Papineau may refer to:
Places
Canada
- Papineau Regional County Municipality, Quebec
- Papineau (electoral district), a federal electoral district within Montreal
- Papineau station on the Montréal Métro.
- Papineau (provincial electoral district), a provincial electoral district in Quebec (Outaouais region)
United States
- Papineau, Illinois
Other uses
- Papineau (surname)
- Papineau (horse), a thoroughbred racehorse