<!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see WP:SDNONE -->
This is a list of the offices of heads of state, heads of government, cabinet, and legislature, of sovereign states. "Date of origin" refers to the most recent fundamental change in form of government, for example independence, change from absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy, revolution, new constitution.
Member and observer states of the United Nations
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Country !! Head of state !! Head of government !! Cabinet !! Legislature !! Date of origin
|-
|Afghanistan
|Supreme Leader
|Prime Minister
|Cabinet
|Leadership Council
|2021
|-
|Albania
|President
|Prime Minister
|Council of Ministers
|Parliament
|1991
|-
|Algeria
|President
|Prime Minister
|Cabinet
|Parliament
|1989
|-
|Andorra
|Co-Princes
|Head of Government
|Executive Council
|General Council
|1993
|-
|Angola
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Cabinet
|National Assembly
|2010
|-
|Antigua and Barbuda
|Monarch
|Prime Minister
|Cabinet
|Parliament
|1981
|-
|Argentina
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Ministries
|National Congress
|1994
|-
|Armenia
|President
|Prime Minister
|Cabinet
|National Assembly
|1995
|-
|Australia
|Monarch
|Premier
|State Council
|National People's Congress
|1982
|-
|Colombia
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Council of Ministers
|Congress
|1991
|-
|Comoros
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Government
|Assembly of the Union
|2002
|-
|Congo, Democratic Republic of
|President
|Prime Minister
|Government
|Parliament
|2006
|-
|Congo, Republic of
|President
|Prime Minister
|Cabinet
|Parliament
|2002
|-
|Costa Rica
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Government
|Legislative Assembly
|1949
|-
|Côte d'Ivoire
|President
|Prime Minister
|Government
|National Assembly
|2000
|-
|Croatia
|President
|Prime Minister
|Government
|Parliament
|1990
|-
|Cuba
|President
|Prime Minister
|Council of Ministers
|National Assembly of People's Power
|2019
|-
|Cyprus
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Council of Ministers
|House of Representatives
|1960
|-
|Czech Republic
|President
|Prime Minister
|Cabinet
|Parliament
|1992
|-
|Denmark
|Monarch
|Prime Minister
|Cabinet
|Parliament of Denmark
|1848
|-
|Djibouti
|President
|Prime Minister
|Council of Ministers
|National Assembly
|1992
|-
|Dominica
|President
|Prime Minister
|Cabinet
|House of Assembly
|1978
|-
|Dominican Republic
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Cabinet
|Congress
|1994
|-
|Ecuador
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Cabinet
|National Assembly
|2008
|-
|Egypt
|President
|Prime Minister
|Government
|Parliament
|1953
|-
|El Salvador
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Council of Ministers
|Legislative Assembly
|1983
|-
|Equatorial Guinea
|President
|Prime Minister
|Cabinet
|Chamber of People's Representatives
|1987
|-
|Eritrea
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Cabinet of Ministers
|National Assembly
|1993
|-
|Estonia
|President
|Prime Minister
|Cabinet
|Riigikogu
|1992, <br> (1938)
|-
|Eswatini
|King
|Prime Minister
|Cabinet
|Parliament
|2005
|-
|Ethiopia
|President
|Prime Minister
|Council of Ministers
|Federal Parliamentary Assembly
|1995
|-
|Fiji
|President
|Prime Minister
|Cabinet
|Parliament
|2014
|-
|Finland
|President
|Prime Minister
|Council of State
|Parliament
|1919
|-
|France
|President
|Prime Minister
|Council of Ministers
|Parliament
|1958
|-
|Gabon
|President
|Prime Minister
|Cabinet
|National Assembly
|1964
|-
|Gambia, The
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Cabinet
|National Assembly
|1996
|-
|Georgia
|President
|Prime Minister
|Cabinet of Georgia
|Parliament
|1995
|-
| rowspan="2"|Germany
| rowspan="2"|President
| rowspan="2"|Chancellor
| rowspan="2"|Cabinet
|Bundestag
| rowspan="2"|1949
|-
|Bundesrat
|-
|Ghana
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Council of Ministers
|Parliament
|1992
|-
|Greece
|President
|Prime Minister
|Cabinet
|Parliament
|1974
|-
|Grenada
|Monarch
|-
|United States
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Cabinet
|Congress
|1789
|-
|Uruguay
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Council of Ministers
|General Assembly
|1967
|-
|Uzbekistan
|President
|Prime Minister
|Council of Ministers
|Supreme Assembly
|1992
|-
|Vanuatu
|President
|Prime Minister
|Council of Ministers
|Parliament
|1980
|-
|Vatican City/Holy See
|Sovereign
|President of the Governorate
|Governorate
|Pontifical Commission
|1929
|-
|Venezuela
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Cabinet
|National Assembly
|1999
|-
|Vietnam
|President
|Prime Minister
|Government
|National Assembly
|1992
|-
|Yemen
|President
|Prime Minister
|Council of Ministers
|Assembly of Representatives
|1991
|-
|Zambia
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Cabinet
|National Assembly
|1991
|-
|Zimbabwe
| colspan="2" align="center" |President
|Cabinet
|Parliament
|2013
|}
Other states
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Country !! Head of State !! Head of Government !! Cabinet !! Legislature !! Date of Origin
|-
|Abkhazia
|President
|Prime Minister
| Government
|People's Assembly
|1994
|-
| rowspan="3" |Republic of China<br/>
| rowspan="3" |President
| rowspan="3" |Premier
| rowspan="3" |Executive Yuan
|National Assembly
| rowspan="3" | 1947<br>
|-
|Legislative Yuan
|-
|Control Yuan
|-
|Cook Islands
|Monarch
|Premier
|
|Parliament
|1965
|-
|Kosovo
|President
|Prime Minister
|Government
|Assembly
|2001
|-
|Niue