Population figures from the 2022 Census by the INE, the National Statistics Institute.
By population
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Rank
! Department
! Population (2022)
! %
|-
| align=right | 1
| Central
| align=right | 1,866,562
| align=right | 30.55%
|-
| align=right | 2
| Alto Paraná
| align=right | 784,839
| align=right | 12.85%
|-
| align=right | 3
| Asunción
| align=right | 477,346
| align=right | 7.82%
|-
| align=right | 4
| Itapúa
| align=right | 436,966
| align=right | 7.15%
|-
| align=right | 5
| Caaguazú
| align=right | 430,142
| align=right | 7.04%
|-
| align=right | 6
| San Pedro
| align=right | 341,895
| align=right | 5.6%
|-
| align=right | 7
| Cordillera
| align=right | 271,475
| align=right | 4.45%
|-
| align=right | 8
| Concepción
| align=right | 204,536
| align=right | 3.35%
|-
| align=right | 9
| Paraguarí
| align=right | 199,430
| align=right | 3.27%
|-
| align=right | 10
| Canindeyú
| align=right | 189,128
| align=right | 3.1%
|-
| align=right | 11
| Guairá
| align=right | 180,121
| align=right | 2.95%
|-
| align=right | 12
| Amambay
| align=right | 173,770
| align=right | 2.84%
|-
| align=right | 13
| Caazapá
| align=right | 140,060
| align=right | 2.29%
|-
| align=right | 14
| Presidente Hayes
| align=right | 126,880
| align=right | 2.07%
|-
| align=right | 15
| Misiones
| align=right | 114,542
| align=right | 1.87%
|-
| align=right | 16
| Ñeembucú
| align=right | 85,749
| align=right | 1.4%
|-
| align=right | 17
| Boquerón
| align=right | 68,595
| align=right | 1.12%
|-
| align=right | 18
| Alto Paraguay
| align=right | 17,608
| align=right | 0.28%
|-
|
! Paraguay
! align=right | 6,109,644
! align=right | 100%
|}
By area
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Rank
! Department
! Area (km<sup>2</sup>)
! %
|-
| align=right | 1
| Boquerón
| align=right | 91,699
| align=right | 22.5%
|-
| align=right | 2
| Alto Paraguay
| align=right | 82,349
| align=right | 20.2%
|-
| align=right | 3
| Presidente Hayes
| align=right | 72,907
| align=right | 17.9%
|-
| align=right | 4
| San Pedro
| align=right | 20,002
| align=right | 4.9%
|-
| align=right | 5
| Concepción
| align=right | 18,051
| align=right | 4.4%
|-
| align=right | 6
| Itapúa
| align=right | 16,525
| align=right | 4.1%
|-
| align=right | 7
| Alto Paraná
| align=right | 14,895
| align=right | 3.7%
|-
| align=right | 8
| Canindeyú
| align=right | 14,667
| align=right | 3.6%
|-
| align=right | 9
| Amambay
| align=right | 12,933
| align=right | 3.2%
|-
| align=right | 10
| Ñeembucú
| align=right | 12,147
| align=right | 3.0%
|-
| align=right | 11
| Caaguazú
| align=right | 11,474
| align=right | 2.8%
|-
| align=right | 12
| Misiones
| align=right | 9,556
| align=right | 2.3%
|-
| align=right | 13
| Caazapá
| align=right | 9,496
| align=right | 2.3%
|-
| align=right | 14
| Paraguarí
| align=right | 8,705
| align=right | 2.1%
|-
| align=right | 15
| Cordillera
| align=right | 4,948
| align=right | 1.2%
|-
| align=right | 16
| Guairá
| align=right | 3,846
| align=right | 0.9%
|-
| align=right | 17
| Central
| align=right | 2,465
| align=right | 0.6%
|-
| align=right | 18
| Asunción
| align=right | 117
| align=right | 0.0%
|-
|
! Paraguay
! align=right | 406,752
! align=right | 100%
|}
By density
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Rank
! Department
! Density
|-
| align=right | 1
| Asunción
| align=right | 4,453.9
|-
| align=right | 2
| Central
| align=right | 910.3
|-
| align=right | 3
| Cordillera
| align=right | 63.7
|-
| align=right | 4
| Guairá
| align=right | 59.8
|-
| align=right | 5
| Alto Paraná
| align=right | 56.5
|-
| align=right | 6
| Caaguazú
| align=right | 49.7
|-
| align=right | 7
| Itapúa
| align=right | 37.8
|-
| align=right | 8
| Paraguarí
| align=right | 29.9
|-
| align=right | 9
| San Pedro
| align=right | 22.0
|-
| align=right | 10
| Caazapá
| align=right | 20.5
|-
| align=right | 11
| Canindeyú
| align=right | 16.3
|-
| align=right | 12
| Concepción
| align=right | 14.3
|-
| align=right | 13
| Misiones
| align=right | 13.6
|-
| align=right | 14
| Amambay
| align=right | 13.5
|-
| align=right | 15
| Ñeembucú
| align=right | 7.5
|-
| align=right | 16
| Presidente Hayes
| align=right | 1.8
|-
| align=right | 17
| Boquerón
| align=right | 0.7
|-
| align=right | 18
| Alto Paraguay
| align=right | 0.2
|-
|
! Paraguay
! align=right | 18.1
|}
This is a list of regions of Paraguay by Human Development Index as of 2017.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! class="sort" |Rank
! class="sort" |Region
! class="sort" |HDI (2017)
|-
! colspan="3" style="color:#0c0;" |High human development
|-
|1
| style="text-align:left" |Central (Asunción, Central)
|0.743
|- style="background:#e6e6e6"
|–
| style="text-align:left" |
|0.702
|-
! colspan="3" style="color:#fc0;" |Medium human development
|-
|2
| style="text-align:left" |South-East (Guairá, Misiones, Paraguarí, Ñeembucú)
|0.692
|-
|3
| style="text-align:left" |North-East (Caaguazú, Alto Paraná, Canindeyú)
|0.679
|-
|4
| style="text-align:left" |South-West (Caazapá, Itapúa)
|0.678
|-
|5
| style="text-align:left" |North-West (Boquerón, Alto Paraguay, Presidente Hayes,<br /> Concepción, Amambay, San Pedro, Cordillera)
|0.674
|-
|}