Queen Alexandra's Mounted Rifles (QAMR) was an armoured unit of the New Zealand Army. The unit was first raised in 1864 and existed in various forms as an independent unit until 2025, when it was amalgamated with the 1st Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment.

History

On 16 September 1864, the Alexandra Troop of the Wanganui Cavalry Volunteers was accepted for service by the New Zealand Government. The troop was named after Princess Alexandra, the Princess of Wales. The troop saw active service in the New Zealand Wars, mainly on patrolling and despatch riding duties, before being disbanded in late 1865. Reformed as the Alexandra Cavalry Volunteers, the troop guarded Wanganui during the Titokowaru campaign (1868), and took part in the Parihaka operation (1881).

In 1868, Trooper William Lingard, a founding member of the Alexandra Troop, won the New Zealand Cross for rescuing a comrade under enemy fire at Titokowaru's pa at Tauranga Ika. In 1897 the unit was renamed the Alexandra Mounted Rifles. Volunteers from Alexandra Mounted Rifles served in South Africa during the Boer War, where Farrier Sergeant Major William James Hardham won the Victoria Cross at Naauwpoort, in January 1901, where he rescued a wounded comrade while under heavy enemy fire. In 1911 the unit became the 2nd (Wellington West Coast) Mounted Rifles.

In the First World War (1914–1918) men of the regiment saw active service in the Queen Alexandra's 2nd (Wellington West Coast) Mounted Rifles squadron of the Wellington Mounted Rifles Regiment, New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade.

The squadron of 158 men and 169 horses was initially commanded by Major Jim Elmslie. The New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade was sent from Egypt to Gallipoli in May 1915, without its horses. On Gallipoli the mounted riflemen gained a reputation as excellent scouts and hard fighters. New Zealand's mounted regiments were particularly prominent in battles fought at Outpost No 3, Table Top, Chunuk Bair and Hill 60. For his gallantry on Chunuk Bair, Major Elmslie was recommended for a posthumous Victoria Cross.

thumb|300px|right|The New Zealand Rough Riders marching through Christchurch before leaving for the [[Boer Wars|Boer War. Sir George Grey Special Collections, Auckland Libraries, 69-2.]]

Following the Hill 60 battle the 2nd Squadron could only muster 14 fit men. After the evacuation of Gallipoli in December 1915, the squadron spent the remainder of the war on horseback, fighting the Turkish Army in the Sinai Desert and in Palestine, as part of the ANZAC Mounted Division. Notable battles were fought at Rumani, Rafa, Magdhaba, Gaza, Beersheba, Ayun Kara, in the Jordan Valley and at Amman. The vehicles replaced the Army's Armoured Pinzgauers.

Queen Alexander's Mounted Rifles was amalgamated with 1 Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment, forming a Motorised Infantry Battalion, on the 5th of December 2025 at Linton Military Camp. "The combined unit will retain the name 1 RNZIR, with one sub-unit continuing under the QAMR name."

Alliances

  • – The Royal Dragoon Guards
  • – The Queen's Royal Hussars (Queen's and Royal Irish)
  • – The King's Royal Hussars
  • – The Royal Tank Regiment
  • – 2nd/14th Light Horse Regiment (Queensland Mounted Infantry)

References

  • Te Ara Website