|16
|1
|1
|3
|9
|56
|style="background:#DFDFDF"|2nd
|-
!1993
|align=left|Formula One
|align=left|Camel Benetton Ford
|16
|0
|0
|0
|2
|20
|5th
|-
!1995
|align=left|Super Tourenwagen Cup
|align=left|Ford Mondeo Team Schübel
|11
|0
|0
|0
|0
|5
|35th
|-
!1997
|align=left|24 Hours of Le Mans
|align=left|Nissan Motorsport
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|N/A
|
|-
!colspan="10"|
|}
Complete European Formula 3 results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%"
! Year
! Team
! Engine
! 1
! 2
! 3
! 4
! 5
! 6
! 7
! 8
! 9
! 10
!
! Pts
|-
| 1976
! nowrap| Trivellato Racing Team
! Toyota
|style="background:#FFDF9F;"| NÜR<br />
|style="background:#FFFFBF;"| ZAN<br />
|style="background:#DFDFDF;"| MAN<br />
|style="background:#CFCFFF;"| AVU<br />
|style="background:#FFFFBF;"| PER<br />
|style="background:#FFFFBF;"| MNZ<br />
|style="background:#FFDF9F;"| CET<br />
|style="background:#FFFFBF;"| KAS<br />
|style="background:#FFCFCF;"| KNU<br />
|style="background:#DFDFDF;"| VAL<br />
!style="background:#FFFFBF;"| 1st
!style="background:#FFFFBF;"| 52
|}
Complete European Formula Two Championship results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%"
|-
! Year
! Entrant
! Chassis
! Engine
! 1
! 2
! 3
! 4
! 5
! 6
! 7
! 8
! 9
! 10
! 11
! 12
! 13
!
! Pts
|-
|rowspan=3|
!rowspan=3 nowrap| Trivellato Racing Team
! nowrap| Chevron B35
!rowspan=3| BMW
|style="background:#DFFFDF;"| SIL<br/>
|style="background:#DFFFDF;"| THR<br/>
|style="background:#FFDF9F;"| HOC<br/><small></small>
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| NÜR<br/>
|colspan=9|
!rowspan=3| 4th
!rowspan=3| 32
|-
! nowrap| Chevron B40
|colspan=4|
|style="background:#CFCFFF;"| VAL<br/>
|style="background:#FFDF9F;"| PAU<br/>
|style="background:#DFDFDF;"| MUG<br/>
|style="background:#DFDFDF;"| ROU<br/>
|style="background:#DFDFDF;"| NOG<br/>
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| PER<br/>
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| MIS<br/>
|style="background:#DFFFDF;"| EST<br/>
|
|-
! nowrap| Chevron B42
|colspan=12|
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| DON<br/>
|-
|
! nowrap| Chevron Cars
! nowrap| Chevron B42
! nowrap| Hart
| THR
| HOC
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| NÜR<br/>
| PAU
| MUG
| VAL
| ROU
| DON
| NOG
| PER
| MIS
| HOC
|
! NC
! 0
|-
!colspan="19"|
|}
Driver did not finish the Grand Prix, but was classified as he completed over 90% of the race distance.
Complete 24 Hours of Le Mans results
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"
|-
! Year
! Team
! Co-Drivers
! Car
! Class
! Laps
!
!
|-
!
|align="left" nowrap| Martini Racing
|align="left" nowrap| Piercarlo Ghinzani<br/> Hans Heyer
|align="left" nowrap| Lancia Beta Monte Carlo
| Gr.5
| 186
| DNF
| DNF
|-
!
|align="left" nowrap| Martini Racing
|align="left" nowrap| Piercarlo Ghinzani<br/> Hans Heyer
|align="left" nowrap| Lancia LC1
| Gr.6
| 152
| DNF
| DNF
|-
!
|align="left" nowrap| Nissan Motorsport<br/> TWR
|align="left" nowrap| Eric van de Poele<br/> Aguri Suzuki
|align="left" nowrap| Nissan R390 GT1
| GT1
| 121
| DNF
| DNF
|-
!colspan="8"|
|}
Complete Super Tourenwagen Cup results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%"
! Year
! Team
! Car
! 1
! 2
! 3
! 4
! 5
! 6
! 7
! 8
! 9
! 10
! 11
! 12
! 13
! 14
! 15
! 16
! DC
! Pts
|-
| 1995
!nowrap| Ford Mondeo Team Schübel
!nowrap| Ford Mondeo 4x4
|style="background:#DFFFDF;"| ZOL<br />1<br /><small>18</small>
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| ZOL<br />2<br /><small>Ret</small>
| SPA<br />1
| SPA<br />2
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| ÖST<br />1<br /><small>Ret</small>
|style="background:#FFFFFF;"| ÖST<br />2<br /><small>DNS</small>
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| HOC<br />1<br /><small>Ret</small>
|style="background:#FFFFFF;"| HOC<br />2<br /><small>DNS</small>
|style="background:#CFCFFF;"| NÜR<br />1<br /><small>21</small>
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| NÜR<br />2<br /><small>Ret</small>
|style="background:#CFCFFF;"| SAL<br />1<br /><small>24</small>
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| SAL<br />2<br /><small>Ret</small>
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| AVU<br />1<br /><small>Ret</small>
|style="background:#FFFFFF;"| AVU<br />2<br /><small>DNS</small>
|style="background:#DFFFDF;"| NÜR<br />1<br /><small>19</small>
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| NÜR<br />2<br /><small>Ret</small>
! 35th
! 5
|-
!colspan="21"|