Miriam Winter (maiden surname Winter, married surname "Orlowska"; 2 June 1933 – 19 July 2014) was a Polish Holocaust survivor and writer. She is known for her authorship of Trains: A Memoir of a Hidden Childhood during and after World War II, which explores not only her survival of the Holocaust as a 'hidden child' but also the psychological toll of keeping her identity hidden, even to herself, in post-World War II Poland.
She studied theater at the Leon Schiller Advanced State School for Theatre in Łódź before its division into separate theater and film schools. She has directed productions of Antigone, Ondine, and Peer Gynt.
Her parents, maternal grandparents Szymon and Shajna Kohn, younger brother Józio (Josef), and other members of her extended family were murdered at the Treblinka extermination camp.
Life during World War II
Miriam Winter was born in Łódź, Poland to Tobiasz (Tuvyeh) Winter and Majta Laja (Leah) Winter (maiden surname Kohn). World War II began when Miriam was six. Her family was expelled from Łódź by the Nazis and confined first in the Warsaw Ghetto and then in the Ożarów Ghetto, but Miriam's parents were able to sneak her out. She was first taken into custody by a family friend, Czesia. That was until on the train from Ożarów, Czesia found Maryla Dudek, a Catholic Pole, who assumed custody of Miriam but wasn't aware that Miriam was Jewish at the time.
Life after World War II
After liberation, Miriam lived in Lwów with Maryla, at which point her last name was changed to Dudek, and her birth date from June 1933 to September 1937. This made it easier for Miriam to pass as Maryla's daughter.