The National Committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference is the national-level organization that represents the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the political advisory body in the People's Republic of China.
The CPPCC National Committee is composed of a chairman, several vice chairpersons, a secretary-general and regular members. The National Committee of the CPPCC typically holds a yearly meeting at the same time as plenary sessions of the National People's Congress (NPC). The CPPCC National Committee and NPC plenary sessions are collectively called the Two Sessions. When the CPPCC National Committee is not in session, the Standing Committee of the National Committee exercises most of its powers on its behalf.
History
The 1st Session of the 1st CPPCC National Committee was held on 9 October 1949.
On 30 August 1966, the CPPCC National Committee ceased operations due to the Cultural Revolution. On 28 February 1973, with the approval of Zhou Enlai, the CPPCC National held a "Symposium to Commemorate the 26th Anniversary of the February 28 Uprising of the Taiwanese People", marking the resumption of the CPPCC National Committee's activities.
Organization
The National Committee is led by a chairman, currently Wang Huning, one of the highest-ranking offices in the country; since its establishment, all CPPCC chairpersons have been a member of the Politburo Standing Committee of the CCP except during transition periods, being at least its 4th-ranking member. The chairman is assisted by several vice chairpersons and a secretary-general, who heads the National Committee's General Office; together, they make up the Chairperson's Council, which handles the day-to-day affairs of the Standing Committee and convenes its sessions on an average of at least one committee session per month, unlike the SC-NPC which holds its sessions bimonthy. Council meetings coordinate work reports sent to the Standing Committee and the wider National Committee, review united front work, identify the issues to focus on during SC-NCCPPCC sessions and the annual general plenary, and highlight important ideological directions of the CCP. During the Two Sessions, the CPPCC and the NPC hear and discuss reports from the premier, the prosecutor general, and the chief justice. Every CPPCC plenary session makes amendments to the CPPCC charter, elects on every first plenary session the Standing Committee, which handles the regular affairs of the body, and adopts resolutions on the National Committee's "major working principles and tasks".
Membership
The National Committee is composed of deputies from various sectors of society. Deputies of the National Committee are elected for five-year terms, though this can be extended in exceptional circumstances by a two-thirds majority vote of all deputies of the Standing Committee. Besides political parties, the NC-CPPCC has also deputies from various sectors of society in its ranks. Members include scientists, academics, writers, artists, retired government officials, and entrepreneurs, among other sectors.
{| class="wikitable"
|+National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
!Political parties and independents
!People's organizations
!Sectoral representatives
!Deputies with special status
|-
|
- Chinese Communist Party
- Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang
- China Democratic League
- China National Democratic Construction Association
- China Association for Promoting Democracy
- Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party
- China Zhi Gong Party
- Jiusan Society
- Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League
- Individuals without party affiliation
|
- Communist Youth League of China and All-China Youth Federation
- All-China Federation of Trade Unions
- All-China Women's Federation
- All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce
- China Association for Science and Technology
- All-China Federation of Taiwan Compatriots
- All-China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese
|
- Sector of Literature and Arts
- Sector of Science and Technology
- Sector of Social Sciences
- Sector of Economics
- Sector of Agriculture
- Sector of Education
- Sector of Sports
- Sector of Press and Publication
- Sector of Medicine and Health
- Sector of International Friendship Activists
- Sector of Social Welfare and Social Security
- Sector of Environment and Resources
- Sector of the Ethnic Minorities
- Sector of Religious Bodies
|
- Specially Invited Hong Kong Representatives
- Specially Invited Macao Representatives
- Other Specially Invited Dignitaries to the Conference
|}
Standing Committee
The Standing Committee of the National Committee performs the duties of the CPPCC in between plenary sessions of the National Committee. It is responsible for all actions taken by the whole of the National Committee of the Conference or by individual deputies of it. According to the bylaw, the Chairman of the National Committee is Chairman of the Standing Committee ex officio.
Special Committees
The National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference contains several Special Committees, which are headed by the Standing Committee. The Special Committees typically have around sixty individual members, including a chairperson and ten or more vice-chairs. Like the main Conference, the Special Committees include a wide range of deputies from the relevant sectors forming its membership.
Social organizations
The CPPCC National Committee has three national social organizations under its jurisdiction:
- China Economic and Social Council
- China Committee on Religion and Peace
- China Institute of Theory on the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference