thumb|right|400px|The two biggest islands of the Mediterranean: [[Sicily (center) and Sardinia (top left), which are both part of Italy.]]

The Mediterranean Sea basin is estimated to host more than 10,000 islands, with 2,217 islands larger than 0.01 km<sup>2</sup>. The two main island countries in the region are Malta and Cyprus, while other countries with islands in the Mediterranean Sea include Albania, Algeria, Croatia, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Montenegro, Spain, Syria, Tunisia and Turkey.

By area

{| class="sortable wikitable sticky-header-multi static-row-numbers sort-under col4right col6right start=2"

|-

! rowspan="2" | Name

! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Image

! rowspan="2" | Country

! colspan="2" | Area

! rowspan="2" | Population

! rowspan="2" | Capital /<br />main city

|-

!km<sup>2</sup>

!sq mi

|-

| Sicily || 100px || ||

| 5,010,001 || Palermo

|-

| Sardinia || 100px || ||

| 1,656,000 || Cagliari

|-

| Cyprus || 100px || <br /> <small>(U.K.)</small> ||

| || Nicosia

|-

| Corsica || 100px || ||

| 322,000 || Ajaccio

|-

| Crete || 100px || ||

| 622,871|| Heraklion

|-

| Euboea<br />(Evia) || 100px || ||

| 191,206 || Chalcis

|-

| Mallorca<br />(Majorca) || 100px || ||

| 846,000 || Palma

|-

| Lesbos || 100px || ||

| 86,436 || Mytilene

|-

| Rhodes || 100px || ||

| 115,490 || Rhodes

|-

| Chios || 100px || ||

| 51,390 || Chios

|-

| Cephalonia<br />(Kefalonia) || 100px || ||

| 35,801 || Argostoli

|-

| Menorca || 100px|| ||

| 87,000 || Mahón

|-

| Corfu || 100px || ||

| 100,853 || Corfu

|-

| Ibiza || 100px || ||

| 111,000 || Ibiza Town

|-

| Djerba || 100px || ||

| 139,544 || Houmt Souk

|-

| Lemnos<br />(Limnos)|| 100px || ||

| 16,992 || Myrina

|-

| Samos || 100px || ||

| 32,973 || Vathy

|-

| Naxos ||Naxos map|100px || ||

|17,970 || Naxos

|-

| Zakynthos || 100px || ||

|40,758 || Zakynthos

|-

| Cres || 100px || ||

|3,079 || Valletta

|-

| Elba || 100px || ||

|31,572 || Portoferraio

|-

| Skyros || 100px || ||

|2,994 || Skyros

|-

| Paros || 100px || ||

|13,715 || Parikia

|-

| Tinos || 100px || ||

|8,636 || Tinos

|-

| Samothrace || 100px || ||

|2,859 || Samothrace

|-

| Milos || 100px || ||

|4,977 || Plaka

|-

| Kea || 100px || ||

|2,446 || Ioulis

|-

| Amorgos || 100px || ||

|1,971 || Amorgos

|-

| Marmara || 100px || ||

| || Marmara

|-

| Dugi Otok || 100px || ||

  • Calabria
  • Coreca Reefs
  • Isola di Dino
  • San Nicola Arcella
  • Campanian Archipelago
  • Capri
  • Gaiola Island
  • Ischia
  • Nisida
  • Procida
  • Sirenuse
  • Cheradi Islands
  • Gallipoli
  • San Paolo Island
  • Sant'Andrea Island
  • Vivara
  • Marano Grado Lagoon
  • Barbana
  • Isola di Grado
  • Ligurian Sea islands
  • Bergeggi
  • Gallinara
  • Pontine Islands
  • Gavi
  • Ponza
  • Palmarola
  • Santo Stefano
  • Ventotene
  • Zannone
  • Zannone
  • Sardinia
  • Asinara
  • Sant'Antioco
  • San Pietro
  • La Maddalena
  • Caprera
  • Spargi
  • Budelli
  • Razzoli
  • Santo Stefano
  • Molara Island
  • Tavolara
  • Sicily
  • Aegadian Islands
  • Marettimo
  • Favignana
  • Levanzo
  • Aeolian Islands
  • Lipari
  • Vulcano
  • Filicudi
  • Alicudi
  • Panarea
  • Salina
  • Stromboli
  • Pantelleria
  • Pelagian Islands
  • Lampedusa
  • Lampione
  • Linosa
  • Ustica
  • Tremiti Islands
  • Capraia
  • Cretaccio
  • Pianosa (di Tremiti)
  • San Domino
  • San Nicola
  • Tuscan Archipelago
  • Capraia
  • Elba
  • Formiche di Grosseto
  • Giannutri
  • Giglio
  • Gorgona
  • Meloria
  • Montecristo
  • Palmaiola
  • Pianosa
  • Venetian Lagoon islands
  • Burano
  • Chioggia
  • Giudecca
  • Isola di San Clemente
  • La Certosa
  • Lazzaretto Vecchio
  • Lido
  • Mazzorbo
  • Murano
  • Pellestrina
  • Poveglia
  • Sacca Fisola
  • San Francesco del Deserto
  • San Giorgio in Alga
  • San Giorgio Maggiore
  • San Lazzaro degli Armeni
  • San Marco in Boccalama
  • Isola di San Michele
  • San Secondo
  • San Pietro di Castello
  • San Servolo
  • Sant'Andrea
  • Sant'Angelo della Polvere
  • Sant'Elena
  • Sant'Erasmo
  • Santa Maria della Grazia
  • Sottomarina
  • Torcello
  • Tronchetto
  • Venice
  • Vignole

Lebanon

  • Palm Islands
  • Zireh Island

Malta

  • Maltese Islands
  • Malta
  • Gozo
  • Comino
  • Cominotto
  • Filfla
  • St Paul's Island⁣⁣
  • Manoel Island
  • Fungus Rock

Montenegro

  • Sveti Nikola Island
  • Sveta Neđelja
  • Katič
  • Sveti Stefan
  • Ada Bojana
  • Stari Ulcinj

In Bay of Kotor:

  • Mamula
  • Prevlaka
  • Sveti Marko
  • Island of Our Lady of Mercy
  • Gospa od Škrpjela
  • Sveti Đorđe

Spain

  • Alboran
  • Balearic Islands
  • Gymnesian Islands
  • Mallorca
  • Menorca
  • Cabrera
  • Sa Dragonera
  • Pityusic (or Pine) Islands
  • Es Vedrà
  • Formentera
  • Eivissa / Ibiza
  • S'Espalmador
  • Columbretes Islands
  • Illa Grossa or Columbret Gran
  • La Ferrera
  • La Foradada
  • El Carallot
  • Islas Chafarinas
  • Isla del Congreso
  • Isla de Isabel II
  • Isla del Rey
  • Islas Alhucemas
  • Peñón de Alhucemas
  • Isla de Tierra
  • Isla de Mar
  • Tabarca
  • Illes Medes
  • Formigues
  • Mazarrón
  • Isla de Perejil
  • Isla de Santa Catalina

Syria

  • Arwad

Tunisia

  • Djerba
  • Kerkennah Islands
  • Chergui
  • Gharbi
  • Galite Islands
  • Zembra
  • Kneiss
  • Chikly
  • Plane Island

Turkey

The following are some of the most notable Turkish Aegean islands. See Turkish Aegean islands for a more complete list.

  • Aydıncık Islands
  • Bozcaada or Tenedos
  • Babadıl Islands
  • Beşadalar
  • Boğsak Island
  • Boğsak Islet
  • Bozyazı Island
  • Burgazada
  • Büyükada
  • Çatalada
  • Cunda Island
  • Dana Adası
  • Domuz Island
  • Gemiler Adası