thumb|Plan of Ayala (1911), Emiliano Zapata's manuscript

alt=Emiliano Zapata, Author of the Plan of Ayala|thumb|Emiliano Zapata, Author of the Plan of Ayala

thumb|Otilio Montaño Sánchez, co-author of the Plan of Ayala

The Plan of Ayala (Spanish: Plan de Ayala) was a document drafted by revolutionary leader Emiliano Zapata during the Mexican Revolution. In it, Zapata denounced President Francisco Madero for his perceived betrayal of the revolutionary ideals embodied in Madero's Plan de San Luis Potosí, and set out his vision of land reform. The Plan was first proclaimed on November 28, 1911, in the town of Ayala, Morelos, and was later amended on June 19, 1914. The Plan of Ayala was a key document during the revolution and influenced land reform in Mexico during the 1920s and 1930s. It was the fundamental text of the Zapatistas. This led to frustration in rural parts of Mexico. During the overthrow of Mexican president Porfirio Díaz he sided with Francisco Madero due to the promises made by Madero in the Plan of San Luis Potosí, especially those on land reform. later (after Zapata's death) shortened to "Tierra y Libertad!" ("Land and Freedom!", a phrase first used by Ricardo Flores Magón as the title for one of his books).

The Plan contains fifteen points, summarized here:

  1. Zapata denounces Madero's revolution, claiming that his only motivation was to further his own power. Zapata also states that Madero was not carrying out the Plan of San Luis Potosí.
  2. Zapata states that Madero is no longer recognized as president and states that they are attempting to overthrow him.
  3. Zapata states that the vast majority of Mexican citizens own little to no land. In addition, he states that many citizens had no way to move up in society.
  4. In addition to the previous point, owners of monopolies that oppose this plan will lose the remaining two thirds of their properties. These properties will be used as war reparations and as payment to the victims of the struggle of the revolution, especially widows and orphans. This was evident in increased membership to Zapata's Ejército Libertador del Sur ("Liberation Army of the South").

Even after the Mexican Revolution, The Plan of Ayala and Zapata's ideas still influence society. In the late 20th century, the guerrilla group Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Zapatista Army of National Liberation, EZLN) was founded in Chiapas, Mexico. EZLN's main goals are land reform and redistribution to indigenous populations.