thumb|So-called Warsaw Proskynetarion (pilgrim souvenir icon, c. 1795), [[National Museum, Warsaw|National Museum in Warsaw]]
A proskynetarion (Greek προσκυνητάριον, plural proskynetaria; from προσκύνησις, proskynesis, lit. 'kiss towards something') is a term suggesting worship and reverence, which has several concrete applications.
Islamic cultic place or object
As a rare Byzantine term meaning "oratory" or "place of worship", it was used for Islamic cultic places or objects.
Monumental icon
"Proskynetarion" can mean a monumental icon of the Eastern Orthodox Church usually depicting Christ, the Virgin Mary, or the patron saint of a church. Proskynetaria were usually made of mosaic or fresco in a marble frame and placed on the piers separating the parts of a templon in a Byzantine church, though proskynetaria of patron saints were often in the narthex or on the nave walls.
Pilgrim's guide to the Holy Land
alt=a Serbian Proskynetarion|thumb|Page from a 1662 Serbian proskynetarion (pilgrim's guide) showing the [[Church of the Holy Sepulchre]]
Proskynetaria were also a genre of Orthodox Christian pilgrim guides to the Holy Land, which appeared in the mid-17th century and flourished during the 18th. The usually small-format, accessibly written books served as practical itinerary suggestions, with descriptions of the pilgrimage sites in Palestine. They depicted a topographic overview of Christian holy sites, with the walled city of Jerusalem and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre placed at the centre.