Oranienbaum may refer to:
; Germany:
- Oranienbaum, Germany, a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
- Oranienbaum-Wörlitz
; Russia:
- Oranienbaum, Russia (), a Russian royal residence
- Lomonosov, Russia (aka Oranienbaum-Lomonosov), the former name of the adjacent town
- Oranienbaum Bridgehead
- Battle of Narva (1944) or Oranienbaum Offensive