This is a list of grammatical cases as they are used by various inflectional languages that have declension.
This list will mark the case, when it is used, an example of it, and then finally what language(s) the case is used in.
Location and movement
Note: Most cases used for location and motion can be used for time as well.
Location
{| class="wikitable"
! Case !! Usage !! Example !! Found in
|-
| Adessive case || close || near/at/by the house
| Estonian Finnish Hungarian Lezgian Lithuanian Livonian Tlingit Tsez Kven
|-
| Antessive case || anterior || before the house
| Dravidian languages
|-
| Apudessive case|| adjacent || next to the house
| Tsez
|-
| Inessive case || inside || inside the house
| Basque Erzya Estonian Lithuanian Finnish Hungarian Ossetic Tsez Kven
|-
| Intrative case || between || between the houses
| Limbu Quechua
|-
| Locative case || location || at/on/in the house
| Armenian (Eastern) Azeri Bengali Belarusian Bosnian Chuvash Croatian Czech Gujarati Hungarian Inari Sámi Inuktitut Japanese
|}
Motion from
{| class="wikitable"
! Case !! Usage !! Example !! Found in
|-
| Ablative case || near or inside || away from the house
| Albanian Armenian (Eastern) Armenian (Western) Azeri Chuvash Erzya Estonian Evenki Finnish Sanskrit Tibetan Tlingit Tsez Turkish Uzbek Yukaghir
|-
| Adelative case || the vicinity || from near the house || Lezgian
|-
| Delative case || the surface || from (the top of) the house
| Hungarian Finnish Mongsen Ao
|-
|Direct case
|direct subject or object of a transitive or intransitive verb
|I saw her; I gave her the book.
|Scottish Gaelic many languages with Austronesian Alignment.
|-
| Ergative case || agent; subject of a transitive verb || he pushed the door and it opened
| Basque Chechen Dyirbal Georgian Kashmiri Samoan Tibetan Tlingit Tsez
|-
| style="padding-left: 2em" | Ergative-genitive case || agent, possession || he pushed the door and it opened; her dog
| Classic Maya Inuktitut
|-
| Instructive || means, answers question how? || by means of the house
| Estonian (rare) Finnish
|-
| Instrumental || instrument, answers question using what? || with the house
| Armenian (Eastern) Armenian (Western) Belarusian Bosnian Croatian Czech Evenki Georgian Japanese Polish Romanian Russian Sanskrit Scottish Gaelic Serbian Skolt Sámi Slovak Slovene Swedish Tibetan Tsez Turkish Ukrainian Kven
|-
| Ornative case || endowment || equipped with a house
| Dumi; Hungarian
|-
| Possessed case || passive possession || the house is owned
| Tlingit<nowiki> | </nowiki>Turkish
A sentence with possessed case noun always has to include a possessive case noun.
|-
| Possessive case || direct ownership || owned by the house
| English Turkish
|-
| Privative case || lacking, without || without a house
| Chuvash Kamu Martuthunira Wagiman
|-
| Semblative/Similative case || similarity, comparing || that tree is like a house
| Wagiman
|-
| Sociative case || along with, together with || (together) with the house
| Hungarian Ossetic
|-
| Substitutive case|| substituting, instead of || instead of him
| Archi
|-
|}
Semantics
{| class="wikitable"
! Case !! Usage !! Example !! Found in
|-
| Partitive case || used for amounts || three (of the) houses
| Estonian Finnish Inari Sámi Russian Skolt Sámi Kven
|-
| Prepositional case || when adpositions modify the noun || in/on/about the house
| Belarusian Czech Polish Russian Scottish Gaelic Slovak Ukrainian
<small> This case is called lokál in Czech and Slovak, miejscownik in Polish, місцевий (miscevý) in Ukrainian and месны (miesny) in Belarusian; these names imply that this case also covers locative case.<br /> The prepositional case in Scottish Gaelic is classically referred to as a dative case.</small>
|-
| Vocative case || used for addressing, with or without a preposition || Hey, father!<br />O father!<br />Father!
| Albanian (rare) Belarusian (rare) Bulgarian Bosnian Croatian Czech Georgian Greek Hindi Irish Japanese (literary or poetic) Scottish Gaelic Manx Itelmen Kashmiri Ket Latin Latvian Lithuanian Macedonian Nivkh Polish Romanian Russian (rare) Sanskrit Scottish Gaelic Serbian Slovak (rare) Telugu Ukrainian Nahuatl
|-
|}
State
{| class="wikitable"
! Case !! Usage !! Example !! Found in
|-
| Abessive case || lacking || without the house
| Erzya Estonian Finnish|| comparison || like the house
| Dumi Mari Nivkh
|-
| Equative case || similarity || similar to the house
| Greenlandic Ossetic Sumerian Tlingit Tsez
|-
| Essive case || temporary state of being || as the house
| Estonian Finnish