This list of impact structures (including impact craters) on Earth contains the majority of the 194+ confirmed impact structures given in the Earth Impact Database as of 2024.
Alphabetical lists for different continents can be found under Impact structures by continent below.
Unconfirmed structures can be found at List of possible impact structures on Earth.
Confirmed impact structures listed by size and age
These features were caused by the collision of meteors (consisting of large fragments of asteroids) or comets (consisting of ice, dust particles and rocky fragments) with the Earth. For eroded or buried craters, the stated diameter typically refers to the best available estimate of the original rim diameter, and may not correspond to present surface features. Time units are either in ka (thousands) or Ma (millions) of years.
10 ka or less
Less than ten thousand years old, and with a diameter of or more. The EID lists fewer than ten such craters, and the largest in the last 100,000 years (100 ka) is the Rio Cuarto crater in Argentina. However, there is some uncertainty regarding its origins and age, with some sources giving it as < 10 ka while the EID gives a broader < 100 ka. the Campo del Cielo () could be in the legends of some Native Argentine tribes, while Henbury () has figured in Australian Aboriginal oral traditions.
thumb|[[Macha crater field map]]
thumb|One of the [[Kaali craters]]
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Name
!Location
!Country
!Diameter<br />(km)
!Age<br />(ka)
!Date
!Coordinates
|-
|Jinlin
|Guangdong Province
|China
|0.9
|<10
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Wabar
|Rub' al Khali desert
|Saudi Arabia
|0.1
|0.2
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Dalgaranga
|Western Australia
|Australia
|0.024
|less than 3?
|
|
|-
|Whitecourt
|Alberta
|Canada
|0.04
|1.1
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Kaali
|Saaremaa
|Estonia
|0.1
|3.5
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Campo del Cielo
|Chaco
|Argentina
|0.1
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Boxhole
|Northern Territory
|Australia
|0.2
|5.4
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Macha
|Sakha Republic
|Russia
|0.3
|7.3
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Luna
|Gujarat
|India
|1.5–1.8
|less than 6.9
|< 5000 BC
|
|}
The EID gives a size of about for Campo del Cielo, but other sources quote .
The source of the enormous Australasian strewnfield (c. 780 ka) is a currently undiscovered crater probably located in Southeast Asia.
thumb|right|[[Meteor Crater, ]]
thumb|right|[[Tenoumer crater, ]]
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Name
!Location
!Country
!Diameter<br />(km)
!Age<br />(ka)
!Coordinates
|-
|Yilan
|Heilongjiang
|China
|1.85
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Meteor/Barringer
|Arizona
|United States
|1.2
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Xiuyan
|Xiuyan
|China
|1.8
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Lonar
|Maharashtra
|India
|1.8
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Agoudal
|Atlas Mountains
|Morocco
|3.0
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Tswaing
|Pretoria Saltpan
|South Africa
|1.1
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Zhamanshin
|Kazakhstan
|Kazakhstan
|14.0
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|}
1 Ma to 10 Ma
thumb|right|[[Elgygytgyn Lake|Elgygytgyn, ]]
thumb|right|[[Lake Bosumtwi|Bosumtwi, ]]
From between 1 and 10 million years ago. The large but apparently craterless Eltanin impact (2.5 Ma) into the Pacific Ocean has been suggested as contributing to the glaciations and cooling during the Pliocene.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Name
!Location
!Country
!Diameter<br />(km)
!Age<br />(Million years)
!Coordinates
|-
|Tenoumer
|Sahara Desert
|Mauritania
|1.9
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Bosumtwi
|Ashanti
|Ghana
|10
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|New Quebec/Pingualuit
|Quebec
|Canada
|3.4
|1.4 ± 0.1
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|El'gygytgyn
|Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
|Russia
|18
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Bigach
|Kazakhstan
|Kazakhstan
|8
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Karla
|Tatarstan
|Russia
|10
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Alhama de Almería
|Almería
|Spain
|22
|8
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Roter Kamm
|Karas
|Namibia
|2.4
|3.8 ± 0.3
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Talemzane
|Djelfa
|Algeria
|1.6
|< 3
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Tsenkher
|Gobi-Altai
|Mongolia
|3.7
|4.9 ± 0.9
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Aouelloul
|Adrar
|Mauritania
|0.39
|3.1 ± 0.3
|
|}
10 Ma or more
Most recorded impact craters are over 10 million years old, or have widely uncertain ages. The Chicxulub impact has been widely considered the most likely cause for the Cretaceous–Paleogene mass extinction, and the Manicouagan impact has been less definitively linked to the Adamanian-Revueltian turnover and a possible marine extinction event. Some scholars have linked other impacts like the Popigai impact in Russia and the Chesapeake Bay impact to later extinction events, though the causal relationship has been questioned.
thumb|right|[[Sudbury Basin, ]]
thumb|right|[[Chicxulub crater, ]]
thumb|right|[[Popigai impact structure, ]]
thumb|right|[[Manicouagan impact structure, ]]
thumb|right|[[Acraman crater, ]]
thumb|right|[[Charlevoix impact structure, ]]
thumb|right|[[Nördlinger Ries, ]]
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Name
!Location
!Country
!Diameter (km)
!Age (million years)
!Coordinates
|-
|Vredefort
|Free State
|South Africa
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Chicxulub
|Yucatán
|Mexico
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Sudbury
|Ontario
|Canada
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Popigai
|Siberia
|Russia
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Manicouagan
|Quebec
|Canada
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Acraman
|South Australia
|Australia
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Morokweng
|Kalahari Desert
|South Africa
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Kara
|Nenetsia
|Russia
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Beaverhead
|Idaho and Montana
|United States
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Tookoonooka
|Queensland
|Australia
|66
|121.8–123.8
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Charlevoix
|Quebec
|Canada
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Siljan Ring
|Dalarna
|Sweden
|65–75
|380.9 ± 4.6
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Karakul
|Pamir Mountains
|Tajikistan
|
|less than 60
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Montagnais
|Nova Scotia
|Canada
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Araguainha
|Central Brazil
|Brazil
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Chesapeake Bay
|Virginia
|United States
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Mjølnir
|Barents Sea
|Norway
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Puchezh-Katunki
|Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
|Russia
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Saint Martin
|Manitoba
|Canada
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Woodleigh
|Western Australia
|Australia
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Carswell
|Saskatchewan
|Canada
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Clearwater West
|Quebec
|Canada
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Manson
|Iowa
|United States
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Hiawatha
|Greenland
|Denmark
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Slate Islands
|Ontario
|Canada
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Yarrabubba
|Western Australia
|Australia
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Keurusselkä
|Western Finland
|Finland
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Shoemaker
|Western Australia
|Australia
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Mistastin
|Newfoundland and Labrador
|Canada
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Clearwater East
|Quebec
|Canada
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Kamensk
|Southern Federal District
|Russia
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Steen River
|Alberta
|Canada
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Strangways
|Northern Territory
|Australia
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Tunnunik
|Northwest Territories
|Canada
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Boltysh
|Kirovohrad Oblast
|Ukraine
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Nördlinger Ries
|Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg
|Germany
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Presqu'île
|Quebec
|Canada
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Haughton
|Nunavut
|Canada
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Lappajärvi
|Western Finland
|Finland
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Rochechouart
|France
|France
|
|
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Cerro do Jarau
|Rio Grande do Sul
|Brazil
|13.5
|less than 135
|
|-
|Cleanskin
|Northern Territory
|Australia
|15
|
|
|-
|Amelia Creek
|Northern Territory
|Australia
|
|
|
|-
|Avak
|Alaska
|United States
|10
|90-94
|
|-
|Ames
|Oklahoma
|United States
|16
|
|
|-
|Beyenchime-Salaatin
|Sakha
|Russia
|8
|Likely less than 66
|
|-
|BP
|Cyrenaica
|Libya
|3.2
|less than 120
|
|-
|Brent
|Ontario
|Canada
|3.4
|
|
|-
|Calvin
|Michigan
|United States
|8.5
|
|
|-
|Chiyli
|Aktobe
|Kazakhstan
|5.5
|
|
|-
|Chukcha
|Taymyr
|Russia
|6
|less than 70
|
|-
|Cloud Creek
|Wyoming
|United States
|7
|
|
|-
|Colonia
|São Paulo
|Brazil
|3.6
|
|
|-
|Connolly Basin
|Western Australia
|Australia
|9
|
|
|-
|Couture
|Quebec
|Canada
|8
|
|
|-
|Crooked Creek
| rowspan="2" |Missouri
| rowspan="2" |United States
|7
|
|
|-
|Decaturville
|6
|less than 323
|
|-
|Decorah
|Iowa
|United States
|5.6
|
|
|-
|Deep Bay
|Saskatchewan
|Canada
|13
|
|
|-
|Dellen
|Gavleborgs
|Sweden
|19
|
|
|-
|Des Plaines
|Illinois
|United States
|8
|less than 299
|
|-
|Dhala
|Madhya Pradesh
|India
|11
|
|
|-
|Dobele
|Dobele
|Latvia
|4.5
|
|
|-
|Douglas
|Wyoming
|United States
|16
|
|
|-
|Eagle Butte
|Alberta
|Canada
|8
|less than 65
|
|-
|Elbow
|Saskatchewan
|Canada
|3.8
|
|
|-
|Flaxman
|South Australia
|Australia
|10
|34–541
|
|-
|Flynn Creek
|Tennessee
|United States
|3.8
|~382
|
|-
|Foelsche
|Northern Territory
|Australia
|6
|520–1496
|
|-
|Gardnos
|Buskerud
|Norway
|5
|546 ± 5
|
|-
|Glasford
|Illinois
|United States
|4
|453–457
|
|-
|Glikson
|Western Australia
|Australia
|19
|less than 513
|
|-
|Glover Bluff
|Wisconsin
|United States
|8
|less than 485
|
|-
|Goat Paddock
|Western Australia
|Australia
|5
|48–56
|
|-
|Gosses Bluff
|Northern Territory
|Australia
|
|165–383
|style="text-align:right"|
|-
|Gow
|Saskatchewan
|Canada
|4
|196.8 ± 9.9
|
|-
|Goyder
|Northern Territory
|Australia
|7
|150–1325
|
|-
|Granby
|Ostergotland
|Sweden
|3
|478–468
|
|-
|Gweni-Fada
|Ennedi
|Chad
|22
|less than 383
|
|-
|Holleford
|Ontario
|Canada
|2.35
|450–650
|
|-
|Hummeln
|Småland
|Sweden
|1.2
|~465
|
|-
|Ile Rouleau
|Quebec
|Canada
|4
|less than 300
|
|-
|Ilkurlka
|Western Australia
|Australia
|12
|"Middle Cambrian"
|
|-
|Ilyinets
|Vinnytsia
|Ukraine
|4.5
|445 ± 10
|
|-
|Iso-Naakkima
|Mikkeli
|Finland
|3
|900–1200
|
|-
|Jake Seller Draw
|Wyoming
|United States
|4.3
|280
|
|-
|Jänisjärvi
|Karelia
|Russia
|14
|687 ± 5
|
|-
|Jabel Waqf as Suwwan
|Ma'an
|Jordan
|5.5
|2.6–30
|
|-
|Kaluga
|Kaluga
|Russia
|15
|383–394
|
|-
|Kamenetsk
|Mykolaiv
|Ukraine
|1.2
|11.63–2100
|
|-
|Kardla
|Hiiu
|Estonia
|4
|~455
|
|-
|Karikkoselkä
|Central Finland
|Finland
|2.1–2.4
|230–260
|
|-
|Kelly West
|Northern Territory
|Australia
|6.6
|500–1640
|
|-
|Kentland
|Indiana
|United States
|7
|less than 97
|
|-
|Kgagodi
|Central District
|Botswana
|3.4
|less than 180
|
|-
|Kursk
|Kursk
|Russia
|5.5
|163–359
|
|-
|La Moinerie
|Quebec
|Canada
|8
|453 ± 5
|
|-
|Lake Raeside
|Western Australia
|Australia
|11
|34–250
|
|-
|Lawn Hill
|Queensland
|Australia
|16.8
|476 ± 8
|
|-
|Liverpool
|Northern Territory
|Australia
|1.6
|541–1870
|
|-
|Lockne
|Jämtland
|Sweden
|13.5
|~455
|
|-
|Logancha
|Siberia
|Russia
|
|
| style="text-align:right" |
|-
|Logoisk
|Minsk
|Belarus
|17
|30 ± 0.5
|
|-
|Luizi
|Katanga
|Dem. Rep. of the Congo
|15
|less than 573
|
|-
|Lumparn
|Southwest Finland
|Finland
|10
|less than 458
|
|-
|Malingen
|Jämtland
|Sweden
|0.7
|~455
|
|-
|Maple Creek
|Saskatchewan
|Canada
|5.75
|less than 72
|
|-
|Marquez
|Texas
|United States
|12.7
|58.3 ± 3.1
|
|-
|Matt Wilson
|Northern Territory
|Australia
|7.5
|less than 1344
|
|-
|Middlesboro
|Kentucky
|United States
|5.5
|less than 299
|
|-
|Mien
|Kronoberg
|Sweden
|7
|120 ± 1
|
|-
|Mishina Gora
|Pskov
|Russia
|2.5
|less than 360
|
|-
|Mizarai
|Alytus
|Lithuania
|5
|480–520
|
|-
|Mount Toondina
|South Australia
|Australia
|4
|less than 125
|
|-
|Neugrund
|Harju
|Estonia
|20
|530–540
|
|-
|Newporte
|North Dakota
|United States
|3.2
|480–500
|
|-
|Nicholson
|Northwest Territories
|Canada
|12.5
|387 ± 5
|
|-
|Nova Colinas
|Maranhao
|Brazil
|7
|Unknown
|
|-
|Oasis
|Kufra
|Libya
|18
|less than 120
|
|-
|Obolon'
|Poltava Oblast
|Ukraine
|
|
| style="text-align:right" |
|-
|Ora Banda
|Western Australia
|Australia
|5
|100
|
|-
|Ouarkziz
|Tindouf
|Algeria
|3
|65–345
|
|-
|Paasselkä
|Mikkeli
|Finland
|10
|231.0 ± 2.2
|
|-
|Pilot
|Northwest Territories
|Canada
|~6
|450 ± 2
|
|-
|Presqu'île
|Quebec
|Canada
|15
|less than 2729
|
|-
|Ragozinka
|Sverdlovsk
|Russia
|9
|56–59
|
|-
|Ramgarh
|Rajasthan
|India
|10
|165–750
|
|-
|Red Wing
|North Dakota
|United States
|9
|167–250
|
|-
|Riachão
|Maranhao
|Brazil
|4
|less than 299
|
|-
|Ritland
|Rogaland
|Norway
|2.7
|500–541
|
|-
|Rock Elm
|Wisconsin
|United States
|6.5
|458–485
|
|-
|Rotmistrovka
|Cherkasy
|Ukraine
|2.7
|94–145
|
|-
|Sääksjärvi
|Western Finland
|Finland
|5
|602 ± 17
|
|-
|Saarijärvi
|Oulu
|Finland
|2
|less than 600
|
|-
|Santa Fe
|New Mexico
|United States
|13
|350–1200
|
|-
|Santa Marta
|Piaui
|Brazil
|10
|less than 100
|
|-
|Saqqar
|Jawf
|Saudi Arabia
|34
|70–410
|
|-
|Serpent Mound
|Ohio
|United States
|8
|less than 359
|
|-
|Serra da Cangalha
|Tocantins
|Brazil
|13.7
|less than 250
|
|-
|Shunak
|Karaganda
|Kazakhstan
|2.8
|7–17
|
|-
|Sierra Madera
|Texas
|United States
|20
|less than 113
|
|-
|Söderfjärden
|Ostrobothnia
|Finland
|6.5
|640
|
|-
|Spider
|Western Australia
|Australia
|13
|580–900
|
|-
|Steinheim
|Baden-Württemberg
|Germany
|3.8
|~14.8
|
|-
|Suavjärvi
|Karelia
|Russia
|16
|2200–2700
|
|-
|Summasjärvi
|Western Finland
|Finland
|2.6
|less than 1880
|
|-
|Suvasvesi North
| rowspan="2" |Northern Savonia
| rowspan="2" |Finland
|3.5
|~85
|
|-
|Suvasvesi South
|3.8
|710–1880
|
|-
|Tabun-Khara-Obo
|Dornogovi
|Mongolia
|1.3
|130–170
|
|-
|Talundilly
|Queensland
|Australia
|84
|~125
|
|-
|Ternovka
|Dnipropetrovsk
|Ukraine
|15
|280 ± 10
|
|-
|Tin Bider
|Tamanrasset
|Algeria
|6
|less than 66
|
|-
|Tvaren
|Södermanland
|Sweden
|3.1
|456–458
|
|-
|Upheaval Dome
|Utah
|United States
|5.2
|less than 183
|
|-
|Vargeao Dome
|Santa Catarina
|Brazil
|12.4
|123 ± 1.4
|
|-
|Vepriai
|Vilnius
|Lithuania
|7.5
|155–165
|
|-
|Viewfield
|Saskatchewan
|Canada
|2.4
|170–210
|
|-
|Vista Alegre
|Paraná
|Brazil
|9.5
|111–134
|
|-
|Wanapitei
|Ontario
|Canada
|7.5
|37.7 ± 1.2
|
|-
|Wells Creek
|Tennessee
|United States
|13.7
|100–323
|
|-
|West Hawk
|Manitoba
|Canada
|3.6
|351 ± 20
|
|-
|Wetumpka
|Alabama
|United States
|6.25
|~83.5
|
|-
|Yallalie
|Western Australia
|Australia
|12
|83.6–89.8
|
|-
|Zapadnaya
|Zhytomyr
|Ukraine
|3.2
|165 ± 5
|
|-
|Zeleny Gai
|Kirovograd
|Ukraine
|3.5
|60–100
|
|-
|Miralga
|Eastern Pilbara Craton
|Western Australia
|~16
|~2700–400
|21°02'54.0"S 119°23'35.0"E
|-
|}
Inferred impact events
Some impact events are only known from events like layers of spherules or tektites generated by the impact recorded in contemporary rocks, and their impact structures may no longer exist.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Name
!Location
!Country
!Diameter (km)
!Age (million years)
!Coordinates
|-
|Eltanin impact
|Southern Ocean
|Bellingshausen Sea southwest of Chile (layer of unmelted and melted meteoritic debris found in deep sea cores)
|none
|2.5
|
|-
|Australasian strewnfield
|Unknown (likely Southeast Asia)
|Unknown
|Unknown, possibly ~15
|0.788
| rowspan="19" |N/A
|-
|Nuussuaq (Disko) spherule bed
|Unknown
|Unknown (spherule bed found in Nuussuaq Peninsula, Western Greenland)
|Unknown
|~61-62
|-
|Qidong spherule bed
|Unknown
|Unknown (spherule bed found near Qidong, Hunan, China)
|Unknown
|~374
|-
|Osmussaar breccia
|eastern Gulf of Finland region
|Unknown (breccia layer found in Estonia)
|Unknown
|~466
|-
|Vakkejokk Breccia
|Northern Scandinavia
|Likely northern Sweden (proximal ejecta layer found in the North-Swedish Caledonides)
|Around 4–5
|~520
|-
|Kitkiöjärvi impact melt
|Northern Scandinavia
|Likely either northern Sweden or northern Finland (impact melt rock found in glacial deposits in gravel pit)
|Unknown
|658.9 ± 6.9
|-
|Unnamed
|Northern Greenland
|Denmark (impact melt rock found in glaciofluvial deposits in Inglefield Land, Greenland)
|Unknown
|1039 ± 16
|-
|Stac Fada Member
|Scotland
|Scotland (proximal ejecta layer found in Scotland)
|Likely around 13–14
|990 ± 20
|-
|Paraburdoo-Reivilo spherule bed
| rowspan="10" |Unknown
|rowspan="3" |Unknown (spherule beds found in South Africa and Australia
|-
|Monteville-Carawine-Jeerinah spherule bed
|~2630
|~3260
|-
|S3 spherule bed
| rowspan="6" |Likely in the range of 400-1000
|~3243
|-
|S4 spherule bed
|~3240
|-
|S5 spherule bed
|~3225 with the small but well-funded European continent having a large percentage of confirmed impact structures. As meteorites impacting Earth should impact evenly across the surface, it is suggested this situation is an artifact, highlighting the importance of intensifying research in less studied areas like Antarctica, South America and elsewhere.