List of capitals in the United States

thumb|U.S. states with their capitals

This is a list of capital cities of the United States, including places that serve or have served as federal, state, insular area, territorial, colonial and Native American capitals.

Washington, D.C. has been the federal capital of the United States since 1800. Each U.S. state has its own capital city, as do many of its insular areas. Most states have not changed their capital city since becoming a state, but the capital cities of their respective preceding colonies, territories, kingdoms, and republics typically changed multiple times. There have also been other governments within the current borders of the United States with their own capitals, such as the Republic of Texas, Native American nations, and other unrecognized governments.

National capitals

The buildings in cities identified in the chart below served either as official capitals of the United States under the United States Constitution, or, prior to its ratification, sites where the Second Continental Congress or Congress of the Confederation met. The United States did not have a permanent capital under the Articles of Confederation.

The U.S. Constitution was ratified in 1787, and gave the Congress the power to exercise "exclusive legislation" over a district that "may, by Cession of particular States, and the acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States." The 1st Congress met at Federal Hall in New York. In 1790, it passed the Residence Act, which established the national capital at a site along the Potomac River that would become Washington, D.C. For the next ten years, Philadelphia served as the temporary capital. On November 17, 1800, the 6th United States Congress formally convened in Washington, D.C. Congress has met outside of Washington only twice since: on July 16, 1987, at Independence Hall in Philadelphia, to commemorate the 200th anniversary of ratification of the Constitution; and at Federal Hall National Memorial in New York on September 6, 2002, to mark the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks. Both meetings were ceremonial.

{| class="wikitable"

!City

!Building

!Start date

!End date

!Duration

!Ref

! colspan="6" |Second Continental Congress

|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

|Independence Hall

|Baltimore, Maryland

|Henry Fite House

|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

|Independence Hall

|Lancaster, Pennsylvania

| Court House

|

|Independence Hall

|Princeton, New Jersey

|Nassau Hall

|Old Brick Capitol

|United States Capitol

|Present

State capitals

Each state has a capital that serves as the seat of its government. Ten of the thirteen original states and 15 other states have changed their capital city at least once; the last state to move its capital city was Oklahoma in 1910.

In the following table, the "Since" column shows the year that the city began serving as the state's capital (or the capital of the entities that preceded it). The MSA/μSA and CSA columns display the population of the metro area the city is a part of, and should not be construed to mean the population of the city's sphere of influence or that the city is an anchor for the metro area. Fields colored light yellow denote that the population is a micropolitan statistical area.

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"

! rowspan="2" scope="col" |State

! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Capital

! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Since

! rowspan="2" scope="col" data-sort-type="number" |Area

! colspan="3" scope="col" |Population (2020 US Census)

! rowspan="2" scope="col" |City rank in state

!City

!MSA/μSA

!CSA

| Alabama

!scope=row|Montgomery

|align=center|1846

|align=right|

|align=right|200,603

|align=right|386,047

|align=right|476,207

|align=center|3

| Alaska

!scope=row|Juneau

|align=center|1906

|align=right|

|align=right|32,255

|align=right style="background-color:#FFFFDD;"|32,255

|align=right|

|align=center|3

| Arizona

!scope=row|Phoenix

|align=center|1889

|align=right|

|align=right|1,608,139

|align=right|4,845,832

|align=right|4,899,104

|align=center|1

| Arkansas

!scope=row|Little Rock

|align=center|1821

|align=right|

|align=right|202,591

|align=right|748,031

|align=right|912,604

|align=center|1

| California

!scope=row|Sacramento

|align=center|1854

|align=right|

|align=right|524,943

|align=right|2,397,382

|align=right|2,680,831

|align=center|6

| Colorado

!scope=row|Denver

|align=center|1867

|align=right|

|align=right|715,522

|align=right|2,963,821

|align=right|3,623,560

|align=center|1

| Connecticut

!scope=row|Hartford

|align=center|1875

|align=right|

|align=right|121,054

|align=right|1,213,531

|align=right|1,482,086

|align=center|4

| Delaware

!scope=row|Dover

|align=center|1777

|align=right|

|align=right|39,403

|align=right|181,851

|align=right|7,379,700

|align=center|2

| Florida

!scope=row|Tallahassee

|align=center|1824

|align=right|

|align=right|196,169

|align=right|384,298

|align=right|

|align=center|8

| Georgia

!scope=row|Atlanta

|align=center|1868

|align=right|

|align=right|498,715

|align=right|6,089,815

|align=right|6,930,423

|align=center|1

| Hawaii

!scope=row|Honolulu

|align=center|1845

|align=right|

|align=right|350,964

|align=right|1,016,508

|align=right|

|align=center|1

| Idaho

!scope=row|Boise

|align=center|1865

|align=right|

|align=right|235,684

|align=right|764,718

|align=right|850,341

|align=center|1

| Illinois

!scope=row|Springfield

|align=center|1837

|align=right|

|align=right|114,394

|align=right|208,640

|align=right|308,523

|align=center|7

| Indiana

!scope=row|Indianapolis

|align=center|1825

|align=right|

|align=right|887,642

|align=right|2,111,040

|align=right|2,492,514

|align=center|1

| Iowa

!scope=row|Des Moines

|align=center|1857

|align=right|

|align=right|214,133

|align=right|709,466

|align=right|890,322

|align=center|1

| Kansas

!scope=row|Topeka

|align=center|1856

|align=right|

|align=right|126,587

|align=right|233,152

|align=right|

|align=center|5

| Kentucky

!scope=row|Frankfort

|align=center|1792

|align=right|

|align=right|28,602

|align=right style="background-color:#FFFFDD;"|75,393

|align=right|746,045

|align=center|15

| Louisiana

!scope=row|Baton Rouge

|align=center|1880

|align=right|

|align=right|227,470

|align=right|870,569

|align=right|

|align=center|2

| Maine

!scope=row|Augusta

|align=center|1832

|align=right|

|align=right|18,899

|align=right style="background-color:#FFFFDD;"|123,642

|align=right|

|align=center|12

| Maryland

!scope=row|Annapolis

|align=center|1694

|align=right|

|align=right|40,812

|align=right|2,844,510

|align=right|9,973,383

|align=center|7

| Massachusetts

!scope=row|Boston

|align=center|1630

|align=right|

|align=right|675,647

|align=right|4,941,632

|align=right|8,466,186

|align=center|1

| Michigan

!scope=row|Lansing

|align=center|1847

|align=right|

|align=right|112,644

|align=right|541,297

|align=right|

|align=center|5

| Minnesota

!scope=row|Saint Paul

|align=center|1849

|align=right|

|align=right|311,527

|align=right|3,690,261

|align=right|4,078,788

|align=center|2

| Mississippi

!scope=row|Jackson

|align=center|1864

|align=right|

|align=right|153,701

|align=right|591,978

|align=right|671,607

|align=center|1

| Missouri

!scope=row|Jefferson City

|align=center|1826

|align=right|

|align=right|43,228

|align=right|150,309

|align=right|

|align=center|15

| Montana

!scope=row|Helena

|align=center|1875

|align=right|

|align=right|32,091

|align=right style="background-color:#FFFFDD;"|83,058

|align=right|

|align=center|6

| Nebraska

!scope=row|Lincoln

|align=center|1867

|align=right|

|align=right|291,082

|align=right|340,217

|align=right|361,921

|align=center|2

| Nevada

!scope=row|Carson City

|align=center|1861

|align=right|

|align=right|58,639

|align=right|657,958

|align=center|6

| New Hampshire

!scope=row|Concord

|align=center|1808

|align=right|

|align=right|43,976

|align=right style="background-color:#FFFFDD;"|153,808

|align=right|8,466,186

|align=center|3

| New Jersey

!scope=row|Trenton

|align=center|1784

|align=right|

|align=right|90,871

|align=right|387,340

|align=right|23,582,649

|align=center|10

| New Mexico

!scope=row|Santa Fe

|align=center|1610

|align=right|

|align=right|87,505

|align=right|154,823

|align=right|1,162,523

|align=center|4

| New York

!scope=row|Albany

|align=center|1797

|align=right|

|align=right|99,224

|align=right|899,262

|align=right|1,190,727

|align=center|6

| North Carolina

!scope=row|Raleigh

|align=center|1792

|align=right|

|align=right|467,665

|align=right|1,413,982

|align=right|2,106,463

|align=center|2

| North Dakota

!scope=row|Bismarck

|align=center|1883

|align=right|

|align=right|73,622

|align=right|133,626

|align=right|

|align=center|2

| Ohio

!scope=row|Columbus

|align=center|1816

|align=right|

|align=right|905,748

|align=right|2,138,926

|align=right|2,544,048

|align=center|1

| Oklahoma

!scope=row|Oklahoma City

|align=center|1910

|align=right|

|align=right|681,054

|align=right|1,425,695

|align=right|1,498,149

|align=center|1

| Oregon

!scope=row|Salem

|align=center|1855

|align=right|

|align=right|175,535

|align=right|433,353

|align=right|3,280,736

|align=center|3

| Pennsylvania

!scope=row|Harrisburg

|align=center|1812

|align=right|

|align=right|50,099

|align=right|591,712

|align=right|1,295,259

|align=center|9

| Rhode Island

!scope=row|Providence

|align=center|1900

|align=right|

|align=right|190,934

|align=right|1,676,579

|align=right|8,466,186

|align=center|1

| South Carolina

!scope=row|Columbia

|align=center|1786

|align=right|

|align=right|136,632

|align=right|829,470

|align=right|951,412

|align=center|2

| South Dakota

!scope=row|Pierre

|align=center|1889

|align=right|

|align=right|14,091

|align=right style="background-color:#FFFFDD;"|20,745

|align=right|

|align=center|9

| Tennessee

!scope=row|Nashville

|align=center|1826?

|align=right|

|align=right|689,447

|align=right|1,989,519

|align=right|2,118,233

|align=center|1

| Texas

!scope=row|Austin

|align=center|1836

|align=right|

|align=right|961,855

|align=right|2,283,371

|align=right|

|align=center|4

| Utah

!scope=row|Salt Lake City

|align=center|1858

|align=right|

|align=right|199,723

|align=right|1,257,936

|align=right|2,701,129

|align=center|1

| Vermont

!scope=row|Montpelier

|align=center|1805

|align=right|

|align=right|8,074

|align=right style="background-color:#FFFFDD;"|59,807

|align=right| 285,369

|align=center|6

| Virginia

!scope=row|Richmond

|align=center|1780

|align=right|

|align=right|226,610

|align=right|1,314,434

|align=right|

|align=center|4

| Washington

!scope=row|Olympia

|align=center|1853

|align=right|

|align=right|55,605

|align=right|294,793

|align=right|4,953,421

|align=center|23

| West Virginia

!scope=row|Charleston

|align=center|1885

|align=right|

|align=right|48,864

|align=right|258,859

|align=right|779,969

|align=center|1

| Wisconsin

!scope=row|Madison

|align=center|1838

|align=right|

|align=right|269,840

|align=right|680,796

|align=right|910,246

|align=center|2

| Wyoming

!scope=row|Cheyenne

|align=center|1869

|align=right|

|align=right|65,132

|align=right|100,512

|align=right|

|align=center|1

! colspan="8" |

Insular area capitals

An insular area is a United States territory that is neither a part of one of the fifty states nor a part of the District of Columbia, the nation's federal district. Those insular areas with territorial capitals are listed below.

{| class="wikitable sortable col4right plainrowheaders"

|+ Capitals of United States Insular Areas

! width=150| Insular area

! width=100| Capital

! scope="col" | Since

! scope="col" | Pop. (2010)

! class=unsortable| Notes

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

| American Samoa

! scope="row" | Pago Pago

| 1899 || 3,656 || Pago Pago refers to both a village and a group of villages, one of which is Fagatogo, the official seat of government stated in the territory's constitution.

| Guam

! scope="row" | Hagåtña

| 1898 || 1,051 || Dededo is the area's largest village.

| Northern Mariana Islands

! scope="row" | Saipan

| 1947 || 48,220 ||Since the entire island, of , is organized as a single municipality, most publications designate the whole of Saipan as the Commonwealth's capital. Most government functions are based in the Capitol Hill village, except for the judicial branch which is located in Susupe.

| Puerto Rico

! scope="row" | San Juan

| 1898 || 395,326 || The oldest continuously inhabited U.S. state or territorial capital, San Juan was originally called Puerto Rico while the island was called San Juan Bautista.

| U.S. Virgin Islands

! scope="row" | Charlotte Amalie

| 1917 || 18,481 ||Like the rest of the U.S. Virgin Islands, Charlotte Amalie (located on the island of Saint Thomas) has no local government and is directly administered by the territorial government. However, it has boundaries defined by the Virgin Islands Code and is recognized as a town by the U.S. Census Bureau.

Former national capitals

Four of the 50 U.S. states, Hawaii, Texas, California, and Vermont, were once de jure sovereign states with diplomatic recognition from the international community. California did not have a capital during its time as a sovereign nation.

Hawaii

During its history as a sovereign nation (Kingdom of Hawaii, 1795–1893; Republic of Hawaii, 1894–1898), five sites served as the capital of Hawaii:

thumb|[[Honolulu twice served as the national capital of Hawaii and is now the state capital.]]

Waikīkī, 1795–1796
Hilo, 1796–1803
Honolulu, 1803–1812
Kailua-Kona, 1812–1820
Lahaina, 1820–1845
Honolulu, 1845–1898

Annexed by the United States in 1898, Honolulu remained the capital, first of the Territory of Hawaii (1900–1959), and then of the state (since 1959).

Texas

During its history as a sovereign nation (Republic of Texas, 1836–1845), seven sites served as the capital of Texas:

Washington (now Washington-on-the-Brazos), 1836
Harrisburg (now part of Houston), 1836
Galveston, 1836
Velasco, 1836
West Columbia, 1836
Houston, 1837–1839
Austin, 1839–1845

Annexed by the United States in 1845, Austin remains the capital of the state of Texas.

Vermont

Three sites have served as the capital of the Vermont Republic:

Westminster, 1777
Windsor, 1777–1791
Castleton, 1791

When the state was admitted to the Union in 1791, Burlington was chosen to be the capital and it remained as such until 1805, when it was changed to Montpelier, where it remains today.

Native American capitals

thumb|The [[Navajo Nation Council Chamber in Window Rock, Arizona is the center of government for the Navajo Nation]]

Some Native American tribes, in particular the Five Civilized Tribes, organized their states with constitutions and capitals in Western style. Others, like the Iroquois, had long-standing, pre-Columbian traditions of a 'capitol' longhouse where wampum and council fires were maintained with special status. Since they did business with the U.S. Federal Government, these capitals can be seen as officially recognized in some sense.

Cherokee Nation

New Echota 1825–1832

New Echota, now near Calhoun, Georgia, was founded in 1825, realizing the dream and plans of Cherokee Chief Major Ridge. Major Ridge chose the site because of its centrality in the historic Cherokee Nation which spanned parts of Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee and Alabama, and because it was near the confluence of the Conasauga and Coosawattee rivers. The town's layout was partly inspired by Ridge's many visits to Washington D.C. and to Baltimore, but also invoked traditional themes of the Southeastern ceremonial complex. Complete with the Council House, Supreme Court, Cherokee syllabary printing press, and the houses of several of the Nation's constitutional officers, New Echota served as the capital until 1832 when the state of Georgia outlawed Native American assembly in an attempt to undermine the Nation. Thousands of Cherokee would gather in New Echota for the annual National Councils, camping along the nearby rivers and holding long stomp dances in the park-like woods that were typical of many Southeastern Native American settlements.

Tahlequah 1839–1907, 1938–present

Tahlequah, in present-day Oklahoma, served as the capital of the original Cherokee Nation after Removal. After the Civil War, a turbulent period for the Nation which was involved in its own civil war resulting from pervasive anger and disagreements over removal from Georgia, the Cherokee Nation built a new National Capitol in Tahlequah out of brick. The building served as the capitol until 1907, when the Dawes Act finally dissolved the Cherokee Nation and Tahlequah became the county seat of Cherokee County, Oklahoma. The Cherokee National government was re-established in 1938 and Tahlequah remains the capital of the modern Cherokee Nation; it is also the capital of the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians.

Cherokee 20th century–present (Eastern Band of Cherokee)

Approximately four to eight hundred Cherokees escaped removal because they lived on a separated tract, purchased later with the help of Confederate Colonel William Holland Thomas, along the Oconaluftee River deep in the Smoky Mountains of North Carolina. Some Cherokees fleeing the Federal Army, sent for the "round up", fled to the remote settlements separated from the rest of the Cherokee Territory in Georgia and North Carolina, in order to remain in their homeland. In the 20th century, their descendants organized as the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians; its capital is at Cherokee, North Carolina, in the tribally-controlled Qualla Boundary.

Muscogee Creek Nation

Hot Springs, Arkansas –1866

After Removal from their Alabama-Georgia homeland, the Creek national government met near Hot Springs which was then part of their new territory as prescribed in the Treaty of Cusseta. Because some Creeks fought with the Confederacy in the American Civil War, the Union forced the Creeks to cede over - half of their land in what is now Arkansas.

Okmulgee 1867–1906

Served as the National capital after the American Civil War. It was probably named after Ocmulgee, on the Ocmulgee river in Macon, a principle Coosa and later Creek town built with mounds and functioning as part of the Southeastern ceremonial complex. However, there were other traditional Creek "mother-towns" before removal. The Ocmulgee mounds were ceded illegally in 1821 with the Treaty of Indian Springs.

Iroquois Confederacy

Onondaga (Onondaga privilege –present)

The Iroquois Confederacy or Haudenosaunee, which means "People of the Longhouse", was an alliance between the Five and later Six-Nations of Iroquoian language and culture of upstate New York. These include the Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, Mohawk, and, after 1722, the Tuscarora Nations. Since the Confederacy's formation around 1450, the Onondaga Nation has held privilege of hosting the Iroquois Grand Council and the status of Keepers of the Fire and the Wampum —which they still do at the official Longhouse on the Onondaga Reservation. Now spread over reservations in New York and Ontario, the Six Nations of the Haudenosaunee preserve this arrangement to this day in what they claim to be the "world's oldest representative democracy."

Seneca Nation of Indians

Jimerson Town (Allegany Reservation)
Irving (Cattaraugus Reservation)

The Seneca Nation republic was founded in 1848 and has two capitals that rotate responsibilities every two years. Jimerson Town was founded in the 1960s following the formation of the Allegheny Reservoir. The Senecas also have an administrative longhouse in Steamburg but do not consider that location to be a capital.

Navajo Nation

Window Rock

Window Rock (Navajo: Tségháhoodzání), Arizona, is a small city that serves as the seat of government and capital of the Navajo Nation (1936–present), the largest territory of a sovereign Native American nation in North America. It lies within the boundaries of the St. Michaels Chapter, adjacent to the Arizona and New Mexico state line. Window Rock hosts the Navajo Nation governmental campus which contains the Navajo Nation Council, Navajo Nation Supreme Court, the offices of the Navajo Nation President and Vice President, and many Navajo government buildings.

Unrecognized national capitals

There have been a handful of self-declared or undeclared nations within the current borders of the United States which were never officially recognized as legally independent sovereign entities; however, these nations did have de facto control over their respective regions during their existence.

Colonies of British America

thumb|220x220px|[[Albany City Hall|Stadt Huys, the original city hall of Albany, New York and meeting place of the Albany Congress in 1754.]]

Prior to the independence of the United States from Great Britain, declared July 4, 1776, in the Declaration of Independence and ultimately secured in the American Revolutionary War, several congresses were convened on behalf of some of the colonies of British America. However, these bodies did not address the question of independence from England, and therefore did not designate a national capital. The Second Continental Congress encompassed the period during which the United States declared independence but had not yet established a permanent national capital.

{| class="wikitable"

!Congress

!City

!Building

!Start date

!End date

!Duration

!Ref

|Albany Congress

|Albany, New York

|Stadt Huys

|Stamp Act Congress

|New York, New York

|City Hall

|First Continental Congress

|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

|Carpenters' Hall

|Second Continental Congress

|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

|Independence Hall

| ‡

| It consisted of several tribes of Creeks and Seminoles. It existed from 1799 to 1803. It had one capital:

Miccosukee, 1799–1803

Republic of West Florida

The Republic of West Florida was a short-lived nation that broke away from the territory of Spanish West Florida in 1810. It comprised the Florida Parishes of the modern state of Louisiana and the Mobile District of the modern states of Mississippi and Alabama. (The Republic of West Florida did not include any part of the modern state of Florida.) Ownership of the area had been in dispute between Spain and the United States, which claimed that it had been included in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. Within two months of the settlers' rebellion and the declaration of an independent nation, President James Madison sent American forces to peaceably occupy the new republic. It was formally annexed by the United States in 1812 over the objections of Spain and the land was divided between the Territory of Orleans and Territory of Mississippi. During its brief existence, the capital of the Republic of West Florida was:

St. Francisville, Louisiana, 1810

Republic of Indian Stream

The Republic of Indian Stream was an unrecognized independent nation within the present state of New Hampshire.

The area that would become Pittsburg, New Hampshire, 1832–1835

California Republic

Before being annexed by the United States in 1848 (following the Mexican–American War), a small portion of north-central California declared itself the California Republic, in an act of independence from Mexico, in 1846 (see Bear Flag Revolt). The republic only existed a month before it disbanded itself to join the advancing American army; its claimed territory later became part of the United States as a result of the Mexican Cession.

left|thumb|175px|The original of Todd's [[Bear Flag, photographed in 1890]]

right|thumb|175px|Modern flag of the State of California

The very short-lived California Republic was never recognized by the United States, Mexico or any other nation. The flag, featuring a silhouette of a California grizzly bear, a star, and the words "California Republic", became known as the Bear Flag and was later the basis for the official state flag of California.

There was one de facto capital of the California Republic:

Sonoma, 1846

Confederate States

thumb|[[Richmond, Virginia|Richmond served as the second capital of the Confederate States of America. The city has been Virginia's capital since 1780.]]

The Confederate States of America (C.S.A.) had three capitals during its existence. The first capital was established February 4, 1861, in Montgomery, Alabama, and remained there until it was moved to Richmond, Virginia, on May 29, 1861, after Virginia seceded on May 23.

The individual state capitals remained the same in the Confederacy as they had been in the Union (U.S.A.), although as the advancing Union Army used those cities for military districts, some of the Confederate governments were relocated or moved out of state, traveling along with secessionist armies.

Montgomery, Alabama, February 4, 1861 – May 29, 1861
Richmond, Virginia, May 29, 1861 – April 3, 1865
Danville, Virginia, April 2, 1865- May 10, 1865

Free State of Jones

In 1863 and 1864, Jones County, Mississippi revolted against Confederate rule and became practically independent under the name Free State of Jones. The Free State fought a number of skirmishes with Confederate troops. By the spring of 1864 the Jones County rebels had taken effective control of the county from the Confederate government, raised an American flag over the courthouse in Ellisville, and sent a letter to Union General William T. Sherman declaring Jones County's independence from the Confederacy.

Scholars have disputed whether the county truly seceded, with some concluding it did not fully secede. Lack of documentation makes the situation difficult to assess. The rebellion in Jones County has been variously characterized as consisting of local skirmishes to being a full-fledged war of independence.]]

Twenty-two state capitals have been a capital longer than their state has been a state, since they served as the capital of a predecessor territory, colony, or republic. Boston, Massachusetts, has been a capital city since 1630; it is the oldest continuously running capital in the United States. Santa Fe, New Mexico, is the oldest capital city, having become capital in 1610 and interrupted only by the aforementioned Pueblo Revolt. An even older Spanish city, St. Augustine, Florida, served as a colonial capital from 1565 until about 1820, more than 250 years.

The table below includes the following information:

The state, the year in which statehood was granted, and the state's capital are shown in bold type. NOTE: For the first thirteen states, formerly the Thirteen Colonies of Great Britain on the Atlantic seaboard, the year of statehood is shown as 1776 (United States Declaration of Independence) rather than the subsequent year each state ratified the 1787 United States Constitution. (See List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union.)
The year listed for each capital is the starting date; the ending date is the starting date for the successor unless otherwise indicated.
In many cases, capital cities of historical jurisdictions were outside of a state's present borders. (Those cities are generally indicated with the two-letter abbreviation for the U.S. state in which the former administrative capital is now located.)

{|class=wikitable

|+Historical capitals in the United States of America

!State!!width=200|Capital!!Date!!width=450|Notes

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=19|Alabama Statehood in 1819

|San Agustín (FL)||1565||Capital of the Spanish colony of La Florida.

|rowspan=3|Savannah (GA)||1733||Capital of the British proprietary Colony of Georgia.

|1755||Capital of the British Province of Georgia.

|1776||rowspan=9|Capitals of the State of Georgia.

|Augusta (GA)||1778

|Heard's Fort (GA)||1780

|Augusta (GA)||1781

|Savannah (GA)||1782

|Ebenezer (GA)||1782

|Savannah (GA)||1784

|Augusta (GA)||1786

|Louisville (GA)||1796

|Natchez (MS)||1798||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Mississippi Territory.

|Washington (MS)||1802

|St. Stephens||1817||Capital of the Alabama Territory.

|Huntsville||1819||rowspan=3|Capitals of the State of Alabama.

|Cahawba||1820

|Tuscaloosa||1826

|Montgomery||1846||Capital of the State of Alabama. (Capital of the Confederate States of America in 1861.)

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=6|Alaska Statehood in 1959

|rowspan=3|Novo-Arkhangelsk Sitka||1808||Capital of the Russian colony of Alaska.

|1867||Capital of the Department of Alaska.

|1900||rowspan=2|Capitals of the District of Alaska.

|rowspan=3|Juneau||1906

|1912||Capital of the Territory of Alaska.

|1959||Capital of the State of Alaska.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=10|Arizona Statehood in 1912

|rowspan=2|Santa Fe (NM)||1848||Capital of the U.S. provisional government of New Mexico 1848–1850.

|1850||Capital of the U.S. Territory of New Mexico 1850–1912.

|Mesilla (NM)||1862||Capital of the Confederate Territory of Arizona (southern New Mexico and Arizona 1862).

|San Antonio (TX)||1862||Capital of the government-in-exile of the Confederate Territory of Arizona 1862–1865.

|Fort Whipple||1864||rowspan=5|Capitals of the U.S. Territory of Arizona.

|Prescott||1864

|Tucson||1867

|Prescott||1877

|rowspan=2|Phoenix||1889

|1912||Capital of the State of Arizona.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=8|Arkansas Statehood in 1836

|rowspan = 5|Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)||1765||Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

|1800||Capital of the French district of La Haute-Louisiane.

|1804||Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory).

|1805||Capital of the Louisiana Territory.

|1812||Capital of the Missouri Territory.

|Arkansas Post||1819||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Arkansaw Territory.

|rowspan=2|Little Rock||1821

|1836||Capital of the State of Arkansas. (Washington was the Confederate state capital 1863–1865.)

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=10|California Statehood in 1850

|Loreto (BCS)||1770||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Spanish Virreinato de la Nueva España colonies of las Californias.

|rowspan=5|Presidio Reál de San Carlos de Monterey Monterey ||1777

|1804||Capital of the Spanish Virreinato de la Nueva España province of Alta California.

|1821||Capital of the Mexican province of Alta California.

|1846||Capital of the U.S. military government of California.

|1849||Capital of the Provisional Government of California.

|Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe||1850||rowspan=4|Capitals of the State of California.

|Vallejo||1852

|Benicia||1853

|Sacramento||1854

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=7|Colorado Statehood in 1876

|Denver City||1859||rowspan=2|Capitals of the extralegal Territory of Jefferson.

|Golden City||1860

|Denver City||1861||rowspan=4|Capitals of the Territory of Colorado.

|Colorado City||1862

|Golden City||1862

|rowspan=2|Denver||1867

|1876||Capital of the State of Colorado.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=9|Connecticut Statehood in 1776

|Fort Amsterdam (NY)||1625||Capital of the Dutch colony of Nieuw-Nederland.

|Hartford||1639||Capital of the English Colony of Connecticut 1639–1686.

|New-Haven||1640||Capital of the English Colony of New-Haven until its merger into the Connecticut Colony in 1662.

|Boston (MA)||1686||Capital of the English Dominion of New-England in America.

|Hartford||1689||Capital of the English Colony of Connecticut.

|rowspan=3|joint capitals||1701||Hartford and New-Haven served as the "co-capitals" of the English Colony of Connecticut, with the Assembly holding its May session in Hartford and its October session in New-Haven.

|1707||Hartford and New-Haven joint capitals of the British Colony of Connecticut.

|1776||Hartford and New Haven joint capitals of the State of Connecticut.

|Hartford||1875||Capital of the State of Connecticut.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=10|Delaware Statehood in 1776

|Fort Christina||1638||Capital of the Swedish colony of Nya Sverige.

|rowspan=4|Fort Amsterdam Nieuw-Amsterdam New-York Nieuw-Oranje New-York (NY)||1655||Capital of the Dutch province of Nieuw-Nederland.

|1664||Capital of the English Colony of New-York.

|1673||Capital of the Dutch military government of Nieuw-Nederland.

|1674||Capital of the English Colony of New-York.

|Philadelphia (PA)||1682||Capital of the English Colony of Pennsylvania.

|rowspan=3|New Castle||1704||Capital of the English Lower Counties on the Delaware.

|1707||Capital of the British Lower Counties on the Delaware.

|1776||rowspan=2|Capitals of the State of Delaware.

|Dover||1777

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=8|Florida Statehood in 1845

|Fort de la Caroline||1564||Capital of the French colony of La Caroline 1564–1565.

|rowspan=3|San Agustín St. Augustine||1565||Capital of the Spanish province of La Florida 1565–1763.

|1763||Capital of the British province of East Florida 1763–1783.

|1783||Capital of the Spanish province of Florida Oriental 1783–1821.

|rowspan=2|Santa María de Ochuse Pensacola||1763||Capital of the British province of British West Florida 1763–1783.

|1783||Capital of the Spanish province of Florida Occidental 1783–1821.

|rowspan=2|Tallahassee||1824||Capital of the Florida Territory.

|1845||Capital of the State of Florida.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=17|Georgia Statehood in 1776

|Fort de la Caroline||1564||Capital of the French colony of La Caroline 1564–1565.

|San Agustín (FL)||1565||Capital of the Spanish province of La Florida.

|rowspan=3|Savannah||1733||Capital of the British proprietary Colony of Georgia.

|1755||Capital of the British Province of Georgia.

|1776||rowspan=13|Capitals of the State of Georgia.

|Augusta||1778

|Heard's Fort||1780

|Augusta||1781

|Savannah||1782

|Ebenezer||1782

|Savannah||1784

|Augusta||1786

|Louisville||1796

|Milledgeville||1807

|Macon||1864

|Milledgeville||1865

|Atlanta||1868

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=5|Hawaii Statehood in 1959

|Lahaina||1820||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Kingdom of Hawaii.

|rowspan=4|Honolulu||1845

|1894||Capital of the Republic of Hawaii.

|1898||Capital of the Territory of Hawaii.

|1959||Capital of the State of Hawaii.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=7|Idaho Statehood in 1890

|rowspan=2|Oregon City (OR)||1843||Capital of the Provisional Government of Oregon in the Oregon Country. Statehood in 1818

|Marietta (OH)||1788||Capital of the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio.

|Vincennes (IN)||1800||Capital of the Territory of Indiana.

|rowspan=2|Kaskaskia||1809||Capital of the Territory of Illinois.

|1818||rowspan=3|Capitals of the State of Illinois.

|Vandalia||1820

|Springfield||1839

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=5|Indiana Statehood in 1816

|Marietta (OH)||1788||Capital of the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio.

|Vincennes||1800||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Indiana.

|rowspan=2|Corydon||1813

|1816||rowspan=2|Capitals of the State of Indiana.

|Indianapolis||1825

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=12|Iowa Statehood in 1846

|rowspan = 5|Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)||1765||Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

|1800||Capital of the French district of La Haute-Louisiane.

|1804||Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory).

|1805||Capital of the Louisiana Territory.

|1812||Capital of the Missouri Territory (1812–1821).

|Detroit (MI)||1834||Capital of the Territory of Michigan.

|Belmont (WI)||1836||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Wisconsin.

|rowspan=2|Burlington||1837

|1838||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Iowa.

|rowspan=2|Iowa City||1841

|1846||rowspan=2|Capitals of the State of Iowa.

|Des Moines||1857

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=11|Kansas Statehood in 1861

|rowspan = 5|Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)||1765||Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

|1800||Capital of the French district of La Haute-Louisiane.

|1804||Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory).

|1805||Capital of the Louisiana Territory.

|1812||Capital of the Missouri Territory (1812–1821).

|Pawnee||1855||Capital of the Kansas Territory (July 2 – 6).

|Shawnee Mission||1855||Capital of the Kansas Territory.

|Lecompton||rowspan=2|1856||Capital de jure (pro-slavery) of the Territory of Kansas.

|Topeka||Capital de facto (anti-slavery) of the Territory of Kansas.

|Minneola||1858||Declared capital by territorial legislature, although this action was later declared void.

|Topeka||1861||Capital of the State of Kansas.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=5|Kentucky Statehood in 1792

|rowspan=3|Williamsburg (VA)||1699||Capital of the English Colony of Virginia.

|1707||Capital of the British Colony of Virginia.

|1776||rowspan=2|Capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia.

|Richmond (VA)||1780

|Frankfort||1792||Capital of the Commonwealth of Kentucky. (The government initially met at Lexington but Frankfort was quickly named the capital. Bowling Green was the rival Confederate state capital 1861–62).

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=13|Louisiana Statehood in 1812

|San Agustín (FL)||1565||Capital of the Spanish province of La Florida.

|La Mobile (AL)||1702||rowspan=3|Capitals of the French colony of La Louisiane.

|Bilocci (MS)||1720

|rowspan=5|La Nouvelle-Orléans Nueva Orleans New Orleans||1722

|1763||Capital of the Spanish district of Baja Louisiana.

|1800||Capital of the French district of La Basse-Louisiane.

|1804||Capital of the Territory of Orleans.

|1812||rowspan=6|Capitals of the State of Louisiana. (After the Union captured New Orleans in 1862, the Confederate seat of government relocated to Opelousas in 1862 and then to Shreveport in 1863.)

|Donaldsonville||1830

|New Orleans||1831

|Baton Rouge||1849

|New Orleans||1864

|Baton Rouge||1882

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=14|Maine Statehood in 1820

|Île Sainte-Croix||1604||rowspan=2|Capitals of the French colony of l'Acadie.

|Port-Royal (NS)||1605

|rowspan=8|Boston (MA)||1630||Capital of the English Colony of Massachusetts Bay.

|1686||Capital of the English Dominion of New-England in America.

|1689||Capital of the dissident Colony of Massachusetts Bay.

|1691||Capital of the English Province of Massachusetts Bay.

|1707||Capital of the British Province of Massachusetts Bay.

|1774||Capital of the dissident Province of Massachusetts Bay.

|1776||Capital of the State of Massachusetts Bay.

|1780||Capital of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

|rowspan=2|Portland||1820||Capital of the State of Maine.

|rowspan=2|1827||Capital de facto of the State of Maine.

|rowspan=2|Augusta||Capital de jure of the State of Maine.

|1832||Capital of the State of Maine.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=4|Maryland Statehood in 1776

|St. Mary's City||1634||Capital of the English proprietary Colony of Maryland.

|rowspan=3|Anne Arundel's Towne Annapolis ||1694||Capital of the English Province of Maryland.

|1707||Capital of the British Province of Maryland.

|1776||Capital of the State of Maryland. (Capital of the United States of America 1783–1784.)

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=10|Massachusetts Statehood in 1776

|Plimouth||1620||Capital of the English Colony of New-Plimouth 1620–1686.

|rowspan=2|Boston||1630||Capital of the English Colony of Massachusetts Bay 1630–1686.

|1686||Capital of the English Dominion of New-England in America 1686–1689.

|Plimouth||1688||Capital of the dissident Colony of New-Plimouth 1688–1692.

|rowspan=6|Boston||1689||Capital of the dissident Colony of Massachusetts Bay 1689–1692.

|1692||Capital of the English Province of Massachusetts Bay.

|1707||Capital of the British Province of Massachusetts Bay.

|1774||Capital of the dissident Province of Massachusetts Bay.

|1776||Capital of the State of Massachusetts Bay.

|1780||Capital of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=7|Michigan Statehood in 1837

|Marietta (OH)||1788||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio (all of Michigan 1788–1800, eastern Michigan 1800–1803).

|Chillicothe (OH)||rowspan=2|1800

|Vincennes (IN)||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Indiana (western Michigan 1800–1803; all of Michigan 1803–1805, a portion of the Upper Peninsula 1805–1816).

|Corydon (IN)||1813

|rowspan=2|Detroit||1805||Capital of the Territory of Michigan (Lower Peninsula 1805–1818, all of Michigan 1818–1837). (Detroit was occupied by British Armed Forces 1812–1813).

|1837||rowspan=2|Capitals of the State of Michigan.

|Lansing||1847

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=16|Minnesota Statehood in 1858

|rowspan=5|Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)||1765||Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana 1765–1800.

|1800||Capital of the French district of la Haute-Louisiane (west of Mississippi River 1800–1804).

|1804||Capital of the District of Louisiana (west of Mississippi River under the authority of the Indiana Territory 1804–1805).

|1805||Capital of the Territory of Louisiana (west of Mississippi River 1805–1812).

|1812||Capital of the Territory of Missouri (west of Mississippi River 1812–1821).

|Marietta (OH)||1788||Capital of the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio (east of Mississippi River 1788–1800).

|Vincennes (IN)||1800||Capital of the Territory of Indiana (east of Mississippi River 1800–1809).

|Kaskaskia (IL)||1809||Capital of the Territory of Illinois (east of Mississippi River 1809–1818).

|Detroit (MI)||1818||Capital of the Territory of Michigan (east of Mississippi River 1818–1834, all of Minnesota 1834–1836).

|Belmont (WI)||1836||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Wisconsin.

|rowspan=2|Burlington (IA)||1837

|rowspan=2|1838||Capital of the Territory of Iowa (west of Mississippi River 1838–1841).

|Madison (WI)||Capital of the Territory of Wisconsin (east of Mississippi River 1838–1848).

|Iowa City (IA)||1841||Capital of the Territory of Iowa (west of Mississippi River 1841–1846).

|rowspan=2|Saint Paul||1849||Capital of the Territory of Minnesota.

|1858||Capital of the State of Minnesota.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=16|Mississippi Statehood in 1817

|San Agustín (FL)||1565||Capital of the Spanish province of La Florida.

|rowspan=3|Savannah (GA)||1733||Capital of the British proprietary Colony of Georgia.

|1755||Capital of the British Province of Georgia.

|1776||rowspan=9|Capitals of the State of Georgia.

|Augusta (GA)||1778

|Heard's Fort (GA)||1780

|Augusta (GA)||1781

|Savannah (GA)||1782

|Ebenezer (GA)||1782

|Savannah (GA)||1784

|Augusta (GA)||1786

|Louisville (GA)||1796

|Natchez||1798||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Mississippi.

|Washington||1802

|Natchez||1817||rowspan=2|Capitals of the State of Mississippi.

|Jackson||1821

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=7|Missouri Statehood in 1821

|rowspan = 5|Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis||1765||Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

|1800||Capital of the French district of La Haute-Louisiane.

|1804||Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory).

|1805||Capital of the Louisiana Territory.

|1812||Capital of the Missouri Territory.

|Saint Charles||1821||rowspan =2|Capitals of the State of Missouri. (A Confederate state government in exile operated from Neosho 1861–1863, and from Marshall, Texas, 1863–1865).

|Jefferson City||1826

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=17|Montana Statehood in 1889

|rowspan = 5|Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)||1765||Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana (east of Continental Divide 1763–1800.)

|1800||Capital of the French district of la Haute-Louisiane (east of Continental Divide 1800–1804).

|1804||Capital of the District of Louisiana (east of Continental Divide under the authority of the Indiana Territory 1804–1805).

|1805||Capital of the Territory of Louisiana (east of Continental Divide 1805–1812).

|1812||Capital of the Territory of Missouri (east of Continental Divide 1812–1821).

|Fort Vancouver (WA)||1825||Capital de facto of the Oregon Country (west of Continental Divide 1818–1843).

|rowspan=2|Oregon City (OR)||1843||Capital of the Provisional Government of Oregon (west of Continental Divide 1843–1848).

|1848||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Oregon (west of Continental Divide 1848–1853).

|Salem (OR)||1851

|Olympia (WA)||1853||Capital of the Territory of Washington (west of Continental Divide 1853–1863).

|Omaha (NE)||1854||Capital of the Territory of Nebraska (east of Continental Divide 1854–1861).

|Yankton (SD)||1861||Capital of the Territory of Dakota (east of Continental Divide 1861–1863).

|Lewiston (ID)||1863||Capital of the Territory of Idaho.

|Bannack||1864||rowspan=3|Capitals of the Territory of Montana.

|Virginia City||1865

|rowspan=2|Helena||1875

|1889||Capital of the State of Montana.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=8|Nebraska Statehood in 1867

|rowspan = 5|Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)||1765||Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

|1800||Capital of the French district of la Haute-Louisiane.

|1804||Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory).

|1805||Capital of the Territory of Louisiana.

|1812||Capital of the Territory of Missouri (1812–1821).

|Omaha||1854||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Nebraska.

|rowspan=2|Lancaster Lincoln||1867

|1867||Capital of the State of Nebraska.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=5|Nevada Statehood in 1864

|Fillmore (UT)||1850||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Utah.

|Salt Lake City (UT)||1858

|Genoa||1861||Capital of the Territory of Nevada.

|rowspan=2|Carson City||1861||Capital of the Territory of Nevada.

|1864||Capital of the State of Nevada.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=11|New Hampshire Statehood in 1776

|Boston (MA)||1630||Capital of the English Colony of Massachusetts Bay.

|Portsmouth||1680||Capital of the English Province of New Hampshire.

|Boston (MA)||1686||Capital of the English Dominion of New-England in America.

|rowspan=5|Portsmouth||1689||Capital of the dissident Province of New Hampshire.

|1691||Capital of the English Province of New Hampshire.

|1698||Capital of the English Province of New Hampshire under jurisdiction of the Royal Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay.

|1707||Capital of the British Province of New Hampshire under jurisdiction of the Royal Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay.

|1741||Capital of the British Province of New Hampshire.

|rowspan=2|Exeter||1775||Capital of the Revolutionary War government of New Hampshire.

|1776||rowspan=2|Capitals of the State of New Hampshire.

|Concord||1808

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=13|New Jersey Statehood in 1776

|rowspan=3|Fort Amsterdam (NY) New-York (NY)||1625||Capital of the Dutch colony of Nieuw-Nederland.

|1652||Capital of the Dutch province of Nieuw-Nederland.

|1664||Capital of the English Province of New York.

|Elizabethtown (now Elizabeth)||1665||Capital of the English Province of New Jersey.

|Perth Amboy||rowspan=2|1673||Capital of the English Province of East Jersey 1673–1688.

|Burlington||Capital of the English Province of West Jersey 1673–1688.

|Boston (MA)||1688||Capital of the English Dominion of New-England in America 1688–1689.

|Perth Amboy||rowspan=2|1689||Capital of the English Province of East Jersey 1689–1702.

|Burlington||Capital of the English Province of West Jersey 1689–1702.

|rowspan=3|joint capitals||1702||East Jersey and West Jersey were re-united as the English Province of New Jersey in 1702. Perth Amboy and Burlington served jointly as the capital until 1784.

|1707||Joint capitals of the British Province of New Jersey.

|1776||Joint capitals of the State of New Jersey.

|Trenton||1784||Capital of the State of New Jersey. (Capital of the United States of America in 1784).

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=10|New Mexico Statehood in 1912

|San Juan de los Caballeros||1598||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Spanish Virreinato de la Nueva España province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México.

|La Villa Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco de Asís||1610

|El Paso del Norte (now Ciudad Juárez CHH)||1680||Capital of the Spanish Virreinato de la Nueva España province-in-exile of Santa Fe de Nuevo México (Pueblo Revolt 1680–1692).

|rowspan=6|La Villa Real de la Santa Fé de San Francisco de Asís Santa Fe||1692||Capital of the Spanish Virreinato de la Nueva España province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México.

|1821||Capital of the Mexican province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México.

|1824||Capital of the Mexican territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México.

|1846||Capital of the U.S. military government of New Mexico 1846.

|1846||Capital of the U.S. provisional government of New Mexico 1846–1850.

|1850||Capital of the U.S. Territory of New Mexico 1850–1912.

|Santa Fe||1912||Capital of the State of New Mexico.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=15|New York Statehood in 1776

|rowspan=5|Fort Amsterdam Nieuw-Amsterdam New-York Nieuw-Oranje New-York||1625||Capital of the Dutch colony of Nieuw-Nederland (Novum Belgium).

|1652||Capital of the Dutch province of Nieuw-Nederland.

|1664||Capital of the English Province of New York.

|1673||Capital of the Dutch military government of Nieuw-Nederland.

|1674||Capital of the English Province of New York.

|Boston (MA)||1688||Capital of the English Dominion of New-England in America.

|rowspan=4|New-York||1689||Capital of the dissident government of New-York.

|1691||Capital of the English Province of New York.

|1707||Capital of the British Province of New York.

|1776||rowspan=4|Capitals of the State of New York.

|Kingston||1777

|Hurley||1777

|Poughkeepsie||1777

|New York||1788||Capital of the State of New York. (Capital of the United States of America 1785–1788 and 1789–1790).

|Albany||1797||Capital of the State of New York.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=7|North Carolina Statehood in 1776

|San Agustín (FL)||1565||Capital of the Spanish province of La Florida.

|rowspan=2|Charlestown (SC)||1670||Capital of the English Province of Carolina.

|1707||Capital of the British Province of Carolina.

|rowspan=2|New Bern||1712||Capital of the British Province of North Carolina.

|1776||rowspan=3|Capitals of the State of North Carolina.

|Fayetteville||1789

|Raleigh||1794

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=15|North Dakota Statehood in 1889

|rowspan = 5|Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)||1765||Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

|1800||Capital of the French district of la Haute-Louisiane.

|1804||Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory).

|1805||Capital of the Territory of Louisiana.

|1812||Capital of the Territory of Missouri (1812–1821).

|Detroit (MI)||1834||Capital of the Territory of Michigan (east of Missouri River and White Earth River 1834–1836).

|Belmont (WI)||1836||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Wisconsin (east of Missouri River and White Earth River 1836–1838).

|rowspan=2|Burlington (IA)||1837

|1838||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Iowa (east of Missouri River and White Earth River 1838–1846).

|Iowa City (IA)||1841

|Saint Paul (MN)||1849||Capital of the Territory of Minnesota (east of Missouri River and White Earth River 1849–1858).

|Omaha (NE)||1854||Capital of the Territory of Nebraska (west of Missouri River or White Earth River 1854–1861).

|Yankton (SD)||1861||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Dakota.

|rowspan=2|Bismarck||1883

|1889||Capital of the State of North Dakota.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=6|Ohio Statehood in 1803

|Marietta||1788||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio.

|rowspan=2|Chillicothe||1800

|1803||rowspan=4|Capitals of the State of Ohio.

|Zanesville||1810

|Chillicothe||1812

|Columbus||1816

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=17|Oklahoma Statehood in 1907

|rowspan = 5|Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)||1765||Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

|1800||Capital of the French district of la Haute-Louisiane.

|1804||Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory).

|1805||Capital of the Territory of Louisiana.

|1812||Capital of the Territory of Missouri.

|Arkansas Post (AR)||1819||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Arkansaw (south of the parallel 36°30' north 1819–1824, southeastern Oklahoma 1824–1828).

|Little Rock (AR)||1821

|Fort Gibson||1824||De facto capital of the Indian Territory.

|Tahlequah||1838||Capital of the Cherokee Nation.

|Tuskahoma||1838||Capital of the Choctaw Nation.

|Tishomingo||1855||Capital of the Chickasaw Nation.

|Wewoka||1866||Capital of the Seminole Nation.

|Okmulgee||1867||Capital of the Creek Nation.

|Pawhuska||1872||Capital of the Osage Nation.

|rowspan=2|Guthrie||1889||Capital of the Territory of Oklahoma.

|1907||rowspan=2|Capitals of the State of Oklahoma.

|Oklahoma City||1910

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=7|Oregon Statehood in 1859

|Champoeg||1843||Temporary capital of the disputed Oregon Country.

|rowspan=2|Oregon City||1843||Capital of the Provisional Government of Oregon in the Oregon Country.

|1848||rowspan=4|Capitals of the Territory of Oregon.

|Salem||1851

|Corvallis||1855

|rowspan=2|Salem||1855

|1859||Capital of the State of Oregon.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=6|Pennsylvania Statehood in 1776

|Fort Christina||1638||Capital of the Swedish colony of Nya Sverige.

|rowspan=3|Philadelphia||1682||Capital of the English proprietary Colony of Pennsylvania.

|1707||Capital of the British proprietary Colony of Pennsylvania.

|1776||Capital of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. (Capital of the United States of America 1776, 1777, 1778–1783, and 1790–1800).

|Lancaster||1799||Capital of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. (Capital of the United States of America 1777).

|Harrisburg||1812||Capital of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=11|Rhode Island Statehood in 1776

|Providence||1636||Capital of the English Colony of Providence 1636–1644.

|rowspan=2|Portsmouth||1639||Capital of the English Colony of Aquidneck Island 1639–1644.

|1644||Capital of the English Colony of Rhode Island.

|Providence||1644||Capital of the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.

|Boston (MA)||1686||Capital of the English Dominion of New-England in America.

|rowspan=2|Providence||1689||Capital of the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.

|1707||Capital of the British Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.

|five capitals||1776||From 1776 to 1853, the legislature of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations rotated among the county seats of the state's five counties: Providence, Newport, East Greenwich, South Kingstown, and Bristol.

|joint capitals||1854||From 1854 to 1899, the legislature of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations alternated sessions between Providence and Newport.

|rowspan=2|Providence||1900||Capital of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.

|2020||Capital of the State of Rhode Island.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=7|South Carolina Statehood in 1776

|Charlesfort (SC)||1562||Capital of the French colony of Floride françoise.

|San Agustín (FL)||1565||Capital of the Spanish province of La Florida.

|rowspan=4|Charlestown||1670||Capital of the English Province of Carolina.

|1707||Capital of the British Province of Carolina.

|1712||Capital of the British Province of South Carolina.

|1776||rowspan=2|Capitals of the State of South Carolina.

|Columbia||1786

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=15|South Dakota Statehood in 1889

|rowspan = 5|Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)||1765||Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

|1800||Capital of the French district of la Haute-Louisiane.

|1804||Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory.)

|1805||Capital of the Territory of Louisiana.

|1812||Capital of the Territory of Missouri (1812–1821).

|Detroit (MI)||1834||Capital of the Territory of Michigan (east of Missouri River 1834–1836).

|Belmont (WI)||1836||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Wisconsin (east of Missouri River 1836–1838).

|rowspan=2|Burlington (IA)||1837

|1838||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Iowa (east of Missouri River 1838–1846).

|Iowa City (IA)||1841

|Saint Paul (MN)||1849||Capital of the Territory of Minnesota (east of Missouri River 1849–1858).

|Omaha (NE)||1854||Capital of the Territory of Nebraska (west of Missouri River 1854–1861).

|Yankton||1861||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Dakota.

|Bismarck (ND)||1883

|Pierre||1889||Capital of the State of South Dakota.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=11|Tennessee Statehood in 1796

|rowspan=2|New Bern (NC)||1712||Capital of the British Province of North Carolina.

|1776||Capital of the State of North Carolina.

|Rocky Mount||1790||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory South of the River Ohio.

|rowspan=2|White's Fort Knoxville||1791

|1796||Capital of the State of Tennessee.

|Kingston||1807||Capital of the State of Tennessee for one day in 1807 to fulfill treaty obligations with the Cherokee Nation.

|Knoxville||1807||rowspan=5|Capitals of the State of Tennessee.

|Nashville||1812

|Knoxville||1817

|Murfreesboro||1818

|Nashville||1826

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=13|Texas Statehood in 1845

|Los Adaes (LA)||1729||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Spanish province of Tejas.

|San Antonio de Béxar (now San Antonio)||1772

|Saltillo (COA)||1824||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Mexican province of Coahuila y Tejas.

|Monclova (COA)||1833

|San Felipe de Austin||1835||rowspan=1|Capital of the Provisional Government of Texas.

|Washington (now Washington-on-the-Brazos)||1836||rowspan=7|Capitals of the Republic of Texas.

|Galveston||1836

|Harrisburg||1836

|Velasco||1836

|Columbia||1836

|Houston||1837

|rowspan=2|Austin||1839

|1845||Capital of the State of Texas.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=4|Utah Statehood in 1896

|Salt Lake City||1849||Capital of the extralegal State of Deseret.

|Fillmore||1850||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Territory of Utah.

|rowspan=2|Salt Lake City||1858

|1896||Capital of the State of Utah.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=5|Vermont Statehood in 1791

|Westminster||1777||rowspan=2|Capitals of the Republic of New Connecticut.

|rowspan=3|Windsor||1777

|1777||Capital of the Vermont Republic.

|1791||rowspan=2|Capitals of the State of Vermont.

|Montpelier||1805

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=6|Virginia Statehood in 1776

|San Agustín (FL)||1565||Capital of the Spanish province of La Florida.

|Jamestown||1607|| rowspan="2" |Capitals of the English Colony of Virginia.

|rowspan=3|Middle Plantation Williamsburg||1698

|1707||Capital of the British Colony of Virginia.

|1776||Capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia.

|Richmond||1780||Capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia. (Capital of the Confederate States of America 1861–1865.) (A rival pro-Union state government operated from Wheeling 1861–1863 and from Alexandria 1863–1865).

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=6|Washington Statehood in 1889

|Champoeg (OR)||1843||Temporary capital of the disputed Oregon Country.

|rowspan=2|Oregon City (OR)||1843||Capital of the Provisional Government of Oregon in the Oregon Country. Statehood in 1848

|Marietta (OH)||1788||Capital of the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio.

|Vincennes (IN)||1800||Capital of the Territory of Indiana.

|Kaskaskia (IL)||1809||Capital of the Territory of Illinois.

|Detroit (MI)||1818||Capital of the Territory of Michigan.

|Belmont||1836||rowspan=3|Capitals of the Territory of Wisconsin.

|Burlington (IA)||1837

|rowspan=2|Madison||1838

|1848||Capital of the State of Wisconsin.

|- style="border-top: solid 2px #000"

|rowspan=4|Wyoming Statehood in 1890

|Lewiston (ID)||1863||Capital of the Territory of Idaho.

|Yankton (SD)||1864||Capital of the Territory of Dakota.

|rowspan=2|Cheyenne||1869||Capital of the Territory of Wyoming.

|1890||Capital of the State of Wyoming.

List of capitals in the United States

National capitals

State capitals

Insular area capitals

Former national capitals

Hawaii

Texas

Vermont

Native American capitals

Cherokee Nation

Muscogee Creek Nation

Iroquois Confederacy

Seneca Nation of Indians

Navajo Nation

Unrecognized national capitals

Colonies of British America

Republic of West Florida

Republic of Indian Stream

California Republic

Confederate States

Free State of Jones

See also

Explanatory notes

References

Further reading

External links