The position of Prime Minister of Turkey was established in 1920, during the Turkish War of Independence. The prime minister was the head of the executive branch of the government along with the Cabinet. Following the 2017 constitutional referendum, the office of prime minister was abolished and the President became the head of the executive branch after the 2018 general election.
For a list of grand viziers of the predecessor Ottoman Empire, see List of Ottoman grand viziers.
List of prime ministers (1920–2018)
Heads of the Government of the Grand National Assembly (1920–1923)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |Portrait
! rowspan="2" |Name<br />
! rowspan="2" |Election<br />
! colspan="3" |Term of office
! rowspan="2" |Political party
! rowspan="2" |Cabinet
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Speaker<br />
|-
! Took office
! Left office
! Time in office
|-
! style="background:; color:white;" | 1
| 100px
| Mustafa Kemal Atatürk<br />
| rowspan="5" |1920 (1st)
| 3 May 1920 || 24 January 1921
|
| Association for Defence of National Rights
| Atatürk
! rowspan="5" style="background:; color:white;" |
| rowspan="5" |Mustafa Kemal Atatürk<br />90px<br />
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:; color:white;" | 2
| rowspan="2" |100px
| rowspan="2" |Fevzi Çakmak<br />
| rowspan="2" | 24 January 1921 || rowspan="2" | 9 July 1922
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |Association for Defence of National Rights
| Çakmak I
|-
| Çakmak II
|-
! style="background:; color:white;" | 3
| 100px
| Rauf Orbay<br />
| 12 July 1922 || 4 August 1923
|
| Association for Defence of National Rights
| Orbay
|-
! style="background:; color:white;" | 4
| 100px
| Fethi Okyar<br />
| 14 August 1923 || 27 October 1923
|
| Association for Defence of National Rights
| Okyar
|}
Prime Ministers of the Republic of Turkey (1923–2018)
;Status
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |Portrait
! rowspan="2" |Name<br />
! rowspan="2" |Election<br />
! colspan="3" |Term of office
! rowspan="2" |Political party
! rowspan="2" |Cabinet
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |President<br />
|-
! Took office
! Left office
! Time in office
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:; color:white;" | 1
| rowspan="2" |100px
| rowspan="2" |İsmet İnönü<br />
| rowspan="4" |1923 (2nd)
| rowspan="2" | 30 October 1923 || rowspan="2" | 22 November 1924
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |Republican People's Party
| İnönü I
! rowspan="9" style="background:;"|
| rowspan="9" |Mustafa Kemal Atatürk<br />90px<br />
|-
| İnönü II
|-
! style="background:; color:white;" | 2
| 100px
| Fethi Okyar<br />
| 22 November 1924 || 6 March 1925
|
| Republican People's Party
| Okyar
|-
! rowspan="5" style="background:; color:white;" | (1)
| rowspan="5" |132x132px
| rowspan="5" |İsmet İnönü<br />
| rowspan="5" | 6 March 1925 || rowspan="5" | 1 November 1937
| rowspan="5" |
| rowspan="5" |Republican People's Party
| İnönü III
|-
| rowspan="2" |1927 (3rd)
| İnönü IV
|-
| İnönü V
|-
| 1931 (4th)
| İnönü VI
|-
| rowspan="4" |1935 (5th)
| İnönü VII
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:; color:white;" | 3
| rowspan="2" |100px
| rowspan="2" |Celâl Bayar<br />
| rowspan="2" | 1 November 1937 || rowspan="2" | 25 January 1939
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |Republican People's Party
| Bayar I
|-
| Bayar II
! rowspan="9" style="background:;" |
| rowspan="9" |İsmet İnönü<br />90px<br />
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:; color:white;" | 4
| rowspan="2" |100px
| rowspan="2" |Refik Saydam<br />
| rowspan="2" | 25 January 1939 || rowspan="2" | 8 July 1942<br />
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |Republican People's Party
| Saydam I
|-
| rowspan="2" |1939 (6th)
| Saydam II
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:; color:white;" | 5
| rowspan="2" |100px
| rowspan="2" |Şükrü Saracoğlu<br />
| rowspan="2" | 8 July 1942 || rowspan="2" | 7 August 1946
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |Republican People's Party
| Saracoğlu I
|-
| 1943 (7th)
| Saracoğlu II
|-
! style="background:; color:white;" | 6
| 100px
| Recep Peker<br />
| rowspan="4" |1946 (8th)
| 7 August 1946 || 9 September 1947
|
| Republican People's Party
| Peker
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:; color:white;" | 7
| rowspan="2" |100px
| rowspan="2" |Hasan Saka<br />
| rowspan="2" | 9 September 1947 || rowspan="2" | 16 January 1949
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |Republican People's Party
| Saka I
|-
| Saka II
|-
! style="background:; color:white;" | 8
| 100px
| Şemsettin Günaltay<br />
| 16 January 1949 || 22 May 1950
|
| Republican People's Party
| Günaltay
|-
! rowspan="5" style="background:Pink; color:black;" | 9
| rowspan="5" |100px
| rowspan="5" |Adnan Menderes<br />
| rowspan="2" |1950 (9th)
| rowspan="5" | 22 May 1950 || rowspan="5" | 27 May 1960<br />
| rowspan="5" |
| rowspan="5" |Democrat Party
| Menderes I
! rowspan="5" style="background:Pink;" |
| rowspan="5" |Celâl Bayar<br />90px<br />
|-
| Menderes II
|-
| rowspan="2" |1954 (10th)
| Menderes III
|-
| Menderes IV
|-
| 1957 (11th)
| Menderes V
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:; color:black;" | 10
| rowspan="2" |100px
| rowspan="2" |Cemal Gürsel<br />
| rowspan="2" |—
| rowspan="2" | 27 May 1960 || rowspan="2" | 27 October 1961
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |Military
| Gürsel I
! rowspan="2" style="background:;" |
| rowspan="2" |National Unity Committee<br />
|-
| Gürsel II
|-
! rowspan="3" style="background:; color:white;" | (1)
| rowspan="3" |100px
| rowspan="3" |İsmet İnönü<br />
| rowspan="4" |1961 (12th)
| rowspan="3" | 27 October 1961 || rowspan="3" | 20 February 1965
| rowspan="3" |
| rowspan="3" |Republican People's Party
| İnönü VIII
! rowspan="5" style="background:;" |
| rowspan="5" |Cemal Gürsel<br />90px<br />
|-
| İnönü IX
|-
| İnönü X
|-
! style="background:Magenta; color:white;" | 11
| 100px
| Suat Hayri Ürgüplü<br />
| 20 February 1965 || 27 October 1965
|
| Justice Party
| Ürgüplü
|-
! rowspan="3" style="background:Magenta; color:white;" | 12
| rowspan="3" |100px
| rowspan="3" |Süleyman Demirel<br />
| 1965 (13th)
| rowspan="3" | 27 October 1965 || rowspan="3" | 26 March 1971
| rowspan="3" |
| rowspan="3" |Justice Party
| Demirel I
|-
| rowspan="5" |1969 (14th)
| Demirel II
! rowspan="5" style="background:;" |
| rowspan="5" |Cevdet Sunay<br />90px<br />
|-
| Demirel III
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:; color:black;" | 13
| rowspan="2" |100px
| rowspan="2" |Nihat Erim<br />
| rowspan="2" | 26 March 1971 || rowspan="2" | 17 April 1972
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |Independent
| Erim I
|-
| Erim II
|-
! style="background:Orange; color:black;" | 14
| 100px
| Ferit Melen<br />
| 17 April 1972 || 15 April 1973
|
| Republican Reliance Party
| Melen
|-
! style="background:; color:black;" | 15
| 100px
| Naim Talu<br />
| rowspan="4" |1973 (15th)
| 15 April 1973 || 25 January 1974
|
| Independent
| Talu
! rowspan="8" style="background:;" |
| rowspan="8" |Fahri Korutürk<br />90px<br />
|-
! style="background:; color:white;" | 16
| 100px
| Bülent Ecevit<br />
| 25 January 1974 || 17 November 1974
|
| Republican People's Party
| Ecevit I
|-
! style="background:; color:black;" | 17
| 100px
| Sadi Irmak<br />
| 17 November 1974 || 31 March 1975
|
| Independent
| Irmak
|-
! style="background:Magenta; color:white;" | (12)
| 100px
| Süleyman Demirel<br />
| 31 March 1975 || 21 June 1977
|
| Justice Party
| Demirel IV
|-
! style="background:; color:white;" | (16)
| 100px
| Bülent Ecevit<br />
| rowspan="4" |1977 (16th)
| 21 June 1977 || 21 July 1977
|
| Republican People's Party
| Ecevit II
|-
! style="background:Magenta; color:white;" | (12)
| 100px
| Süleyman Demirel<br />
| 21 July 1977 || 5 January 1978
|
| Justice Party
| Demirel V
|-
! style="background:; color:white;" | (16)
| 100px
| Bülent Ecevit<br />
| 5 January 1978 || 12 November 1979
|
| Republican People's Party
| Ecevit III
|-
! style="background:Magenta; color:white;" | (12)
| 100px
| Süleyman Demirel<br />
| 12 November 1979 || 12 September 1980<br />
|
| Justice Party
| Demirel VI
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:; color:black;" | 18
| rowspan="2" |100px
| rowspan="2" |Bülend Ulusu<br />
| rowspan="2" |—
| rowspan="2" | 21 September 1980 || rowspan="2"| 13 December 1983
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |Military
| rowspan="2" |Ulusu
! style="background:;" |
| National Security Council<br />
|-
! rowspan="3" style="background:;" |
| rowspan="3" |Kenan Evren<br />90px<br />
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:; color:black;" | 19
| rowspan="2" |100px
| rowspan="2" |Turgut Özal<br />
| 1983 (17th)
| rowspan="2" | 13 December 1983 || rowspan="2" | 9 November 1989
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |Motherland Party
| Özal I
|-
| rowspan="3" |1987 (18th)
| Özal II
|-
! style="background:; color:black;" | 20
| 100px
| Yıldırım Akbulut<br />
| 9 November 1989 || 23 June 1991
|
| Motherland Party
| Akbulut
! rowspan="3" style="background:;" |
| rowspan="3" |Turgut Özal<br />90px<br />
|-
! style="background:; color:black;" | 21
| 100px
| Mesut Yılmaz<br />
| 23 June 1991 || 20 November 1991
|
| Motherland Party
| Yılmaz I
|-
! style="background:Purple; color:white;"| (12)
| 100px
| Süleyman Demirel<br />
| rowspan="4" |1991 (19th)
| 20 November 1991 || 16 May 1993
|
| True Path Party
| Demirel VII
|-
! rowspan="3" style="background:Purple; color:white;" | 22
| rowspan="3" |100px
| rowspan="3" |Tansu Çiller<br />
| rowspan="3" | 25 June 1993 || rowspan="3" | 6 March 1996
| rowspan="3" |
| rowspan="3" |True Path Party
| Çiller I
! rowspan="7" style="background:Purple;" |
| rowspan="7" |Süleyman Demirel<br />90px<br />
|-
| Çiller II
|-
| Çiller III
|-
! style="background:; color:black;" | (21)
| 100px
| Mesut Yılmaz<br />
| rowspan="4" |1995 (20th)
| 6 March 1996 || 28 June 1996
|
| Motherland Party
| Yılmaz II
|-
! style="background:DarkGreen; color:white;"| 23
| 100px
| Necmettin Erbakan<br />
| 28 June 1996 || 30 June 1997
|
| Welfare Party
| Erbakan
|-
! style="background:; color:black;" | (21)
| 100px
| Mesut Yılmaz<br />
| 30 June 1997 || 11 January 1999
|
| Motherland Party
| Yılmaz III
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:; color:black;" | (16)
| rowspan="2" |100px
| rowspan="2" |Bülent Ecevit<br />
| rowspan="2" | 11 January 1999 || rowspan="2" | 18 November 2002
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |Democratic Left Party
| Ecevit IV
|-
| 1999 (21st)
| Ecevit V
! rowspan="3" style="background:;" |
| rowspan="3" |Ahmet Necdet Sezer<br />90px<br />
|-
! style="background:; color:black;" | 24
| 100px
| Abdullah Gül<br />
| rowspan="2" |2002 (22nd)
| 18 November 2002 || 14 March 2003
|
| Justice and Development Party
| Gül
|-
! rowspan="3" style="background:; color:black;" | 25
| rowspan="3" |100px
| rowspan="3" |Recep Tayyip Erdoğan<br />
| rowspan="3" | 14 March 2003 || rowspan="3" | 29 August 2014
| rowspan="3" |
| rowspan="3" |Justice and Development Party
| Erdoğan I
|-
| 2007 (23nd)
| Erdoğan II
! rowspan="2" style="background:;" |
| rowspan="2" |Abdullah Gül<br />100px<br />
|-
| rowspan="2" |2011 (24th)
| Erdoğan III
|-
! rowspan="3" style="background:; color:black;" | 26
| rowspan="3" |100px
| rowspan="3" |Ahmet Davutoğlu<br />
| rowspan="3" | 29 August 2014 || rowspan="3" | 24 May 2016
| rowspan="3" |
| rowspan="3" |Justice and Development Party
| Davutoğlu I
! rowspan="4" style="background:;" |
| rowspan="4" |Recep Tayyip Erdoğan<br />100px<br />
|-
| 2015 (25th)
| Davutoğlu II
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2015 (26th)
| Davutoğlu III
|-
! style="background:; color:black;" | 27
| 100px
| Binali Yıldırım<br />
| 24 May 2016 || 9 July 2018
|
| Justice and Development Party
| Yıldırım
|}
Notes
Timeline
See also
- Prime Minister of Turkey
- List of prime ministers of Turkey by time in office
- President of Turkey
- List of presidents of Turkey
- Vice President of Turkey
- Coalition governments in Turkey
- List of cabinets of Turkey
- List of female ministers of Turkey
- List of Grand Viziers of the Ottoman Empire