This is a list of neurologists and neurosurgeons, with their year of birth and death and nationality. This list compiles the names of neurologists and neurosurgeons with a corresponding Wikipedia biographical article, and is not necessarily a reflection of their relative importance in the field. Many neurologists and neurosurgeons are considered to be neuroscientists as well and some neurologists are also in the list of psychiatrists.
{| class="sortable wikitable"
!scope="col" style="width: 50px;" style="background-color:#6699CC| Letter
!style="background-color:#6699CC| Name
!style="background-color:#6699CC| Lifespan
!style="background-color:#6699CC| Nationality
!style="background-color:#6699CC| Eponyms
|-
| A
|Deepak Agrawal
|1970 -
|India
|DREZotomy for Neuropathic pain
|-
| A
|Joseph Abadie
|1873 - 1934
|France
|Abadie's sign of tabes dorsalis
|-
|A
|Adnan Abdallat
|1943 -
|Jordan
|Abdallat–Davis–Farrage syndrome
|-
| A
|William John Adie
|1886 - 1935
|United Kingdom
|Adie syndrome
|-
| A
|Théophile Alajouanine
|1890 - 1980
|France
|
|-
| A
|Alois Alzheimer
|1864 - 1915
|Germany
|Alzheimer's disease
|-
| A
|Gabriel Anton
|1858 - 1933
|Austria
|Anton syndrome
|-
| A
|François-Amilcar Aran
|1817 - 1861
|France
|Aran–Duchenne spinal muscular atrophy
|-
|A
|Antônio Austregésilo
|1876 - 1960
|Brazil
|
|-
| B
|Joseph Babinski
|1857 - 1932
|France
|Babinski sign
|-
| B
|Percival Bailey
|1892 - 1973
|United States
|
|-
| B
|Brenda Banwell
|1967 -
|Canada
|Multiple sclerosis, Neuromyelitis optica, MOG antibody disease
|-
| B
|Jean Alexandre Barré
|1880 - 1967
|France
|Guillain–Barré syndrome, Barré–Liéou syndrome, Barré test
|-
| B
|Henry Charlton Bastian
|1837 - 1915
|United Kingdom
|Bastian-Bruns sign
|-
| B
|Diana Beck
|1900 - 1956
|United Kingdom
|
|-
| B
| Peter Emil Becker
|1908 - 2000
|Germany
|Becker's muscular dystrophy
|-
| B
|Charles Edward Beevor
|1854 - 1908
|United Kingdom
|Beevor's sign, Beevor's axiom
|-
| B
|Vladimir Bekhterev
|1857 - 1927
|Russia
|Bekhterev–Jacobsohn reflex, Bekhterev–Mendel reflex, Bekhterev's disease, Bekhterev's mixture
|-
| B
|Charles Bell
|1774 - 1842
|United Kingdom
|Bell's palsy, Bell's phenomenon, Bell–Magendie law
|-
| B
|Morris Bender
|1905 - 1983
|United States
|
|-
| B
|Hans Berger
|1873 - 1941
|Germany
|Berger wave (rhythm)
|-
| B
|Paul Robert Bing
|1878 - 1956
|Switzerland
|Bing's sign
|-
| B
|Lucio Bini
|1908 - 1964
|Italy
|
|-
| B
|Otto Ludwig Binswanger
|1852 - 1929
|Germany
|Binswanger's disease
|-
| B
|Désiré-Magloire Bourneville
|1840 - 1909
|France
|Bourneville-Pringle syndrome
|-
| B
|Russell Brain, 1st Baron Brain
|1895 - 1966
|United Kingdom
|Brain's reflex
|-
| B
|Édouard Brissaud
|1852 - 1909
|France
|Brissaud's reflex
|-
| B
|Paul Broca
|1824 - 1880
|France
|Broca's aphasia, Broca's area
|-
| B
|Korbinian Brodmann
|1868 - 1918
|Germany
|Brodmann area
|-
| B
|David R. Brown
|1964 -
|Australia
|
|-
| B
|Józef Brudziński
|1874 - 1917
|Poland
|Brudziński's sign
|-
| B
|Ludwig Bruns
|1858 - 1916
|Germany
|Bruns apraxia, Bastian-Bruns sign, Bruns nystagmus
|-
|B
|Serafima Bryusova
|1894 - 1958
|Soviet Union
|
|-
| B
|Paul Bucy
|1904 - 1992
|United States
|Klüver–Bucy syndrome
|-
| B
|Robert A. Burton
|
|United States
|
|-
| C
|Donald Calne
|1936 -
|Canada
|
|-
| C
|Ben Carson
|1951 -
|United States
|
|-
| C
|Ugo Cerletti
|1877 - 1963
|Italy
|
|-
| C
|Charles Gilbert Chaddock
|1861 - 1936
|United States
|Chaddock reflex
|-
| C
|Jean-Martin Charcot
|1825 - 1893
|France
|Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease, Charcot–Wilbrand syndrome, Charcot–Bouchard aneurysm, Charcot's triad
|-
| C
|John Cheyne
|1777 - 1836
|British
|Cheyne–Stokes respiration
|-
| C
|Jeffrey A. Cohen
|1954 -
|United States
|
|-
| C
|Jules Cotard
|1840 - 1889
|France
|Cotard delusion
|-
| C
|Domenico Cotugno
|1736 - 1822
|Italy
|
|-
| C
|Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt
|1885 - 1964
|Canada
|Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
|-
| C
|James Crichton-Browne
|1840 - 1938
|United Kingdom
|Crichton-Browne sign
|-
| C
|MacDonald Critchley
|1900 - 1997
|United Kingdom
|
|-
| C
| Bernard Croisile
|
| France
|
|-
| C
|Jeffrey Cummings
|
|United States
|
|-
| C
|Harvey Cushing
|1869 - 1939
|United States
|Cushing reflex, Cushing's disease, Cushing's syndrome
|-
| D
|Antonio Damasio
|1944 -
|Portugal
|
|-
| D
|Hanna Damasio
|1942 -
|Portugal
|
|-
| D
|Charles Loomis Dana
|1852 – 1935
|United States
|
|-
| D
|Walter Dandy
|1886 - 1946
|United States
|Dandy–Walker syndrome
|-
|D
|Daoud Mustafa Khalid
|1917 - 2008
|Sudan
|Daoud Research Group
|-
| D
|Dirk De Ridder
|1966 -
|Belgium
|
|-
| D
|Augusta Déjerine-Klumpke
|1859 - 1927
|United States
|Dejerine-Klumpke paralysis
|-
| D
|Joseph Jules Dejerine
|1849 - 1917
|France
|Dejerine-Roussy syndrome, Dejerine-Sottas disease, Landouzy-Dejerine syndrome
|-
| D
|Mahlon DeLong
|1938 -
|United States
|
|-
| D
|Margaret Dix
|1902 - 1991
|United Kingdom
|Dix–Hallpike test
|-
| D
|Guillaume Duchenne
|1806 - 1875
|France
|Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Duchenne-Aran spinal muscular atrophy, Erb-Duchenne palsy, Duchenne smile
|-
| E
|Constantin von Economo
|1876 - 1931
|Austria
|von Economo neurons
|-
| E
|Wilhelm Heinrich Erb
|1840 - 1921
|Germany
|Erb's palsy
|-
| F
|David Ferrier
|1843 - 1924
|United Kingdom
|
|-
| F
|C. Miller Fisher
|1913 - 2012
|Canada
|Miller Fisher test, Miller Fisher Syndrome
|-
| F
|Edward Flatau
|1868 - 1932
|Poland
|
|-
| F
|Otfrid Foerster
|1873 - 1941
|Germany
|
|-
| F
|Charles Foix
|1882 - 1927
|France
|Foix–Alajouanine syndrome
|-
| F
|Walter Jackson Freeman II
|1895 - 1972
|United States
|
|-
| F
|Sigmund Freud
|1856 - 1939
|Austria
|Freudian slip
|-
|F
|Łucja Frey
|1889 - 1942
|Poland
|Frey's syndrome
|-
| F
|Nikolaus Friedreich
|1825 - 1882
|Germany
|Friedreich's ataxia, Friedreich's sign
|-
| F
|Adolf Albrecht Friedländer
|1870-1949
|Austria
|
|-
|F
|Jules Froment
|1878 - 1946
|France
|Froment's sign
|-
|G
|Paulo Garcia
|1959 - 2010
|Brazil
|
|-
| G
|Henri Gastaut
|1915 - 1995
|France
|Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
|-
| G
|Norman Geschwind
|1926 - 1984
|United States
|Geschwind syndrome, Geschwind–Galaburda hypothesis
|-
| G
|Joseph Godwin Greenfield
|1884 - 1958
|United Kingdom
|Greenfield's disease
|-
| G
|Rickman Godlee
|1849 - 1925
|United Kingdom
|
|-
| G
|Justo Gonzalo
|1910-1986
|Spain
|-
| G
|Alfred Gordon
|1874 - 1953
|France - United States
|Gordon's sign
|-
| G
|William Richard Gowers
|1845 - 1915
|United Kingdom
|Gowers' sign
|-
| G
|Georges Guillain
|1876 - 1961
|France
|Guillain–Barré syndrome, Triangle of Guillain-Mollaret
|-
| G
|Sanjay Gupta
|1969 -
|United States
|
|-
| H
|Salomón Hakim
|1922 - 2011
|Colombia
|
|-
| H
|William Alexander Hammond
|1828 - 1900
|United States
|
|-
| H
|Anita Harding
|1952 - 1995
|Ireland-United Kingdom
|
|-
| H
|Henry Head
|1861 - 1940
|United Kingdom
|
|-
| H
|Salomon Eberhard Henschen
|1847 - 1930
|Sweden
|
|-
| H
|Juha Hernesniemi
|1947 - 2023
|Finland
|
|-
| H
|Johann Hoffmann
|1857 - 1919
|Germany
|Hoffmann's reflex, Hoffmann's sign, Werdnig–Hoffmann disease
|-
| H
|Gordon Morgan Holmes
|1876 - 1965
|Ireland
|Holmes rebound phenomenon, Holmes tremor
|-
| H
|Victor Horsley
|1857 - 1916
|United Kingdom
|Horsley–Clarke apparatus
|-
| H
|Robert Roland Hughes
|1911 - 1991
|United Kingdom
|
|-
| H
|James Ramsay Hunt
|1872 - 1937
|United States
|Ramsay Hunt syndrome
|-
| H
|Janina Hurynowicz
|1894 - 1967
|Poland
|
|-
| H
|Abbashar Hussein
|1959 -
|Sudan
|
|-
| I
|Ivan Izquierdo
|1937 - 2021
|Brazil
|
|-
| J
|John Hughlings Jackson
|1834 - 1911
|United Kingdom
|Jacksonian seizure
|-
| J
|Louis Jacobsohn-Lask
|1863 - 1941
|Germany
|Bekhterev–Jacobsohn reflex
|-
| J
|Alfons Maria Jakob
|1884 - 1931
|Germany
|Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
|-
| J
|Herbert Jasper
|1906 - 1999
|Canada
|
|-
| J
|Ernő Jendrassik
|1858 - 1921
|Hungary
|Jendrassik maneuver
|-
| J
|Friedrich Jolly
|1844 - 1904
|Germany
|Jolly's test
|-
| K
|Sean Kenniff
|1969 -
|United States
|
|-
| K
|Robert Foster Kennedy
|1884 - 1952
|Ireland and United States
|Foster Kennedy syndrome
|-
| K
|Woldemar Kernig
|1840 - 1917
|Russia
|Kernig's sign
|-
| K
|Karl Kleist
|1879 - 1961
|Germany
|
|-
| K
|Gitte Moos Knudsen
|1959 -
|Denmark
|
|-
| K
|Sergei Sergeievich Korsakoff
|1854 - 1900
|Russia
|Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome, Korsakoff's syndrome
|-
| K
|Georg N. Koskinas
|1885 - 1975
|Greece
|
|-
| K
|John Krakauer
|1967 -
|United States
|
|-
|L
|Charles Lasègue
|1816 - 1883
|France
|Lasègue's sign
|-
| L
|Rita Levi-Montalcini
|1909 - 2012
|Italy
|Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
|-
|L
|Gabrielle Charlotte Lévy
|1886 - 1934
|France
|Roussy–Lévy syndrome
|-
| L
|Jean Lhermitte
|1877 - 1959
|France
|Lhermitte's sign, Lhermitte–Duclos disease
|-
| L
|Hugo Liepmann
|1863 - 1925
|Germany
|
|-
| L
|Zachary London
|1976 -
|United States
|Neuromuscular disease
|-
| M
|B. K. Misra
|1953 -
|India
|
|-
| M
|William Macewen
|1848 - 1924
|United Kingdom
|Macewen's sign
|-
| M
|Samia Maimani
|1955 - 1997
|Saudi Arabia
|
|-
| M
|Pierre Marie
|1853 - 1940
|France
|Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease
|-
| M
|Gheorghe Marinescu
|1863 - 1938
|Romania
|Marinesco–Sjögren syndrome
|-
| M
|C. David Marsden
|1938 - 1998
|United Kingdom
|
|-
| M
|Ladislas J. Meduna
|1896 - 1964
|Hungary
|
|-
| M
|Friedrich Meggendorfer
|1880 - 1953
|Germany
|
|-
| M
|Kurt Mendel
|1874 - 1946
|Germany
|Bekhterev–Mendel reflex
|-
| M
|H. Houston Merritt
|1902 - 1979
|United States
|
|-
| M
|Giovanni Mingazzini
|1859 - 1929
|Italy
|Mingazzini test
|-
| M
|Pierre Mollaret
|1898 - 1987
|France
|Triangle of Guillain-Mollaret, Mollaret's meningitis
|-
| M
|Constantin von Monakow
|1853 - 1930
|Switzerland
|
|-
| M
|Egas Moniz
|1874 - 1955
|Portugal
|Moniz sign
|-
| M
|Karin Muraszko
|1957 -
|United States
|
|-
| M
|Abraham Myerson
|1881 - 1948
|United States
|Myerson's sign
|-
| N
| Paolo Nichelli
|
| Italy
|
|-
| N
|Max Nonne
|1861 - 1959
|Germany
|
|-
| N
|Ralph Northam
|1959 -
|United States
|
|-
| O
|Herbert Olivecrona
|1891 - 1980
|Sweden
|
|-
| O
|Hermann Oppenheim
|1858 - 1919
|Germany
|Oppenheim's sign
|-
| P
|James Papez
|1883 - 1958
|United States
|Papez circuit
|-
| P
|Carlos Pardo-Villamizar
|
|Colombia
|
|-
| P
|Ambroise Paré
|1510 - 1590
|France
|
|-
| P
|James Parkinson
|1755 - 1824
|United Kingdom
|Parkinson's disease
|-
| P
|Wilder Penfield
|1891 - 1976
|United States
|
|-
| P
|Charles Poser
|1923 - 2010
|United States
|
|-
| P
|Ludvig Puusepp
|1875 - 1942
|Estonia
|
|-
| Q
|Hans Heinrich Georg Queckenstedt
|1876 - 1918
|Germany
|Queckenstedt's maneuver
|-
| R
|Marcus Raichle
|1937-
|United States
|
|-
| R
|Vilayanur S. Ramachandran
|1951-
|India
|
|-
|R
|Ricardo Ramina
|1951 -
|Brazil
|
|-
| R
|Robert Wheeler Rand
|1928 - 2013
|United States
|
|-
| R
|Wade Regehr
|
|Canada
|
|-
|R
|Franco Regli
|1931 - 2017
|Switzerland
|
|-
| R
|Helena Riggs
|1899 - 1968
|United States
|
|-
| R
|Moritz Heinrich Romberg
|1795 - 1873
|Germany
|Romberg's test
|-
| R
|Grigory Rossolimo
|1860 - 1928
|Russia
|Rossolimo's sign
|-
| S
|Oliver Sacks
|1933 - 2015
|United Kingdom
|
|-
| S
|Manfred Sakel
|1900 - 1957
|Poland
|
|-
| S
|Majid Samii
|1937 -
|Iran - Germany
|
|-
| S
|Robert Sapolsky
|1957 -
|United States
|
|-
| S
|Hermann Schloffer
|1868 - 1937
|Austria
|
|-
| S
|William Beecher Scoville
|1906 - 1984
|United States
|
|-
| S
|Jean-Athanase Sicard
|1872 - 1929
|France
|Collet-Sicard syndrome
|-
| S
|Pankaj Sharma
|
|United Kingdom
|
|-
| S
|Pratibha Singhi
|1951 -
|India
|Pediatrics
|-
| S
|Robert F. Spetzler
|1944-
|United States, Germany
|Spetzler-Martin grading of Cerebral arteriovenous malformation
|-
| S
|Roy Glenwood Spurling
|1894 - 1968
|United States
|Spurling's test
|-
| S
|Adolph Strümpell
|1853 - 1925
|Baltic German
|Strümpell-Lorrain disease, Strümpell's sign
|-
| T
|Charlie Teo
|1957-
|Australia
|
|-
| T
|Tom Bentley Throckmorton
|1885 - 1961
|United States
|Throckmorton's reflex
|-
| T
|Jules Tinel
|1879 - 1952
|France
|Tinel's sign
|-
| T
|Robert Bentley Todd
|1809 - 1860
|Ireland
|Todd's paresis
|-
| T
|Howard Henry Tooth
|1856 - 1925
|United Kingdom
|Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease
|-
| V
|Oskar Vogt
|1870 - 1959
|Germany
|
|-
|V
|N. K. Venkataramana
|
|India
|
|-
| W
|Juhn Atsushi Wada
|1924 - 2023
|Japan - Canada
|Wada test
|-
| W
|Arthur Earl Walker
|1907 - 1995
|United States
|Dandy–Walker syndrome
|-
| W
|Adolf Wallenberg
|1862 - 1949
|Germany
|Wallenberg syndrome
|-
| W
|Julius Wagner-Jauregg
|1857 - 1940
|Austria
|
|-
| W
|Robert Wartenberg
|1887 - 1956
|United States
|Wartenberg wheel
|-
| W
|Karl Friedrich Otto Westphal
|1833 - 1890
|Germany
|Edinger–Westphal nucleus
|-
| W
|Robert Whytt
|1714 - 1766
|United Kingdom
|
|-
| W
|Thomas Willis
|1621 - 1675
|United Kingdom
|Circle of Willis
|-
| W
|Samuel Alexander Kinnier Wilson
|1878 - 1937
|United Kingdom
|Wilson's disease
|-
| W
|Tissa Wijeratne
|
|Sri Lanka and Australia
|Post Covid-19 Neurological Syndrome, Serial Systemic Immune Inflammatory Indices
|-
| Y
|Gazi Yaşargil
|1925 - 2025
|Turkey
|
|-
|}
See also
- History of neurology and neurosurgery
- Neurology
- List of neuroscientists
- List of women neuroscientists
- Neurosurgery
- Head injury
- Brain damage
Bibliography
- Webb Haymaker and Francis Schiller: The Founders of Neurology: One Hundred and Forty-Six Biographical Sketches. Springfield, Ill., Charles Thomas, 1970.
- Kurt Kolle (edit.): Grosse Nervenärzte, 1-3 Vol., Stuttgart, Georg Thieme, 1963-1970.