Maria Harrison Hotchkiss ( Bissell; August 14, 1827 – November 10, 1901) was an American educator, heiress, and philanthropist. She was married to wealthy munitions maker Benjamin B. Hotchkiss, though long estranged. Upon receiving his inheritance she founded The Hotchkiss School, a private boarding school in Lakeville, Connecticut, in 1891.
Early life
Maria Harrison Bissell was born on August 14, 1827, in Salisbury, Connecticut. Her father was William Bissell (1794–1869), and her mother was Eliza Ann Loveland (1800–1841). She grew up of slender means on a farm in Salisbury named "Tory Hill" with her two brothers, William Loveland Bissell (1833–1922) and Charles H. Bissell (1829–1928). The family was related to Presidents William Henry Harrison and Benjamin Harrison.
By the time of the American Civil War he had become a noted munitions developer. Hotchkiss patented a line of projectiles for rifled artillery that was used extensively during that conflict.
When the U.S. government showed little interest in funding new weapons after the war Hotchkiss moved to France in 1867 - without Maria. There he set up a munitions factory, Hotchkiss et Cie, which went on to develop the renowned revolving barrel artillery piece known as the Hotchkiss gun.
Inheritance
Benjamin Hotchkiss died young, at age 58, in February 1885. Upon receiving her husband's inheritance, Maria considered macadamizing the streets of Salisbury and Sharon, Connecticut for use by automobiles. The school purchased "Tory Hill," the farm where Mrs. Hotchkiss was born and spent her childhood, in 2010.
In 1893, she founded the Hotchkiss Library in Sharon, Connecticut, helping to choose its architectural design. She was buried in Lakeville with her Bissell relatives in the Town Hill Cemetery, which lies within the campus of The Hotchkiss School.