List of prime ministers of Luxembourg

The prime minister of Luxembourg (; ; ) is the head of government of Luxembourg. The prime minister leads the executive branch, chairs the Cabinet and appoints its ministers.

Since 1989, the title of Prime Minister has been an official one, although the head of the government had been unofficially known by that name for some time. Between 1857 and 1989, the prime minister was styled the President of the Government, with the exception of the 25-day premiership of Mathias Mongenast. Before 1857, the prime minister was the President of the Council. In addition to these titles, the prime minister uses the title Minister of State, although this is usually relegated to a secondary title.

This is a list of prime ministers and governments since the post was founded, in 1848. In larger font are the dates of the prime ministers entering and leaving office. The smaller dates, during the respective premierships, are those of the prime ministers' governments. Luxembourg has a collegial governmental system; often, the government will present its resignation, only for the successor government to include many, if not most, of the previous ministers serving under the same prime minister. Each of the smaller dates reflects a change in the government without a change of prime minister.

Era of independents (1848–1918)

From the promulgation of the first constitution, in 1848, until the early twentieth century, Luxembourgish politics was dominated by independent politicians and statesmen. The prerogative powers of the grand duke remained undiluted, and, as such, the monarch actively chose and personally appointed the prime minister. As a result, the prime minister was often a moderate, without any strong affiliation no

to either of the two major ideological factions in the Chamber of Deputies: the secularist liberals and the Catholic conservatives.

In the early twentieth century, the emergence of socialism as a third force in Luxembourgish politics ended the dominance of independents, and further politicised the government of the country.

Prime ministers from 1848 to 1890

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | Name

! rowspan=2 | Portrait

! colspan=3 | Term of office

! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | Monarch

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

! rowspan=2 style="background-color:" |1

| rowspan=2 | Gaspard-Théodore-Ignace de la Fontaine

| rowspan=2 | 60px

| colspan=2 | 1 August 1848

| 6 December 1848

! rowspan=2 | Willem II 100px|center

| colspan=3 |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

! rowspan=2 style="background-color:" |2

| rowspan=2 | Jean-Jacques Madeleine Willmar

| rowspan=2 | 60px

| colspan=2 | 6 December 1848

| 23 September 1853

! rowspan=12 | Willem III 100px|center

| colspan=3 |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

! rowspan=2 style="background-color:" |3

| rowspan=2 | Charles-Mathias Simons

| rowspan=2 | 60px

| 23 September 1853

| 26 September 1860

| colspan=3 |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

! rowspan=2 style="background-color:" |4

| rowspan=2 | Victor, Baron de Tornaco

| rowspan=2 | 60px

| 26 September 1860

| 3 December 1867

| colspan=3 |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

! rowspan=2 style="background-color: " |5

| rowspan=2 | Lambert Joseph Emmanuel Servais

| rowspan=2 | 60px

| 3 December 1867

| 26 December 1874

| colspan=3 |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

! rowspan=2 style="background-color: " |6

| rowspan=2 | Félix, Baron de Blochausen

| rowspan=2 | 60px

| 26 December 1874

| 20 February 1885

| colspan=3 |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

! rowspan=2 style="background-color:" |7

| rowspan=2 | Jules Georges Édouard Thilges

| rowspan=2 | 60px

| colspan=2 | 20 February 1885

| 22 September 1888

| colspan=3 |

The Kingdom of the Netherlands shared the same monarchs with the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg from 1815 to 1890. The Grand Duchy has had its own monarchs since 1890.

Prime ministers from 1890 to 1918

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | Name

! rowspan=2 | Portrait

! colspan=3 | Term of office

! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | Monarch

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

! rowspan=2 style="background-color:" |8

| rowspan=2 | Paul Eyschen

| rowspan=2 | 60px

| 22 September 1888

| 11 October 1915

! rowspan=2 | Adolphe 100px|center <hr>Guillaume IV 100px|center

| colspan=3 | Resigned following a Vote of no confidence.

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

! rowspan=2 style="background-color:" |12

| rowspan=2 | Léon Kauffman

| rowspan=2 | 60px

| colspan=2 | 19 June 1917

| 28 September 1918

| colspan=3 |

Party system (1918–present)

In 1918, towards the end of World War I, a new Chamber of Deputies was elected with the explicit ambition of reviewing the constitution. Two cabinets (between 1945 and 1947) included members of every party represented in the Chamber of Deputies.

During the occupation of Luxembourg by Nazi Germany in World War II, Luxembourg was governed by a Nazi Party official, Gustav Simon. Pierre Dupong continued to lead the government in exile in the United Kingdom until the liberation of Luxembourg in December 1944, whereupon the constitutional Luxembourg government returned to the Grand Duchy. Thus, although Luxembourg was formally annexed on 30 August 1942, the prime minister of the government in exile, Pierre Dupong, is assumed to have remained prime minister throughout.

Prime ministers since 1918

Political Party:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! rowspan="2" | No.

! rowspan="2" | Name

! rowspan="2" | Portrait

! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | Political party

! colspan="3" | Term of office

! rowspan="2" | Government

! rowspan="2" | Coalition

! rowspan="2" | Monarch

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| rowspan="3" |13

| rowspan="3" |Émile Reuter

| rowspan="3" |60px

| rowspan="3" style="width:1%; background-color:;" |  

| rowspan="3" |PD

| rowspan="2" |

| rowspan="2" |28 September 1918

| rowspan="2" | 20 March 1925

| rowspan="2" |

! Marie-Adélaïde 100px|center

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

! rowspan="18" |Charlotte 100px|center

| colspan="5" |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| rowspan="2" |14

| rowspan="2" | Pierre Prüm

| rowspan="2" | 60px

| rowspan="2" style="background-color:;" |  

| rowspan="2" | PNI

| 20 March 1925

| 16 July 1926

| colspan="5" |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| rowspan="2" |15

| rowspan="2" | Joseph Bech (1st time)

| rowspan="2" | 60px

| rowspan="2" style="background-color:;" |  

| rowspan="2" | PD

| 16 July 1926

| 5 November 1937

| colspan="5" |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| rowspan="7" |16

| rowspan="7" | Pierre Dupong

| rowspan="7" | 60px

| rowspan="2" style="background-color:;" |  

| rowspan="2" | PD

| 5 November 1937

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| rowspan="5" style="background-color:;" |  

| rowspan="5" | CSV

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| 23 December 1953

| colspan="5" | Emergency government; Nazi occupation; government in exile.

Liberation Governments; neutrality ended. National Union Governments. Died in office.

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| rowspan="2" |17

| rowspan="2" | Joseph Bech (2nd time)

| rowspan="2" | 60px

| rowspan="2" style="background-color:;" |  

| rowspan="2" | CSV

| 29 December 1953

| 29 March 1958

| colspan="5" |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| rowspan="2" |18

| rowspan="2" | Pierre Frieden

| rowspan="2" | 60px

| rowspan="2" style="background-color:;" |  

| rowspan="2" | CSV

| 29 March 1958

| 23 February 1959

| colspan="5" |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| rowspan="4" |19

| rowspan="4" | Pierre Werner (1st time)

| rowspan="4" | 60px

| rowspan="4" style="background-color:;" |  

| rowspan="4" | CSV

| 2 March 1959

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

! rowspan="13" |Jean 100px|center

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| 15 June 1974

| colspan="5" |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| rowspan="2" |20

| rowspan="2" | Gaston Egmond Thorn

| rowspan="2" | 60px

| rowspan="2" style="background-color:;" |  

| rowspan="2" | DP

| 15 June 1974

| 16 July 1979

| colspan="5" |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| rowspan="3" |21

| rowspan="3" | Pierre Werner (2nd time)

| rowspan="3" | 60px

| rowspan="3" style="background-color:;" |  

| rowspan="3" | CSV

| 16 July 1979

| rowspan="2" |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| 20 July 1984

| colspan="5" |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| rowspan="4" |22

| rowspan="4" | Jacques Santer

| rowspan="4" | 60px

| rowspan="4" style="background-color:;" |  

| rowspan="4" | CSV

| 20 July 1984

| rowspan="3" |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| 26 January 1995

| colspan="5" |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| rowspan="5" |23

| rowspan="5" | Jean-Claude Juncker

| rowspan="5" | 60px

| rowspan="5" style="background-color:;" |  

| rowspan="5" | CSV

| 26 January 1995

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

! rowspan="7" |Henri 100px|center

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| rowspan="2" |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| 4 December 2013

| colspan="5" |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| rowspan="2" |24

| rowspan="2" | Xavier Bettel

| rowspan="2" | 60px

| rowspan="2" style="background-color:;" |  

| rowspan="2" | DP

| 4 December 2013

| rowspan="2" |

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| 17 November 2023

|- style"background:"#EEEEEE"

| rowspan="2" |25

| rowspan="2" | Luc Frieden

| rowspan="2" | 60px

| rowspan="2" style="background-color:|  

| rowspan="2" | CSV

| rowspan="2" |

| rowspan="2" | 17 November 2023

| rowspan="2" |

! Guillaume V 100px|center

Timeline

References

;Specific

;Bibliography

External links

Website of the Prime Minister of Luxembourg
Website of the Luxembourg Government

Era of independents (1848–1918)

Prime ministers from 1848 to 1890

Prime ministers from 1890 to 1918

Party system (1918–present)

Prime ministers since 1918

Timeline

See also

References

External links