Mikhail Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich (;  – 3 August 1956) was an Imperial Russian and Soviet military commander (Lieutenant General from 1944). His family belonged to the Lithuanian nobility of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

The son of a land surveyor and a member of the minor nobility, he graduated from the Moscow Institute of Surveying - and later from the General Staff Academy. From 1892 to 1895 Bonch-Bruyevich served as an officer with the Lithuanian Life Guards Regiment, posted at Warsaw.

First World War

At the outbreak of World War I in 1914 Bonch-Bruyevich commanded the 176th Perevolochensky Regiment, based at Chernigov.