Michel Danino (born 1956) is a French-born Indian author and historical negationist. He has served as the chairperson of the National Council of Educational Research and Training's social science curriculum and was awarded the Padma Shri in 2017 for contributions to literature and education. His views on early Indian history have been criticized as aligned with Hindutva and engaging in historical negationism.
Biography
Michel Danino was born in Honfleur, France. While studying electrical engineering in France in the mid-1970s, he developed an interest in Indian civilization and philosophy. In 1977, at the age of twenty-one, he travelled to India and later joined the international township of Auroville in Tamil Nadu. In Auroville he worked on editorial and publication projects connected with the works of Sri Aurobindo and The Mother.
Danino lived in Auroville until 1982, after which he moved to the Nilgiri Mountains of southern India, where he resided for nearly two decades. During this period he was involved in environmental initiatives and worked with local groups on conservation efforts in the Nilgiris. In 2003, he settled near Coimbatore. In interviews, Danino has stated that he later obtained Indian citizenship. He has authored and edited several books on Indian history and civilization and has lectured widely at academic and educational institutions.
He has served on several academic and governmental bodies related to education and historical research. Danino was a member of the Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR) between 2015 and 2018. He served as the chairperson of the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) curriculum committee for social science and was a visiting professor in the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences at IIT Gandhinagar.
Views
Danino's works and views are influenced by Sri Aurobindo, who speculated against the Indo-Aryan migrations. Sri Aurobindo and India's Rebirth (2018) describes Danino's views on the development of Aurobindo's thought. Danino has defended the inclusion of names such as "Sindhu-Saraswati" and "Indus-Saraswati", as alternatives for the Indus Valley Civilisation, in NCERT Textbooks. He has argued that the drying of the Saraswati River was the cause of Indus Valley Civilisation's collapse.
Reception
Scholarly criticism
A proponent of Hindutva, he has been criticised for his sectarian scholarship and historical negationism.
Historian Peter Heehs' opinion of one of Danino's works, Sri Aurobindo and Indian Civilization, is that it was lacking in linguistic knowledge, and made up of attacks on colonial orientalists and half-informed invocations of nationalist orientalists. Heehs also criticised Danino's other works for appropriating Sri Aurobindo in his campaign against the Indo-Aryan migrations, and for distorting Aurobindo's speculative views as assertions. Heehs added that Danino selectively cherry-picked quotes from his draft-manuscripts and ignored his published works, which were far more nuanced.
NCERT social science curriculum changes and controversy
As head of NCERT’s social science committee, Danino has overseen the presentation of a gentle and sanitised version of Indian history. For instance, under his leadership, the Class 8 social science textbooks portray the Maratha Empire in a favourable light, while depicting the Mughal Empire highly negatively. Critics have characterised the changes as an ideological move. In an interview with ThePrint, Danino denied any ideological bias. In the same interview, he said, "We avoid all unpleasantness, thinking perhaps that this is going to, you know, traumatise the student and so on."
2026 NCERT judiciary chapter controversy
In March 2026, the Supreme Court of India directed the central government, state governments, and publicly funded institutions to disassociate from Danino and two other academics, Suparna Diwakar and Alok Prasanna Kumar, following controversy over a chapter titled “Corruption in the Judiciary” in a Class 8 NCERT social science textbook.
The Supreme Court took suo motu cognisance of the textbook chapter, which discussed corruption within the judiciary, and ordered that the three academics be barred from participating in the preparation of school curricula or textbooks for institutions receiving public funds.
Following the court’s order, NCERT reconstituted its National Syllabus and Teaching Learning Material Committee (NSTC), removing Danino and other members associated with the controversial chapter. According to the Indian Express,