300px|thumb|Scottish Parliament Building and adjacent water pool, 2017
The Scottish Parliament is the devolved legislature of Scotland. It was founded in 1999. The 129 members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs) are elected using the additional member system. 73 MSPs are elected through the first-past-the-post system in the Parliament's single-member constituencies, while 56 are elected in the regions to ensure results are proportional. There are 8 regions, electing 7 MSPs each. By-elections to the Parliament occur when a constituency seat becomes vacant, due to the death or resignation of a member.
There were no by-elections in the 3rd Scottish Parliament term (2007–11).
By-elections
:Where seats changed political party at the by-election, the result is highlighted: pink for a Labour gain, and blue for a Conservative gain
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|+List of by-elections for constituency members
|-
! scope="col"| Parliament
! scope="col" style="width:150px;"| By-election
! scope="col" data-sort-type=date style="width: 150px;"| Date
! scope="col" style="width:120px;"| Incumbent
! scope="col" style="width:50px;" colspan="2"| Party
! scope="col" style="width:120px;"| Winner
! scope="col" style="width:25px;" colspan="2"| Party
! scope="col" style="width:550px;"| Cause
! scope="col" class="unsortable"| Ref
|- bgcolor=pink
| 6th
| Hamilton, Larkhall and Stonehouse
| 5 June 2025
|
|
| Davy Russell
|
| Death (breast cancer)
|
|-
| rowspan="2"| 5th
| Shetland
| 29 August 2019
|
|
|
|
| Resignation (to take a new role at Scottish Rugby)
|
|-
|Ettrick, Roxburgh and Berwickshire
| 8 June 2017
|
|
|
|
| Resignation (to contest a seat in the 2017 UK general election)
|
|-
| rowspan="3"| 4th
| Cowdenbeath
| 23 January 2014
|
|
|
|
| Death (cancer)
|
|-
|- bgcolor=pink
| Dunfermline
| 24 October 2013
|
|
|
|
| Resignation (convicted of assault)
|
|-
| Aberdeen Donside
| 20 June 2013
|
|
|
|
| Death (cancer)
|
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2nd
| Moray
| 27 April 2006
|
|
|
|
| Death (breast cancer)
|
|-
| Glasgow Cathcart
| 29 September 2005
|
|
|
|
| Resignation (convicted of fire-raising)
|
|-
| rowspan="4"| 1st
| Banff and Buchan
| 7 June 2001
|
|
|
|
| Resignation (to focus on the Parliament of the United Kingdom)
|
|-
| Strathkelvin and Bearsden
| 7 June 2001
|
|
|
|
| Resignation (health reasons)
|
|- bgcolor=lightblue
| Ayr
| 16 March 2000
|
|
|
|
| Resignation (family reasons)
|
|-
|}
See also
- Regional member changes in the Scottish Parliament
- List of by-elections to the Senedd
- Elections in Scotland