List of political parties in Syria

This is a list of political parties in Syria, including any current or historical party since independence. Syria in early independence saw a primarily two-party system, then followed by a long period of one-party rule during Ba'athist Syria. Since the fall of the Assad regime, Syria is under political transition and has not yet seen the emergence of major political parties.

History

Early independence

During the French mandate, the National Bloc emerged to oppose French rule and fight for Syrian independence. Following independence, the bloc split into the National Party and the People's Party, which became the two major parties in the Second Syrian Republic. The Ba'ath Party also became more prominent but was not yet a dominant party.

Ba'athist Syria

Following the Ba'athist coup in 1963, the Ba'ath Party came to power and ruled during Ba'athist Syria. During this time, there were also several other allied parties with political participation, and they formed the National Progressive Front.

Contemporary

At the Syrian Revolution Victory Conference on 29 January 2025, all parties in the National Progressive Front associated with the old regime was officially banned by the Syrian caretaker government, who took power in December 2024 following the fall of the Assad regime.

Legislation

Ba'athist Syria

Under Ba'athist Syria, anyone was allowed to start a new political party, however it could not be founded on an ethnic, religious, regional or tribal basis.

In the 2012 Constitution of Ba'athist Syria, a licensed party must have:

at least 50 founding members, aged 25 or over,
who have been Syrian nationals for more than 10 years,
are not members of any other party, Syrian or non-Syrian.

Contemporary

Since the fall of the Assad regime, there has not yet been any legislation for political parties from the People's Assembly of Syria or the Syrian transitional government, although there have been discussions that president Ahmed al-Sharaa and his advisors are developing a new political party.

Political parties and organizations

Pre-2024 registered parties

{|class="wikitable"

!colspan=2|Party

!Acronym

!Leader or Chairman

!Political positions

|colspan=5|

|bgcolor=#E90606|

|People's Will Party حزب الإرادة الشعبية Ḥizb al-ʾIrāda aš-Šaʿbiyya

|–

|Qadri Jamil

|Far-left

|bgcolor=|

|Syrian Social Nationalist Party – Intifada Wing الحزب السوري القومي الاجتماعي – جناح الانتفاضة al-Ḥizb al-Sūrī al-Qawmī al-'Ijtimā'ī Intifada

|SSNP–I

|Ali Haidar

|Syncretic

|colspan=5|

|bgcolor=|

|Syrian Revolutionary Left Current

|–

|Far-left

|National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change

|–

|Hassan Abdel Azim

|–

|Solidarity Party

|–

|Arab Democratic Solidarity Party

|–

|bgcolor=#FF0000|

|–

|Mansour al-Atassi

|–

|Louay Hussein

|–

|Al-Ansar Party

|–

|Democratic Vanguard Party

|–

|National Youth for Justice and Development Party

|–

|Parwin Ibrahim

|–

|bgcolor=|

|Syrian National Youth Party Ḥizb ash-Shabāb al-Watanii as-Sūrī

|–

|Maher Merhej

|–

|bgcolor=#E90606|

|National Initiative for Administration and Change in Syria المبادرة الوطنية للإدارة والتغيير في سوريا al-Mubadarat al-Wataniat Lil'iidarat wal-Taghyir fi Sūrīyā

|NIACS

|Hassan al-Nouri

|Centre to centre-left

|–

|colspan=5|

|bgcolor=|

|Kurdish Future Movement in Syria

|–

|Mashaal Tammo

|Centre

|Yekiti Kurdistan Party – Syria

|PYKS

|Abdul Baki Yousef

|Centre

|bgcolor=green|

|Law–Citizenship–Rights Movement

|QMH

|Haytham Manna

|Centre

|bgcolor=|

|Democratic Union Party

|PYD

|Salih Muslim Asya Abdullah Mazloum Abdi

|Left-wing

|bgcolor=|

|Kurdish Democratic Unity Party

|PYDKS

|Ismail Omar

|Centre-left

|bgcolor=|

|Kurdish Democratic Progressive Party

|PDPKS

|Abd al-Hamid Darwish

|Centre-left to centre-right

|bgcolor=|

|Syrian National Democratic Alliance

|TWDS

|Alaedinne Khaled

|Left-wing

|bgcolor=|

|Honor and Rights Convention

|CDR

|Meram Dawud

|Left-wing

|bgcolor=#DA221C|

|Communist Party of Kurdistan

|KKP

|Mehmet Baran

|Far-left

|bgcolor=|

|Syria's Tomorrow Movement

|–

|Ahmad Jarba

|Centre

|bgcolor=#DB261D|

|Marxist–Leninist Communist Party (Turkey)

|MLKP

|–

|Far-left

|bgcolor=|

|Democratic Conservative Party

|–

|Humaydi Daham al-Hadi

|Centre-right

Formerly exiled parties

{|class="wikitable"

!colspan=2|Party

!Acronym

!Leader or Chairman

!Political positions

|bgcolor=black|

|Hizb ut-Tahrir حزب التحرير Ḥizb at-Taḥrīr

|HT

|Ata Abu Rashta

|Far-right

|bgcolor=|

|Muslim Brotherhood in Syria الإخوان المسلمون في سوريا al-Ikhwan al-Muslimun fi Sūrīyā

|–

|Right-wing

|bgcolor=|

|Syrian Democratic People's Party حزب الشعب الديمقراطي السوري Ḥizb al-Sha'ab ad-Dīmuqrāṭī al-Suriy

|–

|Ghias Youn al-Soud

|Centre-left

|bgcolor=|

|Communist Labour Party حزب العمل الشيوعي Ḥizb al-ʿAmal aš-Šuyūʿī

|–

|Fateh Jamous

|Far-left

|bgcolor=|

|Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party حزب البعث الديمقراطي العربي الاشتراكي Ḥizb al-Ba‘th ad-Dīmuqrāṭī al-‘Arabī al-Ishtirākī

|–

|Ibrahim Makhous

|Far-left

|bgcolor=|

|Arab Revolutionary Workers Party حزب العمال الثوري العربي Ḥizb al-'Amal al-Thawriy al-‘Arabī

|–

|Tariq Abu Al-Hassan

|Left-wing

|bgcolor=red|

|National Democratic Rally التجمع الوطني الديمقراطي at-tajammuʻ al-waţanī ad-dīmūqrāţī

|Jamal al-Atassi

|Left-wing

|bgcolor=blue|

|Ahrar - Syrian Liberal Party Hizb Ahrar - al-Hizb al-liybiraliu al-Suwriu

|Bassam Al-Kuwatli

|Right-wing

|bgcolor=|

|Kurdistan Democratic Party of Syria الحزب الديمقراطي الكُردستاني في سوريا al-Ḥizb ad-Dīmuqrāṭī al-Kurdistānī fi Sūrīyā پارتی دیموکراتی کوردستان سووری Partiya Demokrat a Kurdistanê li Sûriyê

|KDPS

|Saud Malla

|Centre

|bgcolor=|

|Assyrian Democratic Organization المنظمة الآثورية الديمقراطية al-Munazamat al-Athuriat ad-Dīymūqrātia ܡܛܟܣܬܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܬܐ ܕܝܡܩܪܛܝܬܐ Mtakasto Othurayto Demoqrotayto

|ADO

|Gabriel Moushe Gawrieh

|Centre-left

|bgcolor=|

|Syriac Union Party حزب الإتحاد السرياني في سوريا Ḥizb al-Ittiḥād al-Siryanii fi Sūrīyā ܓܒܐ ܕܚܘܝܕܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ Gabo d'Ḥuyodo Suryoyo

|SUP

|Ishow Gowriye

|Left-wing

|bgcolor=|

|Democratic Arab Socialist Union الاتحاد الاشتراكي العربي الديمقراطي al-Ittiḥād al-Ishtirākī al-'Arabī ad-Dīmūqrāṭī

|ASU

|Hassan Abdul Azim

|Left-wing

|bgcolor=|

|Assyrian Democratic Party الحزب الآشوري الديمقراطي al-Ḥizb al-Ashwry al-Diymuqratiu ܓܒܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ ܕܝܡܘܩܪܛܝܐ Gaba Aṯuraya Demoqrataya

|ADP

|Ninos Isho

|Centre-left

|bgcolor=#00CD00|

|Movement for Justice and Development in Syria حركة العدالة والبناء في سورية Ḥarakat al-'Idalat wal-Bana'a fi Sūrīyā

|MJD

|Anas al-Abdah

|Centre

|bgcolor=#00CD00|

|National Salvation Front in Syria جبهة الخلاص الوطني في سوريا Jabhat Al-Khalāṣ Al-Waṭanīy fi Sūrīya

|–

|Abdul Halim Khaddam

|Centre-left

|bgcolor=#00CD00|

|Reform Party of Syria حزب الاصلاح السوري Ḥizb Al-Iṣlāḥ Al-Sūrīy

|–

|Farid Ghadry

|Centre

Historical parties

National Progressive Front

Following the fall of the Assad regime in December 2024, the new Syrian caretaker government banned all political parties that were part of the pro-Assad National Progressive Front.