Pinus wallichiana is a coniferous evergreen tree native to the Himalaya, Karakoram and Hindu Kush mountains, from eastern Afghanistan east across northern Pakistan and north west India to Yunnan in southwest China. It grows in mountain valleys at altitudes of 1800–4300 m (rarely as low as 1200 m), reaching in height. It favours a temperate climate with dry winters and wet summers. In Pashto, it is known as Nishtar.
This tree is often known as Bhutan pine, (not to be confused with the recently described Bhutan white pine, Pinus bhutanica, a closely related species). Other names include blue pine,
Cultivation and uses
The wood is moderately hard, durable and highly resinous. It is a good firewood but gives off a pungent resinous smoke. It is a commercial source of turpentine which is superior quality than that of P. roxburghii but is not produced so freely.
The tree became available through the European nursery trade in 1836, nine years after the Danish botanist Nathaniel Wallich first introduced seeds to England. It is a popular tree for planting in parks and large gardens, grown for its attractive foliage and large, decorative cones. It is also valued for its relatively high resistance to air pollution, tolerating this better than some other conifers.
This plant and its slow-growing cultivar 'Nana' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
Gallery
<gallery>
File:Bhutan pine foliage.JPG|Foliage
Bhutan-Paro-144-Abstieg vom Taktshang-Tigernest-Pinienzweig-gje.jpg|Branch with needles, Paro, Bhutan
File:Pinus wallichiana at VanDusen Botanical Garden.jpg|Cones, at VanDusen Botanical Garden
File:Arceuthobium minutissimum.jpg|P. wallichiana branch infected with Himalayan dwarf mistletoe
Pinus wallichiana (DSC03147).jpg|Sapling
</gallery>
References
External links
- Gymnosperm Database: Pinus wallichiana
- Photo of cones (scroll half-way down)
- Plants for a future