Mount Evelyn is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 37 km east of Melbourne's central business district, located within the Shire of Yarra Ranges local government area. Mount Evelyn recorded a population of 9,799 at the 2021 census. The town experienced a boom in the early 1930s due to the construction of the nearby Silvan Dam and Mount Evelyn Aqueduct, but was greatly affected by the depression of the same period once this project was completed in 1932.
The railway line was closed in 1965, just before the area experienced rapid population growth in the 1970s and 1980s. Together with the nearby settlements of Belgrave, Monbulk and other towns, the region developed a tourism industry that persists to this day. The town's reserves were also incorporated into the larger Dandenong Ranges National Park in the southern part of the suburb.
Contrary to popular belief, the town was not named for the daughter of the Victorian Governor of the day. The origin of the name 'Evelyn' remains a mystery.