thumb|Coat of arms of the Margraviate of Brandenburg.
This article lists the Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg during the time when Brandenburg was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire.
The Mark, or March, of Brandenburg was one of the primary constituent states of the Holy Roman Empire. It was created in 1157 as the Margraviate of Brandenburg by Albert the Bear, Margrave of the Northern March. In 1356, by the terms of the Golden Bull of Charles IV, the Margrave of Brandenburg was given the permanent right to participate in the election of the Holy Roman Emperor with the title of Elector ().
The early rulers came from several different dynasties, but from 1415 Brandenburg and its successor states were ruled by the House of Hohenzollern for over 500 years. From 1618 onward, Brandenburg was ruled in personal union with the Duchy of Prussia. The Hohenzollerns raised Prussia to a kingdom as the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701, and from then on Brandenburg was de facto treated as part of the kingdom even though it was legally still part of the Holy Roman Empire. The titles of Margrave of Brandenburg and Elector of Brandenburg were abolished along with the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, and Brandenburg was formally integrated into Prussia. Despite this, the Prussian kings still included the title "Margrave of Brandenburg" in their royal style. From 1871 to 1918, the Hohenzollerns were also German Emperors.
Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg
House of Ascania
Partitions of Brandenburg under Ascanian rule
{|align="center" style="border-spacing: 0px; border: 1px solid black; text-align: center;"
|+
|-
| colspan=10 style="background: #fff;" |Margraviate of Brandenburg<br>(1157-1266/1267)
|-
| colspan=1 style="background: #acc;" |Krossen<br>(1266–1308)
| colspan=1 style="background: #ceb;" |Stendal<br>(1266–1318)
| colspan=1 rowspan="2" style="background: #aca;" |Neumark<br>(1266–1318)
| colspan=1 rowspan="2" style="background: #fed;" |Salzwedel<br>(1267–1317)
| colspan=1 rowspan="2" style="background: #ace;" |Stargard<br>(1267–1316)
|-
| colspan=2 style="background: #ceb;" | <!---Stendal--->
|-
| colspan=4 style="background: #fff;" |Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(<span style="background-color:#aca;">Neumark</span> then <span style="background-color:#ceb;">Stendal</span> lines)</small><br>(1318–1320)
| colspan=1 style="background: #eee;" |<small>Annexed to the<br>Duchy of Mecklenburg</small>
|}
Table of rulers
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan=2 | Ruler!!Born!!Reign!!Death!!Ruling part!!Consort!!Notes
|- style="background:#fff"
| Albert I the Bear ||100px ||c.1100||1157–1170||18 November 1170||Margraviate of Brandenburg||Sophie of Winzenburg<br>1124<br>thirteen children||First Margrave who founded a dynasty in Brandenburg. Ruler of the Northern March from 1134.
|- style="background:#fff"
| Otto I ||100px ||1128||1170–1184||8 July 1184||Margraviate of Brandenburg||Judith of Poland<br/>1148<br/>two children<br/><br/>Ada of Holland<br/>1175<br/>one child||Ruled together with his father since 1144.
|- style="background:#fff"
| Otto II the Generous ||100px ||c.1150||1184–1205||4 July 1205||Margraviate of Brandenburg||Unmarried||Left no descendants, and the Margraviate went to his brother.
|- style="background:#fff"
| Albert II ||100px ||1177||1205–1220||25 February 1220||Margraviate of Brandenburg||Matilda of Lusatia<br><small>(1185–1225)</small><br>1205<br>four children||Brother of the previous.
|- style="background:#fff"
|colspan="7" align=center|<small>Regencies of Henry I, Count of Anhalt (1220–1225), Albert I, Archbishop of Magdeburg (1220–1221), Matilda of Lusatia (1221–1225)</small>
|rowspan="3"|Children of Albert II, ruled jointly, but their children divided the margraviate.
|- style="background:#fff"
| John I
|rowspan="2"|100px ||1213||1220–1266||4 April 1266||Margraviate of Brandenburg||Sophie of Denmark<br><small>(1217–1247)</small><br>1230<br>six children<br><br>Brigitte Jutta of Saxony<br><small>(d. 4 April 1266)</small><br>1230<br>six children
|- style="background:#fff"
| Otto III the Pious ||1215||1220–1267||9 October 1267||Margraviate of Brandenburg||Beatrice of Bohemia<br>1243<br>six children
|- style="background:#acc"
| John II ||100px ||1237||1267–1281||10 September 1281||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Krossen)</small>||Hedwig of Werle<br><small>(1243–1287)</small><br>c. 1260<br>two children
|rowspan="4" style="background:#fff"|Children of John I. Despite co-rulership between them, they received different parts in the Margraviate to rule (alone or in co-rulership):
- John II received a seat at Krossen;
- Otto IV received a seat at Stendal;
- Conrad received a seat at Neumark and associated his eldest son in 1286 (who predeceased him).
|- style="background:#ceb"
| Otto IV of the Arrow ||100px ||1238||1267–1308||27 November 1308||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Stendal)</small>||Heilwig of Holstein-Kiel<br><small>(d. 1305)</small><br>1279<br>no children<br><br>Judith of Henneberg<br><small>(d. 1315)</small><br>1308<br>no children
|- style="background:#aca"
| Conrad I ||100px||1240||1267–1304||1304||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Neumark)</small>||Constance of Greater Poland<br>1260<br>Santok<br>three children
|- style="background:#aca"
| Otto VII||100px ||c. 1260||1286–1297||1297||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Neumark)</small>||Unmarried
|- style="background:#fed"
| John III of Prague||100px||1213||1267–1268||4 April 1266||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Salzwedel)</small>||Unmarried
|rowspan="4"|Children of Otto III. Despite co-rulership between them, they received different parts in the Margraviate to rule (alone or in co-rulership):
- John III (and then Otto V with Otto VI) received the seat at Salzwedel, from which Otto VI abdicated in 1286;
- Albert III received a seat in Stargard (which he ruled alone at least from 1284.
|- style="background:#fed"
| Otto V the Tall || ||1246||1267–1298||1298||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Salzwedel)</small>||Judith of Henneberg-Coburg<br><small>(1252–1327)</small><br>22 October 1268<br>four children
|- style="background:#fed"
| Otto VI the Short||100px||3/17 November 1264||1267–1286||6 July 1303||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Salzwedel)</small>||Hedwig of Habsburg<br>February 1279<br>Vienna<br>no children
|- style="background:#ace"
| Albert III||100px||c. 1250||1267–1300||Between<br>19 September and 4 December 1300||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Stargard)</small>||Matilda of Denmark<small>(d. 1300)</small><br>1268<br>four children
|- style="background:#acc"
| Conrad II|| ||1261||1281–1308||1308||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Krossen)</small>||Unmarried||With his childless death his land reverted to Stendal.
|- style="background:#fed"
| Herman the Tall ||100px ||1275||1298–1308||1 February 1308||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Salzwedel)</small>||Anne of Austria<br>1295<br>Graz<br>four children
|rowspan="2"| Children of Otto V, divided the land. Beatrice's part was then annexed to the Duchy of Świdnica-Jawor.
|- style="background:#fed"
| Beatrice (I) || ||1270||1298–1316||1316||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Upper Lusatia)</small>||Bolko I, Duke of Świdnica<br>4 October 1284<br>Berlin<br>ten children<br><br>Władysław, Duke of Bytom<br>21 September 1308<br>two children
|- style="background:#ace"
| Beatrice (II) ||||c.1270||1300–1314||22 September 1314||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Stargard)</small>||Henry II, Lord of Mecklenburg<br>1292<br>Stargard Castle<br>four children|| Daughter and heiress of Albert III. Her marriage transferred the Stargard region into the Duchy of Mecklenburg.
|- style="background:#aca"
| John IV||100px||1261||1304–1305||1305||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Neumark)</small>||Unmarried||Co-ruler of his father since 1291. His childless death reverted his lands to Stendal.
|- style="background:#ceb"
| Henry I Lackland || ||21 March 1256||1308–1318||14 February 1318||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Delitzsch since 1297; at Stendal since 1308)</small>||Agnes of Bavaria<br>1303<br>three children||Younger brother of John II, Otto IV and Conrad I. Started his co-rulership in 1297, receiving seat at Delitzsch; he ended up as successor of his childless elder brother Otto IV.
|- style="background:#fed"
|colspan="7" align=center|<small>Regency of Waldemar, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal (1308–1316)</small>
|rowspan="5"|Children of Herman, divided the land:
- John V received the core of Salzwedel;
- Matilda received a seat at Lower Lusatia;
- Agnes received a seat at Altmark;
- Jutta received a seat at Coburg.
John's childless death left the main core of Salzwedel to be reunited by his regent, Valdemar. The remaining possessions were annexed by the respective marriages.
|- style="background:#fed"
| John V the Illustrious ||||1302||1308–1317||26 March 1317||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Salzwedel)</small>||Unmarried
|- style="background:#fed"
| Matilda|| ||1296||1308–1329||31 March 1329||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Lower Lusatia)</small>||Henry IV, Duke of Żagań<br>5 January 1310<br>four children
|- style="background:#fed"
| Agnes||100px||1297||1308–1334||27 November 1334||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Altmark)</small>||Waldemar, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal<br>1309<br>no children<br><br>Otto, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg<br>1319<br>no children
|- style="background:#fed"
| Judith||100px||1301||1308–1353||1353||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Coburg)</small>||Henry IX, Count of Henneberg-Schleusingen<br>1 January 1317 or 1 February 1319<br>five children
|- style="background:#fff"
|rowspan="2"| Waldemar the Great
|rowspan="2"|100px
|rowspan="2"|1280
|style="background:#aca"|1305–1318
|rowspan="2"|14 August 1319
|style="background:#aca"|Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Neumark)</small>
|rowspan="2"|Agnes of Brandenburg-Salzwedel<br><small>(1297-27 November 1334)</small><br>1309<br>no children
|rowspan="2"| Son of Conrad, co-ruled with his uncles since 1308. Left no descendants, and the margraviate went to his underage cousin.
|- style="background:#fff"
||1318–1319||Margraviate of Brandenburg
|- style="background:#fff"
|colspan="7" align=center|<small>Regency of Wartislaw IV, Duke of Pomerania (1319–1320)</small>
|rowspan="2"|Son of Henry I. Died as a minor. After the extinction of the Ascanian dynasty in 1320, Brandenburg came under the control of the Emperor Louis IV of the House of Wittelsbach, who granted Brandenburg to his eldest son, Louis V of Bavaria.
|- style="background:#fff"
| Henry II the Child ||100px ||1302||1319–1320||26 March 1317||Margraviate of Brandenburg||Unmarried
|- style="background:#fff"
| Sophia || ||1300||1320–1356||1356||Margraviate of Brandenburg<br><small>(at Landsberg)</small>||Magnus I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg<br>1327<br>eight children|| After her death, the Margraviate of Landsberg was annexed to the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg.
|}
House of Wittelsbach
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan=2 | Ruler!!Born!!Reign!!Death!!Ruling part!!Consort!!Notes
|- style="background:#fff"
|Louis I the Brandenburger||100px||May 1315
||1323–1351||18 September 1361||Margraviate of Brandenburg||Margaret of Denmark<br>1324<br>one child<br><br>Margaret, Countess of Tyrol<br>10 February 1342<br>Meran<br>four children
|| In 1351, his brothers Louis and Otto gave up their inheritance in Bavaria, in exchange for the Electoral dignity in Brandenburg.
|- style="background:#fff;"
|Louis II the Roman||100px||7 May 1328
||1351–1365||17 May 1365||Margraviate of Brandenburg||Cunigunde of Poland<br>before 1349<br>no children<br><br>Ingeborg of Mecklenburg-Schwerin<br>1360<br>no children||Elevated in 1356 by the Holy Roman Emperor as First Elector of Brandenburg.
|- style="background:#eee;"
|Otto the Lazy||100px||1340/1342||1365–1373||15 November 1379||Electorate of Brandenburg||Catherine of Bohemia<br>19 March 1366<br>no children||Co-ruler of Brandenburg with his brother from 1351, but as a minor (b. 1346) took no part in administration until his brother's death. Abdicated in 1373 but retained the Electoral title. Died 1379.
|}
Luxembourg Dynasty
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="width:80px; background:#F8F8D8" | Image
! style="background:#F8F8D8" | Name
! style="background:#F8F8D8" | Began
! style="background:#F8F8D8" | Ended
! style="background:#F8F8D8" | Comments
|-
| 80px
| Wenceslaus<br>Wenzel
| 2 October 1373
| 29 November 1378
| Emperor Charles IV forced the last Wittelsbach Elector to abdicate, and then installed his own son, Wenceslaus. As Wenceslaus was still a minor (b. 1361), the Emperor administered the margraviate for him.
|-
| 80px
| Sigismund
| 29 November 1378
| 1388
| Younger brother of Wenceslaus; took control of Brandenburg on his brother's ascension as King of Germany and Bohemia. Gave up Brandenburg to his cousin Jobst as security for a substantial loan.
|-
| 80px
| Jobst
| 1388
| 16 January 1411
| Sigismund's first cousin, nephew of Charles IV. Elected as German King in 1410 in opposition to Sigismund, but died very shortly afterwards.
|-
| 80px
| Sigismund
| 16 January 1411
| 30 April 1415
| Following Jobst's death, Sigismund regained control of Brandenburg and was elected undisputed King of Germany.
|}
House of Hohenzollern
Partitions of Brandenburg under Hohenzollern rule
{|style="border-spacing: 0px; border: 1px solid black; text-align: center;"
|+
|-
| colspan=2 style="background: #eee;" |Electorate of Brandenburg<br>(1415–1440)
| colspan=3 style="background: #fff;" |Margraviate of Brandenburg<br>(under Luxemburg rule)
|-
| colspan=5 style="background: #eee;" | <!---Electorate--->
|-
| colspan=2 style="background: #eee;" | <!---Electorate--->
| colspan=3 style="background: #fff;" |Margraviate of Brandenburg<br>(1417–1440)
|-
| colspan=3 rowspan="5" style="background: #eee;" |Electorate of Brandenburg and Margraviate of Brandenburg-Brandenburg<bR>(1440–1618)
| colspan=1 style="background: #abc;" |Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach<br>(1440–1791)
| colspan=1 style="background: #def;" |Margraviate of Brandenburg-Kulmbach<br><small>(1st creation)</small><br>(1440–1457)
|-
| colspan=2 style="background: #abc;" | <!---Ansbach--->
|-
| colspan=1 style="background: #abc;" | <!---Ansbach--->
| colspan=1 style="background: #def;" |Margraviate of Brandenburg-Kulmbach<br><small>(2nd creation)</small><br>(1486–1495)
|-
| colspan=2 style="background: #abc;" | <!---Ansbach--->
|-
| colspan=1 rowspan="2" style="background: #abc;" | <!---Ansbach--->
| colspan=1 rowspan="2" style="background: #def;" |Margraviate of Brandenburg-Kulmbach<br><small>(3rd creation)</small><br>(1515–1557)
|-
| colspan=2 rowspan="2" style="background: #eee;" | <!---Electorate--->
| colspan=1 rowspan="2" style="background: #cba;" |Margraviate of Brandenburg-Küstrin<br>(1535–1571)
|-
| colspan=2 rowspan="2" style="background: #abc;" | <!---Ansbach--->
|-
| colspan=3 rowspan="2" style="background: #eee;" | <!---Electorate--->
|-
| colspan=1 rowspan="4" style="background: #abc;" | <!---Ansbach--->
| colspan=1 rowspan="4" style="background: #def;" |Margraviate of Brandenburg-Bayreuth<br><small>(changed seat from Kulmbach to Bayreuth)<br>(1603–1769)</small>
|-
| colspan=3 style="background: #eee;" |Electorate of Brandenburg, Duchy of Prussia and Margraviate of Brandenburg-Brandenburg<br>(1618–1701)
|-
| colspan=2 style="background: #eee;" | <!---Electorate--->
| colspan=1 rowspan="3" style="background: #fed;" |Margraviate of Brandenburg-Schwedt<br>(1692–1788)
|-
| colspan=2 rowspan="2" style="background: #eee;" |Electorate of Brandenburg and Kingdom of Prussia<br>(1701–1806)
|-
| colspan=2 rowspan="2" style="background: #abc;" | <!---Ansbach--->
|-
| colspan=3 style="background: #eee;" | <!---Electorate--->
|-
| colspan=5 style="background: #eee;" | <!---Electorate--->
|-
| colspan=5 style="background: #eee;" |Kingdom of Prussia<br>(1806–1918)
|-
|}
Table of rulers
<small>(Note: here, the numbering of the princes is the same for all principalities, as all were titled Margraves of Brandenburg, despite the different parts of land and their particular numbering of the rulers. The princes are numbered by the year of their succession.)</small>
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan=2 | Ruler!!Born!!Reign!!Death!!Ruling part!!Consort!!Notes
!Ref.
|- style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan="2"|Frederick I<br>Friedrich I
|rowspan="2"|80px
|rowspan="2"|21 September 1371
|30 April 1415 – 20 September 1440
|rowspan="2"|20 September 1440
|Electorate of Brandenburg
|rowspan="2"|Elisabeth of Bavaria-Landshut<br>18 September 1401<br>ten children
| Originally Burgrave of Nuremberg as Frederick VI. Appointed by King Sigismund in 1415 and enfeoffed in 1417.
|
|- style="background:#fff;"
||1417–1426|| Margraviate of Brandenburg||In spite of being granted with the Electorate in 1415, the Margraviate was only given to him in 1417, which he abdicated to his son in 1426. In 1420 joined all his ancestors' Nurembergian lands with Brandenburg.
|
|- bgcolor=
|rowspan="2"|John the Alchemist
|rowspan="2"|80px
|rowspan="2"|1406
|style="background:#fff;"|1426–1440
|rowspan="2"|16 November 1464
|style="background:#fff;"| Margraviate of Brandenburg
|rowspan="2"|Barbara of Saxe-Wittenberg<br>1416<br>four children
|rowspan="2"|Received the Margraviate of Brandenburg from his father. However, after the latter's death, Brandenburg was redivided, and from then on retained Kulmbach. Abdicated 1457.
|
|- style="background:#def;"
||1440–1457|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
|
|- style="background:#eee;"
|Frederick II Irontooth<br>Friedrich II Eisenzahn||80px||19 November 1413||20 September 1440 – 10 February 1471||10 February 1471|| Margraviate and Electorate of Brandenburg||Catherine of Saxony<br>11 June 1441<br>Wittenberg<br>three children|| Reunited definitely the Margraviate and the Electorate of Brandenburg; however, his father gave to his brothers the lands of Ansbach and Kulmbach.
|
|- style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan="3"|Albert I Achilles<br>Albrecht Achilles
|rowspan="3"|80px
|rowspan="3"|9 November 1414
|style="background:#abc;"|1440–1486
|rowspan="3"|11 March 1486
|style="background:#abc;"|Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach
|rowspan="3"|Margaret of Baden<br>1446<br>four children<br><br>Anna of Saxony<br> 12 November 1458<br>Ansbach<br>thirteen children
|rowspan="3"|Received Ansbach after his father's death. In 1457 inherited Kulmbach from his brother John. On the death of his brother in 1471, he became Elector.
|
|- bgcolor=#def
||1457–1486|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
|
|- style="background:#eee;"
||10 February 1471 – 11 March 1486||Electorate of Brandenburg
|
|- style="background:#eee;"
|John Cicero<br>Johann Cicero||80px||2 August 1455||11 March 1486 – 9 January 1499||9 January 1499||Electorate of Brandenburg||Margaret of Thuringia<br>15 August 1476<br>Berlin<br>six children||Eldest son of Albert Achilles.
|
|- style="background:#def;"
|Sigismund||||27 September 1468||1486–1495||26 February 1495 ||Margraviate of Brandenburg-Kulmbach||Unmarried||Received Kulmbach after his father's death. Left no descendants, and Kulmbach returned to Ansbach.
|
|- style="background:#abc;"
|rowspan="2"|Frederick I the Elder
|rowspan="2"|80px
|rowspan="2"|8 May 1460||1486–1536
|rowspan="2"|4 April 1536|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach
|rowspan="2"|Sophia of Poland<br>14 February 1479<br>Frankfurt (Oder)<br>seventeen children
|rowspan="2"| Received Ansbach after his father's death. In 1495 inherited the land of his brother. In 1515, the lands were separated again.
|
|- bgcolor=#def
||1495–1515||Margraviate of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
|
|- style="background:#eee;"
|Joachim I Nestor||80px||21 February 1484||9 January 1499 – 11 July 1535||11 July 1535|| Electorate of Brandenburg||Elizabeth of Denmark<br>10 April 1502<br>Berlin<br>five children||
|
|- style="background:#def;"
|Casimir||80px||27 December 1481||1515–1527||21 September 1527||Margraviate of Brandenburg-Kulmbach||Susanna of Bavaria<br>25 August 1518<br>Augsburg<br>five children||Eldest son of Frederick III, received Kulmbach in his father's lifetime.
|
|- style="background:#def;"
|align="center"colspan="7"|<small>Regency of George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (1527–1541)</small>
|rowspan="2"|Left no descendants, and Kulmbach returned to Ansbach.
|
|- style="background:#def;"
|Albert II Alcibiades the Warlike||80px||28 March 1522||1527–1557||8 January 1557|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Kulmbach||Unmarried
|
|- style="background:#eee;"
|Joachim II Hector||80px||13 January 1505||11 July 1535 – 3 January 1571||3 January 1571||Electorate of Brandenburg||Magdalena of Saxony<br>6 November 1524<br>Dresden<br>six children<br><br>Hedwig of Poland<br>29 August/1 September 1535<br>Kraków<br>six children|| First Protestant Elector of Brandenburg.
|
|- style="background:#cba;"
|John||80px||3 August 1513||1535–1571||13 January 1571|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Küstrin||Catherine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel<br>11 November 1537<br>Wolfenbüttel<br>two children||Son of Elector Joachim I. The Margraviate of Küstrin was created for him. After his death without male descendants, Küstrin was annexed again to the Electorate.
|
|- style="background:#abc;"
|George I the Pious||80px||4 March 1484||1536–1543||27 December 1543|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach||Beatrice de Frangepan<br>21 January 1509<br>Gyula<br>no children<br><br>Hedwig of Münsterberg-Oels<br>9 January 1525<br>Oleśnica<br>two children<br><br>Emilie of Saxony<br>25 August 1533<br>four children||
|
|- style="background:#abc;"
|align="center"colspan="7"| <small>Regencies of Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg and Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse (1543–1548), John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (1543–1547) and Maurice, Elector of Saxony (1547–1548)</small>
|rowspan="3"|In 1557, reunited Kulmbach with Ansbach once more. Left no descendants, and the Margraviates passed to the sons of the Elector John George.
|
|- bgcolor=#abc
|rowspan="2"|George Frederick I the Elder
|rowspan="2"|80px
|rowspan="2"|5 April 1539||1543–1603
|rowspan="2"|25 April 1603|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach
|rowspan="2"|Elisabeth of Brandenburg-Küstrin<br>26 December 1558<br>Küstrin<br>no children<br><br>Sophie of Brunswick-Lüneburg<br>3 May 1579<br>Dresden<br>no children
|
|- bgcolor=#def
||1557–1603|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
|
|- style="background:#eee;"
|John George<br>Johann Georg||80px||11 September 1525||3 January 1571 – 8 January 1598||8 January 1598|| Electorate of Brandenburg||Sophie of Legnica<br>15 February 1545<br>one child<br><br>Sabina of Brandenburg-Ansbach<br>12 February 1548<br>Ansbach<br>eleven children<br><br>Elisabeth of Anhalt-Zerbst<br>6 October 1577<br>Letzlingen<br>eleven children||
|
|- style="background:#eee;"
|Joachim Frederick<br>Joachim Friedrich||80px||27 January 1546||8 January 1598 – 18 July 1608||18 July 1608||Electorate of Brandenburg||Catherine of Brandenburg-Küstrin<br>8 January 1570<br>Küstrin<br>eleven children<br><br>Eleanor of Prussia<br>2 November 1603<br>Berlin<br>one child||
|
|- style="background:#abc;"
|Joachim Ernest||80px||22 June 1583||1603–1625||7 March 1625|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach||Sophie of Solms-Laubach<br>1612<br>Ansbach<br>three children|| Son of Elector John George. Received Ansbach
|
|- style="background:#def;"
|Christian||80px||30 January 1581||1603–1655||30 May 1655|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Bayreuth||Maria of Prussia<br>29 April 1604<br>Kulmbach<br>nine children|| Son of Elector John George. Received Kulmbach. In 1604, the capital of the Margraviate was moved to Bayreuth. From 1604 on, Brandenburg-Kulmbach changed its name to Brandenburg-Bayreuth.
|
|- style="background:#eee;"
|John Sigismund<br>Johann Sigismund|| 80px||8 November 1572||18 July 1608 – 3 November 1619||23 December 1619||Electorate of Brandenburg||Anna of Prussia<br>30 October 1594<br>Königsberg<br>eight children|| Duke of Prussia from 1618.
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|- style="background:#eee;"
|George William I<br>Georg Wilhelm|| 80px||13 November 1595||3 November 1619 – 1 December 1640||1 December 1640|| Electorate of Brandenburg||Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate<br>24 July 1616<br>Heidelberg<br>four children|| His reign was marked by ineffective governance during the Thirty Years' War. Also, the Duke of Prussia.
|
|- style="background:#abc;"
|Frederick III||||1 May 1616||1625–1634||6 September 1634||Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach||Unmarried|| Left no descendants. He was succeeded by his brother.
|
|- style="background:#abc;"
|Albert II||80px||18 September 1620||1634–1667||22 October 1667|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach||Henriette Louise of Württemberg-Mömpelgard<br>31 August 1642<br>Stuttgart<br>three children<br><br>Sophie Margarete of Oettingen-Oettingen<br>15 October 1651<br>Oettingen<br>five children<br><br>Christine of Baden-Durlach<br> 6 August 1665<br>Durlach<br>no children||
|
|- style="background:#eee;"
|Frederick William I the Great Elector<br>Friedrich Wilhelm|| 80px||16 February 1620||1 December 1640 – 29 April 1688||29 April 1688||Electorate of Brandenburg||Louise Henriette of Nassau<br>7 December 1646<br>The Hague<br>six children<br><br>Sophia Dorothea of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg<br>13 July 1668<br>Gröningen<br>seven children|| Also Duke of Prussia.
|
|- style="background:#def;"
|Christian Ernest||80px||6 August 1644||1655–1712||20 May 1712|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Bayreuth||Erdmuthe Sophie of Saxony<br>29 October 1662<br>Dresden<br>no children<br><br>Sophie Luise of Württemberg<br>8 February 1671<br>Stuttgart<br>six children<br><br>Elisabeth Sophie of Brandenburg<br>30 March 1703<br>Potsdam<br>nine children|| Son of Erdmann August, son of Christian I.
|
|- style="background:#abc;"
|John Frederick||80px||18 October 1654||1667–1686||22 March 1686|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach||Johanna Elisabeth of Baden-Durlach<br>26 January 1673<br>Durlach<br>five children<br><br>Eleonore Erdmuthe of Saxe-Eisenach<br>4 November 1681<br>Eisenach<br>three children||
|
|- style="background:#abc;"
|align="center"colspan="7"| <small>Council of Regency (1686–1692)</small>
|rowspan="2"|Died as a minor; he was succeeded by his brother.
|
|- style="background:#abc;"
|Christian Albert||||18 September 1675||1686–1692||16 October 1692)|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach||Unmarried
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|- style="background:#eee;"
|Frederick III<br>Friedrich I|| 80px||11 July 1657||29 April 1688 – 25 February 1713||25 February 1713|| Electorate of Brandenburg||Elisabeth Henriette of Hesse-Kassel<br>13 August 1679<br>Potsdam<br>one child<br><br>Sophia Charlotte of Hanover<br>8 October 1684<br>Herrenhausen<br>two children<br><br>Sophia Louise of Mecklenburg-Schwerin<br>28 November 1708<br>Berlin<br>no children|| Also Duke of Prussia. In 1701 became the first King in Prussia, as Frederick I.
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|- style="background:#eee;"
|colspan="8" align="center"| Electorate and Margraviate of Brandenburg annexed to Prussia
|
|- style="background:#abc;"
|George Frederick II||80px||3 May 1678||1692–1703||29 March 1703|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach||Unmarried|| Died without descendants; he was succeeded by his brother.
|
|- style="background:#fed;"
|Philip William||80px||19 May 1669||1692–1711||19 December 1711|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Schwedt||Johanna Charlotte of Anhalt-Dessau<br>25 January 1699<br>Oranienbaum<br>six children|| Son of Elector Frederick William I. The Margraviate of Schwedt was created for him.
|
|- style="background:#abc;"
|William Frederick||80px||8 January 1686||1703–1723||7 January 1723|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach||Christiane Charlotte of Württemberg-Winnental<br>28 August 1709<br>Stuttgart<br>three children||
|
|- style="background:#fed;"
|Frederick William||80px||17 November 1700||1711–1771||4 March 1771|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Schwedt||Sophia Dorothea of Prussia<br>10 November 1734<br>Potsdam<br>five children|| Left no male descendants. The title passed to his brother, Frederick Henry.
|
|- style="background:#def;"
|George William||80px||26 November 1678||1712–1726||18 December 1726|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Bayreuth||Sophie of Saxe-Weissenfels<br>16 October 1699<br>Leipzig<br>five children||
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|- style="background:#abc;"
|align="center"colspan="7"| <small>Regency of Christiane Charlotte of Württemberg-Winnental (1723–1729)</small>
|rowspan="2"|
|
|- style="background:#abc;"
|Charles William Frederick the Wild Margrave||80px||12 May 1712||1723–1757||3 August 1757|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach||Friederike Luise of Prussia<br>30 May 1729<br>Berlin<br>two children
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|- style="background:#def;"
|George Frederick Charles||80px||30 June 1688||1726–1735||17 May 1735|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Bayreuth||Princess Dorothea of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck<br>17 April 1709<br>Reinfeld<br>five children||
|
|- style="background:#def;"
|Frederick||80px||10 May 1711||1735–1763||26 February 1763|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Bayreuth||Wilhelmine of Prussia<br>17 April 1709<br>Berlin<br>one child<br><br>Sophie Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel<br>20 September 1759<br>Brunswick<br>no children|| Left no male descendants; the title passed to Frederick Christian, from a collateral Bayreuth line.
|
|- style="background:#def;"
|Frederick Christian||80px||17 July 1708||1763–1769||20 January 1769|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Bayreuth||Victoria Charlotte of Anhalt-Zeitz-Hoym<br>26 April 1732<br>Schaumburg<br>two children|| Great-grandson of Christian I and cousin of his predecessors. Left no male descendants; Bayreuth was reunited to Ansbach.
|
|- style="background:#def;"
|colspan="8" align="center"| Bayreuth definitively annexed to Ansbach
|
|- style="background:#abc;"
|Charles Alexander||80px||24 February 1736||1757–1791||5 January 1806|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach||Frederica Caroline of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld<br>22 November 1754<br>Coburg<br>no children<br><br>Elizabeth Craven<br>13/30 October 1791<br>Lisbon<br>morganatic<br>no children|| In 1769 reunited both Margraviates of Ansbach and Bayreuth.In 1791 sold both Margraviates to the Kingdom of Prussia.
|
|- style="background:#fed;"
|Frederick Henry||80px||21 August 1709||1771–1788||12 December 1788|| Margraviate of Brandenburg-Schwedt||Leopoldine Marie of Anhalt-Dessau<br>13 February 1739<br>two children|| Left no male descendants. Schwedt went back to the Electorate.
|
|- style="background:#fed;"
|colspan="8" align="center"| Schwedt definitively annexed to Prussia
|
|}
Titular Margraves of Brandenburg after 1806
This includes the Kings of Prussia with the title of Margrave of Brandenburg (1806–1918) and pretenders to the throne of Prussia (1918–present)
{| style="text-align:center; width:100%" class="wikitable"
! width=20% | Margrave !! width=100px | Portrait !! Lifespan !! width=20% | Reign start !! width=20% | Reign end
|-
| Frederick William V<br>Friedrich Wilhelm III
| 100px
| 3 August 1770 – 7 June 1840
| 6 August 1806
| 7 June 1840
|-
| Frederick William VI<br>Friedrich Wilhelm IV
| 100px
| 15 October 1795 – 2 January 1861
| 7 June 1840
| 2 January 1861
|-
| William I<br>Wilhelm I
| 100px
| 22 March 1797 – 9 March 1888
| 2 January 1861
| 9 March 1888
|-
| Frederick VIII<br>Friedrich III
| 100px
| 18 October 1831 – 15 June 1888
| 9 March 1888
| 15 June 1888
|-
| William II<br>Wilhelm II
| 100px
| 27 January 1859 – 4 June 1941
| 15 June 1888
| Prussian monarchy abolished on 28 November 1918<br>4 June 1941
|-
| William III<br>Wilhelm III
| 100px
| 6 May 1882 – 20 July 1951
| 4 June 1941
| 20 July 1951
|-
| Louis Ferdinand<br>Ludwig Ferdinand I
| 100px
| 9 November 1907 – 26 September 1994
| 20 July 1951
| 26 September 1994
|-
| George Frederick III<br>Georg Friedrich I
| 100px
| 10 June 1976 – present
| 26 September 1994
| Incumbent
|}
Family tree
{|
|style="text-align:left;"|
The colours denote the Margraves and Electors of various partitions of Brandenburg:<br>
|}
{|
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|
– Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg
– Margraves of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
|valign=top|
|style="text-align:left;"|
– Margraves of Brandenburg-Stendal
– Margraves of Brandenburg-Ansbach
|valign=top|
|style="text-align:left;"|
– Margraves of Brandenburg-Salzwedel
– Margraves of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
|valign=top|
|style="text-align:left;"|
– Margraves of Brandenburg-Küstrin
– Margraves of Brandenburg-Schwedt
|}
See also
- List of consorts of Brandenburg
- Lists of political office-holders in Brandenburg
- List of minister-presidents of Brandenburg
- List of monarchs of Prussia