thumb|The National Banner Song is played during the raising and lowering of the [[Flag of the Republic of China|Republic of China national flag, such as at this daily ceremony at the front of the Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall in 2005, where the flag is lowered by the honor guards of ROC Navy.]]
The National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China () is a patriotic song typically played during the raising and lowering of the flag of the Republic of China. Domestically, the flag anthem is typically played immediately following the national anthem during flag ceremonies. It is also played at international sporting events such as the World Baseball Classic and Olympic Games, where Taiwan officially participates under the name of Chinese Taipei. The song is thus considered to be effectively a secondary national anthem; Republic of China nationals and supporters stand when it is performed and salute it as they would salute the national anthem.
Origin
After the Kuomintang Anthem became the de facto National Anthem of the Republic of China in 1930, the Ministry of Education had invited submissions for a new official national anthem. The music composed by Huang Tzu was eventually chosen in 1936, but the Nationalist Government refused to adopt it as the national anthem. As a compromise, the National Anthem remained unchanged, while Huang Tzu's music was adopted as the National Flag Anthem, with lyrics written in Classical Chinese usually attributed to Tai Chi-tao, who had also contributed to the lyrics of the National Anthem.
Dispute of the author of lyrics
According to Liu Yiling from the National Library of the Republic of China, there remains a dispute over the authorship of the lyrics. In some earlier publications, the lyrics were attributed as an anonymous work.
Use
Since 1983, the song (officially with different lyrics) was used at Olympic competitions instead of the National Anthem due to pressure from the Chinese Olympic Committee and the International Olympic Committee. This also changed the symbols used by Taiwan during the Olympics and other sporting events, and their name officially changed to "Chinese Taipei" (中華臺北). During the 2004 Summer Olympics, Chinese Taipei won its first gold medals, and the Banner Song was played at the ceremonial raising of the flag of the gold medal team. When introduced, the song is officially called the "National Anthem of Chinese Taipei." However, in the 16th Asian Games held in Guangzhou, China, the song was introduced as the "Anthem of the Chinese Taipei Olympic Committee" (中華臺北奧會會歌), with new lyrics written by Chang Pi-te (張彼德).
In schools and national monuments in Taiwan, the National Anthem and the National Flag Anthem are played every morning before classes or opening at an outdoor ceremony. The national anthem is sung while the flag is being held before raising and the National Flag Anthem is played when the National Flag is raised. When the flag is lowered, only the National Flag Anthem is played.
During the 2017 Summer Universiade held in Taipei, Taiwan, the song was introduced as the "National Anthem of Chinese Taipei."
Lyrics
<score lang="lilypond" raw="1" vorbis="1">
\header {
tagline = ""
title = "國 旗 歌"
composer = ""
}
\score {
\relative c' {
\time 4/4
\tempo " 莊嚴行板"
\set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t
\tempo 4 = 82
e4^\f c8.( e16) g4 g | c b8.( a16) a4 g | a g g e8.( c16) | f8. \noBeam f16 e4 d2 | \break
e4 c8. d16 e4 g | c b8. a16 a4 g | a g g f8( e) | d8. \noBeam e16 d4 c2 | \break
\set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t
\tempo 4 = 80
d4.^\mf e8 f4 f | a a8. \noBeam a16 g8.( f16) e4 | e4.^\< g8 c4 c\! | d8. \noBeam c16 b8 \noBeam a g2 | \break
\set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t
\tempo 4 = 82
e'4.^\f e8 d8.( c16) b4 | d4. c8 b8.( a16) g4 | c c8([ g]) a([ g]) f([ e]) | d4 e8.( f16) e4 r | \break
e'4.^\ff e8 d8.( c16) b4 | d4. c8 b8.( a16) g4 | c c8([ g]) b([ a]) g([ f]) | e4 f8.( d16) c2 \bar "|."
}
\addlyrics {
山 川 壯 麗， 物 產 豐 隆， 炎 黃 世 冑， 東 亞 稱 雄。
毋 自 暴 自 棄， 毋 故 步 自 封， 光 我 民 族， 促 進 大 同。
創 業 維 艱， 緬 懷 諸 先 烈； 守 成 不 易， 莫 徒 務 近 功。
同 心 同 德， 貫 徹 始 終， 靑 天 白 日 滿 地 紅。
同 心 同 德， 貫 徹 始 終， 靑 天 白 日 滿 地 紅。
}
\layout { }
\midi { }
}
\paper {
indent = 0\mm
}
</score>
Original
{| cellpadding="5"
! Traditional Chinese<br/>(with Bopomofo)
|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;"
|<poem lang="zh-tw" style="font-size:125%">
，，，。
，，，。
，；，。
，，。
，，。</poem>
|}
{| cellpadding="5"
! Simplified Chinese<br/>(with Hanyu Pinyin)
|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;"
|<poem lang="zh-hans" style="font-size:125%">
，，，。
，，，。
，；，。
，，。
，，。</poem>
|}
{| cellpadding=7
! English literal translation
|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;"
|
<poem>Magnificent mountains and rivers, (with) bountiful and diverse goods;
Descendants of Yan and Huang, to be the heroes of East Asia.
Never abandon in desperation, nor be complacent with achievement,
Glorify our nation and work promoting Great Unity.
Pioneering work was full of hardships and (we should) commemorate those founders and martyrs,
Maintaining (their achievements) is not easy (either) and (we should) never seek only for instant benefit.
With one heart and one soul, carrying (these virtues) from beginning to end,
Blue Sky, White Sun, and a Wholly Red Earth.
<small>(repeat last two lines)</small></poem>
|}
For use as Chinese Taipei in Olympic events
Chinese Taipei Olympic Committee's Anthem share the same melody as the flag anthem, but with different lyrics written by Chang Pi-te. The lyrics were certified by the IOC in 1983.
|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;"
|<poem>
Olympic! Olympic!
Regardless of religion and race
To promote good followship and world peace
Youths from the five continents gather at the Olympic Games
In fair competition, create new records
Don’t be proud when you win
Don’t be discouraged when you loss
Strive to go forward
Faster and further
The glory of Olympic will last forever!
Strive to go forward-
Higher and stronger
The glory of Olympic will last forever!</poem>
|}
See also
- Chinese Taipei
- Flag of the Republic of China
- National Anthem of the Republic of China
References
External links
- National Flag Anthem Orchestral Version Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China.
- National Flag Anthem Chorus Version Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China.
- National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China