List of birds of Spain

<!-- per older versions of the page and Spanish source references; Taxonomy follows the IOC World Bird List.

The following tags have been used to highlight some categories of occurrence.

(R) Rarity – a species that only occurs rarely anywhere in Spain, and requires submission of evidence to the Comité de Rarezas de SEO (Spanish Rarities Committee) for acceptance.
(E) Endemic – a species found only in Spain, with the location appended.
(B) Category B - species which have not been recorded in Spain since 1950.
(C) Category C - species introduced to Spain as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions and that has an established population.

Note that Category D (species for which there are reasonable doubts as to their wild origin) do not form part of the Spanish list, and are not included here.

An additional note such as (Canary Islands only) means that the species has been recorded solely in that locality. Species without a note of that type have been recorded at a minimum in mainland Spain.

Ducks, geese, and waterfowl

Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae

Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating.

Brent goose (), Branta bernicla
Red-breasted goose (), Branta ruficollis (R)
Barnacle goose (), Branta leucopsis (R)
Canada goose (), Branta canadensis (C)
Bar-headed goose (), Anser indicus (C)
Snow goose (), Anser caerulescens (R)
Greylag goose (), Anser anser
Taiga bean goose (), Anser fabalis (R)
Pink-footed goose (), Anser brachyrhynchus
Tundra bean goose (), Anser serrirostris (R)
Greater white-fronted goose (), Anser albifrons
Mute swan (), Cygnus olor
Black swan (), Cygnus atratus (C)
Bewick's swan (), Cygnus columbianus (R)
Whooper swan (), Cygnus cygnus (R)
Egyptian goose (), Alopochen aegyptiaca (C)
Common shelduck (), Tadorna tadorna
Ruddy shelduck (), Tadorna ferruginea
Muscovy duck (), Cairina moschata (C)
Mandarin duck (), Aix galericulata (C)
Garganey (), Spatula querquedula
Blue-winged teal (), Spatula discors (R)
Northern shoveler (), Spatula clypeata
Gadwall (), Mareca strepera
Eurasian wigeon (), Mareca penelope
American wigeon (), Mareca americana (R)
Mallard (), Anas platyrhynchos
American black duck (), Anas rubripes (R)
Northern pintail (), Anas acuta
Eurasian teal (), Anas crecca
Green-winged teal (), Anas carolinensis (R)
Marbled duck (), Marmaronetta angustirostris
Red-crested pochard (), Netta rufina
Common pochard (), Aythya ferina
Ferruginous duck (), Aythya nyroca
Ring-necked duck (), Aythya collaris
Tufted duck (), Aythya fuligula
Greater scaup (), Aythya marila
Lesser scaup (), Aythya affinis (R)
King eider (), Somateria spectabilis (R)
Common eider (), Somateria mollissima
Surf scoter (), Melanitta perspicillata (R)
Velvet scoter (), Melanitta fusca
Stejneger's scoter (), Melanitta stejnegeri (R)
Common scoter (), Melanitta nigra
Black scoter (), Melanitta americana (R)
Long-tailed duck (), Clangula hyemalis
Bufflehead (), Bucephala albeola (R)
Common goldeneye (), Bucephala clangula (R)
Barrow's goldeneye (), Bucephala islandica (R)
Smew (), Mergellus albellus (R)
Goosander (), Mergus merganser (R)
Red-breasted merganser (), Mergus serrator
Ruddy duck (), Oxyura jamaicensis (C)
White-headed duck (), Oxyura leucocephala

File:Ánsar común (Greylag Goose) en Las Tablas de Daimiel - panoramio.jpg|Greylag geese, Tablas de Daimiel National Park, Ciudad Real

File:Mute Swan (Cygnus olor) (25950124742).jpg|Mute swan, with mallards, Castelló d'Empúries, Catalonia

File:Ganso Egipcio - Estanque del Palacio de Cristal - Madrid 03.jpg|Egyptian goose, Retiro Park, Madrid

File:Common Shellduck (Tadorna tadorna) (26499348215).jpg|Common shelduck, Estany del Cortalet, Los Aiguamolls del' Empordà, Castelló d'Empúries, Catalonia

File:Garganey (Spatula querquedula) male.jpg|Garganey, Estanque de San Lázaro, Trujillo, Spain

File:Northern Shoveler (Anas clypeata) male (26181671041).jpg|Northern shoveler, Castelló d'Empúries, Catalonia

File:Gadwall (Anas strepera) male (25580893484).jpg|Gadwall, Castelló d'Empúries, Catalonia

File:Xarxet.jpg|Eurasian teal, Aiguamolls de l'Empordà, Catalonia

File:Marmaronetta angustirostris, Clot-de-Galvany, Alicante 5.jpg|Marbled teal, Clot-de-Galvany, Alicante

File:Netta rufina (male).jpg|Red-crested pochard, Albufera, Mallorca

File:Aythya ferina Alicante 1.jpg|Common pochard, Alicante

File:Porrón moñudo (Tufted Duck) en Las Tablas de Daimiel - panoramio.jpg|Tufted ducks, Tablas de Daimiel National Park, Ciudad Real

File:PORRÓN BOLA (Aythya affinis). ♀ (8500907930) (2).jpg|Lesser scaup (vagrant), Gran Canaria

File:Merganso (Mergus), Razo, Carballo, Galicia (Spain).jpg|Goosander, Carballo, Galicia

File:Witkopeend - white-headed duck - Oxyura leucocephala 3.tif|White-headed duck, Andalusia

</gallery>

Pheasants, grouse, and allies

Order: GalliformesFamily: Phasianidae

The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds. In general, they are plump, although they vary in size, and have broad, relatively short wings.

Hazel grouse (), Tetrastes bonasia (B)
Rock ptarmigan (), Lagopus muta
Western capercaillie (), Tetrao urogallus
Grey partridge (), Perdix perdix
Common pheasant (), Phasianus colchicus (C)
Common quail (), Coturnix coturnix
Barbary partridge (), Alectoris barbara (native in North African territories, category C on Canary Islands)
Red-legged partridge (), Alectoris rufa

File:Western Capercaillie Spain.jpg|Western capercaillie, Spanish Pyrenees

File:Phasianus colchicus (Madrid, Spain) 01.jpg|Common pheasant, Madrid

File:Coturnix coturnix, Tañabueyes, Burgos, Spain 1.jpg|Common quail, Cuntis, Galicia

File:Alectoris barbara.jpg|Barbary partridges, Barranco del Infierno, Tenerife

File:Red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa intercedens) Loja.jpg|Red-legged partridge, Loja, Granada

</gallery>

Nightjars and allies

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves.

Common nighthawk (), Chordeiles minor (R)
Red-necked nightjar (), Caprimulgus ruficollis
Eurasian nightjar (), Caprimulgus europaeus
Egyptian nightjar (), Caprimulgus aegyptius (R)

Swifts

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Apodidae

Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

Chimney swift (), Chaetura pelagica (R)
Alpine swift (), Tachymarptis melba
Common swift (), Apus apus
Plain swift (), Apus unicolor (R except on Canary Islands)
Pallid swift (), Apus pallidus
Little swift (), Apus affinis
White-rumped swift (), Apus caffer

File:Tachymarptis melba, Delta Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (3).jpg|Alpine swift, Llobregat Delta, Barcelona

File:Apus apus -Barcelona, Spain-8 (1).jpg|Common swift, Barcelona

File:Einfarbsegler.jpg|Plain swift, La Gomera, Canary Islands

File:Apuspallidus 9043.JPG|Pallid swift, Tarifa

</gallery>

Bustards

Order: OtidiformesFamily: Otididae

Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays.

Great bustard (), Otis tarda vulnerable
Houbara bustard (), Chlamydotis undulata (Canary Islands only)
Little bustard (), Tetrax tetrax

File:Abetarda-comum, macho, Great Bustard, male (54453981197).jpg|Great bustard, Villafáfila, Zamora, Castile and León

File:Canarian houbara (Chlamydotis undulata fuerteventurae).jpg|Houbara bustard, El Jable Plains, Lanzarote, Canary Islands

File:Tetrax tetrax, Castuera, Estremadura, Spain 2.jpg|Little bustard, Castuera, Extremadura

</gallery>

Cuckoos

Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. The Old World cuckoos are brood parasites.

Great spotted cuckoo (), Clamator glandarius
Yellow-billed cuckoo (), Coccyzus americanus (R)
Common cuckoo (), Cuculus canorus

File:Clamator glandarius 91766142.jpg|Great spotted cuckoo, Extremadura

</gallery>

Sandgrouse

Order: PterocliformesFamily: Pteroclidae

Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. Their legs are feathered down to the toes.

Pallas's sandgrouse (), Syrrhaptes paradoxus (B)
Pin-tailed sandgrouse (), Pterocles alchata
Black-bellied sandgrouse (), Pterocles orientalis

File:Pterocles alchata (cropped).jpg|Pin-tailed sandgrouse, Castuera, Badajoz, Extremadura

File:Pterocles orientalis in flight.jpg|Black-bellied sandgrouse, Los Molinos Reservoir, Fuerteventura, Canary Islands

</gallery>

Pigeons and doves

Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

Rock dove (), Columba livia
Stock dove (), Columba oenas
Common wood pigeon (), Columba palumbus
Bolle's pigeon (), Columba bollii (E – Canary Islands)
Laurel pigeon (), Columba junoniae (E – Canary Islands)
European turtle dove (), Streptopelia turtur
Oriental turtle dove (), Streptopelia orientalis (R)
Eurasian collared dove (), Streptopelia decaocto
Laughing dove (), Spilopelia senegalensis (R on mainland Spain only)

File:Columba livia - 02.jpg|Rock dove (feral pigeon), Retiro Park, Madrid

File:Wood Pigeon (Columba palumbus) (26225193530).jpg|Common wood pigeon, Castelló d'Empúries, Catalonia

File:Bolles Lorbeertaube.jpg|Bolle's pigeon, La Palma

File:Columba junoniae 163958122 (cropped).jpg|Laurel pigeon, Las Palmas, Canary Islands

File:Streptopelia turtur Pinares de Rostrogordo.jpg|European turtle dove, Melilla

File:Eurasian Collared Dove (Streptopelia decaoto), Guatiza, Lanzarote (5357071300).jpg|Eurasian collared dove, Guatiza, Lanzarote, Canary Islands

File:Laughing Dove (Streptopelia senegalensis), Maguez, Lanzarote (5357073174).jpg|Laughing dove, Lanzarote, Canary Islands

</gallery>

Rails, gallinules, and coots

Order: GruiformesFamily: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.

Water rail (), Rallus aquaticus
African crake (), Crecopsis egregia (R)
Corn crake (), Crex crex (R)
Sora (), Porzana carolina (R)
Spotted crake (), Porzana porzana
Lesser moorhen (), Paragallinula angulata (R)
Common moorhen (), Gallinula chloropus
Eurasian coot (), Fulica atra
Red-knobbed coot (), Fulica cristata
American coot (), Fulica americana (R)
Allen's gallinule (), Porphyrio alleni (R)
Purple gallinule (), Porphyrio martinicus (R)
Western swamphen (), Porphyrio porphyrio
African swamphen (), Porphyrio madagascariensis (R)
Baillon's crake (), Zapornia pusilla
Little crake (), Zapornia parva
Striped crake (), Aenigmatolimnas marginalis (R)

File:Water Rail (Rallus aquaticus) (26098605512).jpg|Water rail, Castelló d'Empúries, Catalonia

File:Spotted Crake (Porzana porzana) (25937975784).jpg|Spotted crake, Castelló d'Empúries, Catalonia

File:Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) (26761058021).jpg|Common moorhen, Castelló d'Empúries, Catalonia

File:Eurasian coot (Fulica atra) with chicks.jpg|Eurasian coots, Estanque de San Lázaro, Trujillo, Extremadura

File:Red-knobbed Coot (Fulica cristata) - Parc Natural de s'Albufera, Spain 2022-04-21 (02).jpg|Red-knobbed coot, Albufera Natural Park

File:Purpurhuhn.jpg|Western swamphen, Mallorca

</gallery>

Cranes

Order: GruiformesFamily: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".

Sandhill crane (), Antigone canadensis (R)
Demoiselle crane (), Grus virgo (B R)
Common crane (), Grus grus

File:Grulla común (Grus grus), Las Cuerlas, Teruel, España, 2017-01-04, DD 27.jpg|Common cranes, Las Cuerlas, Teruel

</gallery>

Grebes

Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.

Little grebe (), Tachybaptus ruficollis
Pied-billed grebe (), Podilymbus podiceps (R)
Red-necked grebe (), Podiceps grisegena (R)
Great crested grebe (), Podiceps cristatus
Slavonian grebe (), Podiceps auritus vulnerable
Black-necked grebe (), Podiceps nigricollis

File:Tachybaptus ruficollis ruficollis.jpg|Little grebe, Catalonia

File:Great Crested Grebe (Podiceps cristatus) (26735133762).jpg|Great crested grebe, Castelló d'Empúries, Catalonia

File:Zampullín cuellinegro Podiceps nigricollis.jpg|Black-necked grebe, El Puerto de Santa María, Andalusia

</gallery>

Flamingos

Order: PhoenicopteriformesFamily: Phoenicopteridae

Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually tall, found in both the Western and eastern Hemispheres. Flamingos filter-feed on shrimps and algae. Their oddly shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume and, uniquely, are used upside-down.

Greater flamingo (), Phoenicopterus roseus
Lesser flamingo (), Phoeniconaias minor

File:Flamingo, Las Salinas Natural Park, Ibiza.jpg|Greater flamingo, Las Salinas Natural Park, Ibiza

</gallery>

Buttonquail

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Turnicidae

The buttonquail are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. The female is the brighter of the sexes and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young.

Common buttonquail (), Turnix sylvaticus (Ex)

Stone-curlews and thick-knees

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Burhinidae

The stone-curlews and thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow-black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.

Eurasian stone-curlew (), Burhinus oedicnemus

File:Burhinus oedicnemus insularum Lanzarote 1.jpg|Eurasian stone-curlew, Lanzarote, Canary Islands

</gallery>

Oystercatchers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs. They are long-lived birds, with some species known to live in excess of 40 years.

Canary Islands oystercatcher (), Haematopus meadewaldoi (E – Canary Islands; extinct)
Eurasian oystercatcher (), Haematopus ostralegus

File:Haematopus ostralegus.002 - Santa Cristina.jpg|Eurasian oystercatcher, Santa Cristina, Oleiros, A Coruña, Galicia

</gallery>

Stilts and avocets

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the stilts and avocets. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

Black-winged stilt (), Himantopus himantopus
Pied avocet (), Recurvirostra avosetta

File:Black-winged stilt (Himantopus himantopus) Spain.jpg|Black-winged stilt, Spain

File:Pied Avocet (Recurvirostra avosetta) - Parc Natural de s'Albufera, Spain 2022-04-21 (01).jpg|Pied avocet, Albufera Natural Park

</gallery>

Plovers and lapwings

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

Northern lapwing (), Vanellus vanellus
Sociable lapwing (), Vanellus gregarius (R)
White-tailed lapwing (), Vanellus leucurus (R)
European golden plover (), Pluvialis apricaria
Pacific golden plover (), Pluvialis fulva (R)
American golden plover (), Pluvialis dominica (R)
Grey plover (), Pluvialis squatarola
Common ringed plover (), Charadrius hiaticula
Semipalmated plover (), Charadrius semipalmatus (R)
Little ringed plover (), Charadrius dubius
Killdeer (), Charadrius vociferus (R)
Kittlitz's plover (), Anarhynchus pecuarius (R)
Kentish plover (), Anarhynchus alexandrinus
Lesser sand plover (), Anarhynchus mongolus (R)
Greater sand plover (), Anarhynchus leschenaultii (R)
Eurasian dotterel (), Eudromias morinellus

File:Pluvialis apricaria -Spain -flock-8a.jpg|European golden plovers, Spain

File:Pluvialis dominica.jpg|American golden plover, Sierra de la Capelada, A Coruña, Galicia

File:Avefría (Vanellus vanellus).jpg|Northern lapwing, Lagunas Manchegas

File:Kentish Plover ( Charadrius alexandrinus ) ... Southern Spain (53416088471).jpg|Kentish plover, southern Spain

File:Common Ringed Plover (Charadrius hiaticula) - Flickr - gailhampshire.jpg|Common ringed plovers, Estuario de Río Guadiaro, near Sotogrande

File:Little Ringed Plover - Castuera - Extremadura S4E6393 (14737551711).jpg|Little ringed plover, Castuera, Extremadura

</gallery>

Egyptian plover

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Pluvianidae

The Egyptian plover is found across equatorial Africa and along the Nile River.

Egyptian plover (), Pluvianus aegyptius (B, Canary Islands)

Sandpipers and allies

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Scolopacidae

Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enables multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

Upland sandpiper (), Bartramia longicauda (R)
Eurasian whimbrel (), Numenius phaeopus
Hudsonian whimbrel (), Numenius hudsonicus (R)
Slender-billed curlew (), Numenius tenuirostris (B R)
Eurasian curlew (), Numenius arquata
Bar-tailed godwit (), Limosa lapponica
Black-tailed godwit (), Limosa limosa
Ruddy turnstone (), Arenaria interpres
Great knot (), Calidris tenuirostris (R)
Red knot (), Calidris canutus
Ruff (), Calidris pugnax
Broad-billed sandpiper (), Calidris falcinellus (R)
Sharp-tailed sandpiper (), Calidris acuminata (R)
Stilt sandpiper (), Calidris himantopus (R)
Curlew sandpiper (), Calidris ferruginea
Temminck's stint (), Calidris temminckii
Red-necked stint (), Calidris ruficollis (R)
Sanderling (), Calidris alba
Dunlin (), Calidris alpina
Purple sandpiper (), Calidris maritima
Baird's sandpiper (), Calidris bairdii (R)
Little stint (), Calidris minuta
Least sandpiper (), Calidris minutilla (R)
White-rumped sandpiper (), Calidris fuscicollis (R)
Buff-breasted sandpiper (), Calidris subruficollis
Pectoral sandpiper (), Calidris melanotos
Semipalmated sandpiper (), Calidris pusilla (R)
Western sandpiper (), Calidris mauri (R)
Long-billed dowitcher (), Limnodromus scolopaceus (R)
Short-billed dowitcher (), Limnodromus griseus (R)
Eurasian woodcock (), Scolopax rusticola
Jack snipe (), Lymnocryptes minimus
Great snipe (), Gallinago media (R)
Common snipe (), Gallinago gallinago
Wilson's snipe (), Gallinago delicata (R)
Terek sandpiper (), Xenus cinereus (R)
Wilson's phalarope (), Phalaropus tricolor (R)
Red-necked phalarope (), Phalaropus lobatus
Red phalarope (), Phalaropus fulicarius
Common sandpiper (), Actitis hypoleucos
Spotted sandpiper (), Actitis macularius (R)
Green sandpiper (), Tringa ochropus
Solitary sandpiper (), Tringa solitaria (R)
Lesser yellowlegs (), Tringa flavipes (R)
Common redshank (), Tringa totanus
Marsh sandpiper (), Tringa stagnatilis
Wood sandpiper (), Tringa glareola
Spotted redshank (), Tringa erythropus
Common greenshank (), Tringa nebularia
Greater yellowlegs (), Tringa melanoleuca (R)

File:Whimbrel (Fuerteventura).jpg|Eurasian whimbrel, Fuerteventura

File:Eurasian Curlew (Numenius arquata) - Parc Natural de s'Albufera, Spain 2022-04-21.jpg|Eurasian curlew, Albufera Natural Park

File:Grutto - black-tailed godwit - Limosa limosa 2.jpg|Black-tailed godwit, Cabo de gata, Almería

File:Arenaria interpres EM1B2294 (46614201815).jpg|Ruddy turnstone, Las Palmas, Gran Canaria

File:Philomachus pugnax-pjt.jpg|Ruff, Parc natural de s’Albufera de Mallorca, Mallorca

File:Calidris alba - 6210.jpg|Sanderling, Fuerteventura

File:Calidris alpina - Correlimos comun - Santa Pola 2013.jpg|Dunlin, Santa Pola, Alicante

File:Vuelvepiedras2.jpg|Dunlin and little stints, Paraje Natural Punta Entinas Sabinar, Andalusia

File:Common Snipe (Gallinago gallinago) (26144727151).jpg|Common snipe, Empuriabrava, Catalonia

File:Actitis hypoleucos, Melilla, Spain.jpg|Common sandpiper, Melilla

File:Green Sandpiper - Castuera - Extremadura S4E6267 (14738362234).jpg|Green sandpiper, Castuera, Extremadura

File:Spotted Redshank (Tringa erythropus) - Parc Natural de s'Albufera, Spain 2022-04-16.jpg|Spotted redshank, Parc natural de s’Albufera de Mallorca, Mallorca

File:Tringa glareola Llobregat 3.jpg|Wood sandpiper, Llobregat Delta, Barcelona

File:Common Redshank (Tringa totanus) - Parc Natural de s'Albufera, Spain 2022-04-21.jpg|Common redshank, Parc natural de s’Albufera de Mallorca, Mallorca

</gallery>

Pratincoles and coursers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Glareolidae

Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long, pointed bills which curve downwards.

Cream-coloured courser (), Cursorius cursor (R in mainland Spain only)
Collared pratincole (), Glareola pratincola
Black-winged pratincole (), Glareola nordmanni (R)

File:Glareola pratincola on ground.jpg|Collared pratincole, Viladecans, Catalonia

</gallery>

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds, including the gulls and terns. Gulls are typically medium sized to large, grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings; they have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of smaller to medium size seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head; most hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Gulls and terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years.

Black-legged kittiwake (), Rissa tridactyla
Sabine's gull (), Xema sabini
Slender-billed gull (), Chroicocephalus genei
Bonaparte's gull (), Chroicocephalus philadelphia (R)
Black-headed gull (), Chroicocephalus ridibundus
Grey-headed gull (), Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus (R)
Little gull (), Hydrocoloeus minutus
Ross's gull (), Rhodostethia rosea (R)
Laughing gull (), Leucophaeus atricilla (R)
Franklin's gull (), Leucophaeus pipixcan (R)
Audouin's gull (), Ichthyaetus audouinii
Mediterranean gull (), Ichthyaetus melanocephalus
Pallas's gull (), Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus (R)
Common gull (), Larus canus
Ring-billed gull (), Larus delawarensis
Great black-backed gull (), Larus marinus
Kelp gull (), Larus dominicanus (R)
Glaucous-winged gull (), Larus glaucescens (R)
Glaucous gull (), Larus hyperboreus
Iceland gull (), Larus glaucoides
European herring gull (), Larus argentatus
American herring gull (), Larus smithsonianus (R)
Caspian gull (), Larus cachinnans
Yellow-legged gull (), Larus michahellis
Lesser black-backed gull (), Larus fuscus
Gull-billed tern (), Gelochelidon nilotica
Caspian tern (), Hydroprogne caspia
Royal tern (), Thalasseus maximus (R)
West African crested tern (), Thalasseus albididorsalis (R)
Lesser crested tern (), Thalasseus bengalensis
Sandwich tern (), Thalasseus sandvicensis
Elegant tern (), Thalasseus elegans (R)
Little tern (), Sternula albifrons
Least tern (), Sternula antillarum (R)
Bridled tern (), Onychoprion anaethetus (R)
Sooty tern (), Onychoprion fuscatus (R)
Roseate tern (), Sterna dougallii
Common tern (), Sterna hirundo
Arctic tern (), Sterna paradisaea
Forster's tern (), Sterna forsteri (R)
Whiskered tern (), Chlidonias hybrida
White-winged tern (), Chlidonias leucopterus
Black tern (), Chlidonias niger

File:Rissa tridactyla -Puerto de Las Palmas, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain -flying-8 (1).jpg|Black-legged kittiwake, Port of Las Palmas, Las Palmas, Canary Islands

File:Slender-billed Gulls (Gaviota Picofina) (Chroicocephalus genei) - Salinas y Arenales de San Pedro del Pinatar, Spain 2024-02-06.jpg|Slender-billed gulls, Salinas y Arenales de San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia

File:Gaviota reidora Ferrol.JPG|Black-headed gull, Ferrol

File:Ichthyaetus melanocephalus 470860003.jpg|Mediterranean gull, Costa Ballena, Chipiona, Cádiz

File:Ichthyaetus audouinii.jpg|Audouin's gull, Palma de Mallorca

File:Seagull on rocks.jpg|European herring gull, San Sebastián

File:Gull (5828444208).jpg|Yellow-legged gull, Barcelona

File:Lesser Black-backed Gull (3303854335).jpg|Lesser black-backed gull, Fuerteventura

File:Larus marinus.001 - Burela.jpg|Great black-backed gull, Burela, Lugo, Galicia

File:Sternula albifrons in flight, Spain 2432.jpg|Little tern, Spain

File:Xatrac gros 02 - Pagaza piquirroja - Caspian tern - Sterna caspia.jpg|Caspian tern, Llobregat Delta, Barcelona

File:Chlidonias hybrida (8752000906).jpg|Whiskered terns, Ebro Delta, Catalonia

File:Sterna hirundo with fish (50151944828).jpg|Common tern, Valencia

File:Thalasseus sandvicensis Barcelona.jpg|Sandwich tern, Llobregat Delta, Barcelona

</gallery>

Skuas and jaegers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants.

South polar skua (), Stercorarius maccormicki (R)
Great skua (), Stercorarius skua
Pomarine skua (), Stercorarius pomarinus
Arctic skua (), Stercorarius parasiticus
Long-tailed skua (), Stercorarius longicaudus

Auks, guillemots, and puffins

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Alcidae

Auks are superficially similar to penguins due to their black-and-white plumage, their upright posture and some of their habits; however, they are not related to the penguins and differ in being able to fly. Auks live on the open sea, only deliberately coming ashore to nest.

Little auk (), Alle alle (R)
Common guillemot (), Uria aalge
Razorbill (), Alca torda near-threatened
Black guillemot (), Cepphus grylle (R)
Atlantic puffin (), Fratercula arctica

Tropicbirds

Order: PhaethontiformesFamily: Phaethontidae

Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head.

Red-billed tropicbird (), Phaeton aetherius (R except on Canary Islands)

Divers

Order: GaviiformesFamily: Gaviidae

Divers, known as loons in North America, are a group of aquatic birds found widely in northern Eurasia and North America. They are roughly the size of cormorants, which they somewhat resemble when swimming, but to which they are completely unrelated.

Red-throated diver (), Gavia stellata
Black-throated diver (), Gavia arctica
Pacific diver (), Gavia pacifica (R)
Great northern diver (), Gavia immer

Southern storm petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Oceanitidae

Southern storm petrels, are seabirds in the family Oceanitidae, part of the order Procellariiformes. These smallest of seabirds feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

Wilson's storm petrel (), Oceanites oceanicus
White-faced storm petrel (), Pelagodroma marina (R, except for Canary Islands)
Black-bellied storm petrel (), Fregetta tropica (R)

Albatrosses

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Diomedeidae

The albatrosses are among the largest flying birds, with long, narrow wings for gliding. The majority are found in the Southern Hemisphere with only vagrants occurring in the North Atlantic.

Black-browed albatross (), Thalassarche melanophris (R)
Yellow-nosed albatross (), Thalassarche chlororhynchos (R)

Northern storm petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Hydrobatidae

Though the members of this family are similar in many respects to the southern storm petrels, including their general appearance and habits, there are enough genetic differences to warrant their placement in a separate family.

European storm petrel (), Hydrobates pelagicus
Swinhoe's storm petrel (), Hydrobates monorhis (R)
Leach's storm petrel (), Hydrobates leucorheus
Band-rumped storm petrel (), Hydrobates castro (R)

File:Mediterranean Storm Petrel at a breeding colony.jpg|European storm petrel, Benidorm Island

</gallery>

Shearwaters and petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized petrels and shearwaters, characterised by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary.

Northern fulmar (), Fulmarus glacialis
Cape petrel (), Daption capense (R)
Great-winged petrel (), Pterodroma macroptera (R)
Zino's petrel (), Pterodroma madeira (R)
Fea's petrel (), Pterodroma feae (R)
Desertas petrel (), Pterodroma deserta (R)
Black-capped petrel (), Pterodroma hasitata (R)
Scopoli's shearwater (), Calonectris diomedea
Cory's shearwater (), Calonectris borealis
Cape Verde shearwater (), Calonectris edwardsii (R)
Sooty shearwater (), Ardenna grisea
Great shearwater (), Ardenna gravis
Manx shearwater (), Puffinus puffinus
Yelkouan shearwater (), Puffinus yelkouan
Balearic shearwater (), Puffinus mauretanicus
Barolo shearwater (), Puffinus baroli (R, except for Canary Islands)
Boyd's shearwater (), Puffinus boydi (R)
Bulwer's petrel (), Bulweria bulwerii (R, except for Canary Islands)

File:Cory's shearwater (Calonectris borealis).jpg|Cory's shearwater, La Gomera

File:Ardenna gravis, off Bermeo, Bilbao, Spain 1.jpg|Great shearwater, off Bermeo, Bilbao

File:Puffinus mauretanicus.jpg|Balearic shearwater, Balearic Islands

File:Puffinus boydi.jpg|Boyd's shearwater, Canary Islands

</gallery>

Storks

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wetland birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute, but bill-clattering is an important mode of communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory.

Black stork (), Ciconia nigra
White stork (), Ciconia ciconia

File:Black storks (Ciconia nigra) on nest.jpg|Black storks, Salto Del Gitano, Cáceres, Extremadura

File:White stork (Ciconia ciconia) on nest.jpg|White stork, Huelva

</gallery>

Frigatebirds

Order: SuliformesFamily: Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black, or black-and-white, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have red inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.

Magnificent frigatebird (), Fregata magnificens (R)

Boobies and gannets

Order: SuliformesFamily: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium to large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.

Northern gannet (), Morus bassanus
Masked booby (), Sula dactylatra (R)
Red-footed booby (), Sula sula (R)
Brown booby (), Sula leucogaster (R)

Cormorants and shags

Order: SuliformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae

Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium to large coastal, fish-eating seabirds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies, with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black-and-white and a few being colourful.

Pygmy cormorant (), Microcarbo pygmeus (R)
Great cormorant (), Phalacrocorax carbo
European shag (), Gulosus aristotelis
Double-crested cormorant (), Nannopterum auritum (R)

File:Phalacrocorax carbo.007 - Arteixo.jpg|Great cormorant, Arteixo, A Coruña

File:Cormoranes Moñudos en las Islas Cíes 2.jpg|European shag, Islas Cíes, Galicia

</gallery>

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Threskiornithidae

Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.

African sacred ibis (), Threskiornis aethiopicus (C)
Northern bald ibis (), Geronticus eremita (B C)
Glossy ibis (), Plegadis falcinellus
Eurasian spoonbill (), Platalea leucorodia

File:Glossy ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) in flight.jpg|Glossy ibis, El Rocío, Huelva

File:Geronticus eremita 356385817.jpg|Northern bald ibis, near Cádiz, Andalusia (reintroduced)

File:Eurasian spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia) breeding 2.jpg|Eurasian spoonbill, near Almonte

</gallery>

Heron, egrets, and bitterns

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises and spoonbills.

Great bittern (), Botaurus stellaris
American bittern (), Botaurus lentiginosus (R)
Little bittern (), Botaurus minutus
Dwarf bittern (), Botaurus sturmii (R)
Black-crowned night heron (), Nycticorax nycticorax
Green heron (), Butorides virescens (R)
Squacco heron (), Ardeola ralloides
Western cattle egret (), Ardea ibis
Grey heron (), Ardea cinerea
Great blue heron (), Ardea herodias (R)
Purple heron (), Ardea purpurea
Great egret (), Ardea alba
Tricolored heron (), Egretta tricolor (R)
Little egret (), Egretta garzetta
Western reef heron (), Egretta gularis (R)

File:Ixobrychus minutus -Barcelona, Spain-8.jpg|Little bittern, Barcelona

File:Entreramas (118472479).jpeg|Black-crowned night heron, Dehesa de abajo, Seville

File:Squacco Heron (Ardeola ralloides) with small water snake (Natrix sp.) (26058741884).jpg|Squacco heron, Catalonia

File:Cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis),Fuerteventura.jpg|Western cattle egret, Morro Jable, Fuerteventura

File:Grey Heron in Madrid, Spain 4.jpg|Grey heron, Madrid

File:Purple Heron (Ardea purpurea) - Parc Natural de s'Albufera, Spain 2022-04-21.jpg|Purple heron, Albufera Natural Park, Palma de Mallorca

File:Great Egrets (Ardea alba) (25442679423).jpg|Great egrets, Catalonia

File:Little Egret (Egretta garzetta) - Parc Natural de s'Albufera, Spain 2022-04-21 (01).jpg|Little egret, Albufera Natural Park, Palma de Mallorca

</gallery>

Pelicans

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes.

Great white pelican (), Pelecanus onocrotalus (R)

Osprey

Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Pandionidae

The family Pandionidae contains only one species, the osprey. The osprey is a medium-large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

Osprey (), Pandion haliaetus

File:Pandion haliaetus-pjt.jpg|Osprey, Mallorca

</gallery>

Hawks, eagles, and kites

Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.

Black-winged kite (), Elanus caeruleus
Bearded vulture (), Gypaetus barbatus
Egyptian vulture (), Neophron percnopterus
European honey buzzard (), Pernis apivorus
Swallow-tailed kite (), Elanoides forficatus (R)
White-backed vulture (), Gyps africanus (R)
Rüppell's vulture (), Gyps rueppelli
Griffon vulture (), Gyps fulvus
Black vulture (), Aegypius monachus
Short-toed snake eagle (), Circaetus gallicus
Bateleur (), Terathopius ecaudatus (R)
Lesser spotted eagle (), Clanga pomarina (R)
Greater spotted eagle (), Clanga clanga (R)
Booted eagle (), Hieraaetus pennatus
Steppe eagle (), Aquila nipalensis (R)
Spanish imperial eagle (), Aquila adalberti
Eastern imperial eagle (), Aquila heliaca (R)
Golden eagle (), Aquila chrysaetos
Bonelli's eagle (), Aquila fasciata
Eurasian sparrowhawk (), Accipiter nisus
Eurasian goshawk (), Astur gentilis
Western marsh harrier (), Circus aeruginosus
Hen harrier (), Circus cyaneus
Pallid harrier (), Circus macrourus
Montagu's harrier (), Circus pygargus
Red kite (), Milvus milvus
Black kite (), Milvus migrans
Yellow-billed kite (), Milvus aegyptius (R)
White-tailed eagle (), Haliaeetus albicilla (R except for reintroduced birds)
Rough-legged buzzard (), Buteo lagopus (R)
Long-legged buzzard (), Buteo rufinus (R except for North African enclaves)
Common buzzard (), Buteo buteo

File:Elanus caeruleus, Calera y Chozas, Toledo, Castile-La Mancha, Spain (103512997).jpg|Black-winged kite, Calera y Chozas, Toledo, Castilla–La Mancha

File:Bearded Vulture - Catalan Pyrenees - Spain (25190362996).jpg|Bearded vulture, Pyrenees, Catalonia

File:Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus percnopterus) in flight.jpg|Egyptian vulture, Salto Del Gitano, Cáceres, Extremadura

File:Gyps fulvus in flight - Spain.jpg|Griffon vulture, Spain

File:Aegypius monachus, Catalan Pyrenees, Spain S4E7599 (24849630059).jpg|Black vulture, Pyrenees, Catalonia

File:Short-toed snake eagle (Circaetus gallicus), La Lancha, Parque natural de la Sierra de Andújar, España (33424002675).jpg|Short-toed snake eagle, Parque natural de la Sierra de Andújar

File:AquilaPennata.jpg|Booted eagle, La Cañada, Ávila

File:Aguila Imperial Entrando Al Posadero (125891767).jpeg|Spanish imperial eagle, Andalusia

File:Chrysaetos La Cañada 20120114 1.jpg|Golden eagle, La Cañada, Ávila

File:Bonelli's Eagle eating prey - Montsonis - Spain MG 4737 (25099366362).jpg|Bonelli's eagle, Montsonís, Lleida, Catalonia

File:Gavilán - Esparver vulgar - Eurasian sparrowhawk - Accipiter nisus.jpg|Eurasian sparrowhawk, Barcelona, Catalonia

File:Northern Goshawk - Catalonia - Spain S4E8845 (25217894495).jpg|Eurasian goshawk, Catalonia

File:Circus aeruginosus Valencia 3.jpeg|Western marsh harrier, Valencia

File:Montagu's Harrier - Castuera - Extremadura S4E6362 (14760582663).jpg|Montagu's harrier, Castuera, Extremadura

File:Red Kite - Catalonia - Spain MG 5333 (24587338854).jpg|Red kite, Lleida, Catalonia

File:Black kite (Milvus migrans migrans) in flight Huelva 2.jpg|Black kite, Huelva, Andalusia

File:Common Buzzard - Catalonia - Spain S4E8884 (25124537751).jpg|Common buzzard, Catalonia

</gallery>

Barn owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Tytonidae

Barn owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.

Western barn owl, Tyto alba ()

File:Tyto alba - Cetrería - 02.jpg|Western barn owl, Madrid

</gallery>

Owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae

The typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

Tengmalm's owl (), Aegolius funereus
Little owl (), Athene noctua
Northern hawk-owl (), Surnia ulula (B R)
Eurasian pygmy owl (), Glaucidium passerinum (R)
Eurasian scops owl (), Otus scops
Long-eared owl (), Asio otus
Short-eared owl (), Asio flammeus
Marsh owl (), Asio capensis (R)
Snowy owl (), Bubo scandiacus (R)
Eurasian eagle-owl (), Bubo bubo
Pharaoh eagle-owl (), Bubo ascalaphus (R)
Tawny owl (), Strix aluco
Maghreb owl (), Strix mauritanica

File:Little Owl Spain.jpg|Little owl, Spain

File:Autillo.jpg|Scops owl, Seville

File:Bubo bubo hispanus, Rosas, Madrid, Spain 1.jpg|Eurasian eagle-owl, Madrid

</gallery>

Hoopoes

Order: BucerotiformesFamily: Upupidae

Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colour with a large erectile crest on their head.

Eurasian hoopoe (), Upupa epops

File:Upupa epops Madrid 02.jpg|Eurasian hoopoe, Madrid

</gallery>

Rollers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Coraciidae

Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not.

Abyssinian roller (), Coracias abyssinicus (R)
European roller (), Coracias garrulus

File:Eurasian Roller - Castuera - Extremadura S4E5843 (14738356884).jpg|European roller, Extremadura

</gallery>

Kingfishers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs and stubby tails.

Common kingfisher (), Alcedo atthis
Belted kingfisher (), Megaceryle alcyon (R)

File:Common Kingfisher (139214091).jpeg|Common kingfisher, Andalusia

</gallery>

Bee-eaters

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Meropidae

The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colourful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar.

Blue-cheeked bee-eater (), Merops persicus (R)
European bee-eater (), Merops apiaster

File:Bee Eater (114041645).jpeg|European bee-eaters, Andalusia

</gallery>

Woodpeckers

Order: PiciformesFamily: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Most species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while a few species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.

Eurasian wryneck (), Jynx torquilla
Middle spotted woodpecker (), Dendrocoptes medius
Lesser spotted woodpecker (), Dryobates minor
Great spotted woodpecker (), Dendrocopos major
White-backed woodpecker (), Dendrocopos leucotos
Black woodpecker (), Dryocopus martius
Iberian green woodpecker (), Picus sharpei
Levaillant's woodpecker (), Picus vaillantii (North African enclaves only)

File:Wryneck by Pepe Reigada.jpg|Eurasian wryneck, Córdoba

File:PicoMenor.jpg|Lesser spotted woodpecker, Ávila

File:Dendrocopos major hispanus, Miravalles, Villaviciosa, Spain (209039705).jpg|Great spotted woodpecker, Villaviciosa

File:Picus viridis sharpei 033.jpg|Iberian green woodpecker, Madrid

</gallery>

Falcons and caracaras

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in their bills having a tomial 'tooth'.

Lesser kestrel (), Falco naumanni
Common kestrel (), Falco tinnunculus
Red-footed falcon (), Falco vespertinus
Amur falcon (), Falco amurensis (R)
Eleonora's falcon (), Falco eleonorae
Merlin (), Falco columbarius
Eurasian hobby (), Falco subbuteo
Lanner falcon (), Falco biarmicus (R except for North African enclaves)
Saker falcon (), Falco cherrug (R)
Gyrfalcon (), Falco rusticolus (R)
Peregrine falcon (), Falco peregrinus

File:Falco naumanni 2011-07-10 La Cañada.jpg|Lesser kestrel, La Cañada, Ávila

File:Falco tinnunculus -El Castillo del Romeral, Canary Islands, Spain-8.jpg|Eurasian kestrel (F. t. canariensis), Gran Canaria

File:Eleonorenfalke1.jpg|Eleonora's falcon, Cap Formentor, Mallorca

File:Peregrine Falcon La Cañada.jpg|Peregrine falcon, La Cañada, Ávila

</gallery>

African and New World parrots

Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Psittacidae

Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured. In size they range from to in length. Most of the more than 150 species in the family are found in the New World. They are popular as cagebirds and some have established feral populations away from their native ranges.

Monk parakeet (), Myiopsitta monachus (C)
Mitred parakeet (), Psittacara mitratus (C)
Red-masked parakeet (), Psittacara erythrogenys (C)

File:MonkParakeetsSantaPonsa.jpg|Monk parakeets, Santa Ponsa

</gallery>

Old World parrots

Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Psittaculidae

Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured. In size they range from to in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand. They are popular as cagebirds and some have established feral populations away from their native ranges.

Rose-ringed parakeet (), Psittacula krameri (C)

Bushshrikes and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Malaconotidae

Bushshrikes are similar in habits to shrikes, hunting insects and other small prey from a perch on a bush. Although similar in build to the shrikes, these tend to be either colourful species or largely black; some species are quite secretive.

Black-crowned tchagra (), Tchagra senegalus (R except for North African enclaves)

Shrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Laniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A shrike's beak is hooked, like that of a typical bird of prey.

Brown shrike (), Lanius cristatus (R)
Red-backed shrike (), Lanius collurio
Isabelline shrike (), Lanius isabellinus (R)
Lesser grey shrike (), Lanius minor
Great grey shrike (), Lanius excubitor (R except for North African enclaves)
Iberian grey shrike (), Lanius meridionalis
Woodchat shrike (), Lanius senator
Masked shrike (), Lanius nubicus (R)

File:Lanius meridionalis (5768742781).jpg|Iberian grey shrike, Las Palmas, Gran Canaria

File:Lanius excubitor koenigi, El Jable, Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Spain.jpg|Great grey shrike, Lanzarote, Canary Islands

File:Woodchat shrike (Lanius senator senator).jpg|Woodchat shrike, Huelva

</gallery>

Vireos and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Vireonidae

The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World and Southeast Asia; a few species are recorded as transatlantic vagrants to western Europe.

Red-eyed vireo (), Vireo olivaceus (R)

Old World orioles

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Oriolidae

The Old World orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles.

Eurasian golden oriole (), Oriolus oriolus

File:Oriolus oriolus Barcelona 1.jpg|Eurasian golden oriole, Barcelona

File:Oriolus oriolus Ayodar 1.jpg|Eurasian golden oriole, Ayódar, Valencia

File:Oriolus oriolus Ayodar 2.jpg|Eurasian golden oriole, Ayódar, Valencia

</gallery>

Crows, jays, and magpies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae

The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

Eurasian jay (), Garrulus glandarius
Iberian magpie (), Cyanopica cooki
Eurasian magpie (), Pica pica
Maghreb magpie (), Pica mauritanica (R except for North African enclaves)
Eurasian nutcracker (), Nucifraga caryocatactes (R)
Red-billed chough (), Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Yellow-billed chough (), Pyrrhocorax graculus
Eurasian jackdaw (), Coloeus monedula
Rook (), Corvus frugilegus
Carrion crow (), Corvus corone
Hooded crow (), Corvus cornix (R)
Brown-necked raven (), Corvus ruficollis (R)
Common raven (), Corvus corax

File:Iberian magpie (Cyanopica cooki) 2.jpg|Iberian magpie, Almonte

File:Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax -standing-8.jpg|Red-billed chough, La Palma, Canary Islands

File:Pyrrhocorax graculus on Anboto.jpg|Yellow-billed chough, Urkiola Natural Park, Basque Country

File:Gralha-preta, Carrion Crow (54453940232).jpg|Carrion crow, Villafáfila, Zamora, Castile and León

File:Common Raven - Catalan Pyrenees - Spain MG 4399 (25099147132).jpg|Common raven, Pyrenees, Catalonia

</gallery>

Waxwings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Bombycillidae

The waxwings are a group of birds with soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter.

Bohemian waxwing (), Bombycilla garrulus (R)

Tits, chickadees, and titmice

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Paridae

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.

Coal tit (), Periparus ater
Crested tit (), Lophophanes cristatus
Marsh tit (), Poecile palustris
African blue tit (), Cyanistes teneriffae
Eurasian blue tit (), Cyanistes caeruleus
Great tit (), Parus major

File:Periparus ater 20180211b.jpg|Coal tit, Madrid

File:Lophophanes cristatus - 01.jpg|Crested tit, Cantalejo, Castile and León

File:Cyanistes teneriffae hedwigae -Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain-8.jpg|African blue tit, Gran Canaria

File:Herrerillo común en el parque de la Grajera, Logroño 2.jpg|Eurasian blue tit, Logroño, La Rioja

File:Ferreiriño abelleiro 06.jpg|Great tit, Marín, Galicia

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Penduline tits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Remizidae

The penduline tits are a group of small passerine birds related to the true tits. They are insectivores.

Eurasian penduline tit (), Remiz pendulinus

Bearded reedling

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Panuridae

This species, the only one in its family, is found in reed beds throughout temperate Europe and Asia.

Bearded reedling (), Panurus biarmicus

Larks

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.

Greater hoopoe-lark (), Alaemon alaudipes (R)
Bar-tailed lark (), Ammomanes cinctura (R)
Wood lark (), Lullula arborea
Eurasian skylark (), Alauda arvensis
Thekla's lark (), Galerida theklae
Crested lark (), Galerida cristata
Shore lark (), Eremophila alpestris (R)
Greater short-toed lark (), Calandrella brachydactyla
Bimaculated lark (), Melanocorypha bimaculata (R)
Calandra lark (), Melanocorypha calandra
Dupont's lark (), Chersophilus duponti near-threatened
Mediterranean short-toed lark (), Alaudala rufescens

File:Thekla's lark (Galerida theklae theklae) Loja.jpg|Thekla's lark, Loja, Granada

File:Galerida cristata. Crested Lark - Flickr - gailhampshire.jpg|Crested lark, Andalusia

File:Greater Short-toed Lark - Spain S4E6223 (16759765178).jpg|Greater short-toed lark, Spain

File:Kalanderleeuwerik - calandra lark - Melanocorypha calandra.jpg|Calandra lark, Extremadura

File:Chersophilus duponti 5692972.jpg|Dupont's lark, Lleida

File:Calandrella rufescens -Canary Islands -Spain-8.jpg|Mediterranean short-toed lark, Fuerteventura, Canary Islands

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Bulbuls

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pycnonotidae

Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throats or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive-brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.

Red-whiskered bulbul (), Pycnonotus jocosus (C)
Common bulbul (), Pycnonotus barbatus (R except for North African enclaves)

Swallows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae

The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

Sand martin (), Riparia riparia
Eurasian crag martin (), Ptyonoprogne rupestris
Barn swallow (), Hirundo rustica
Common house martin (), Delichon urbicum
European red-rumped swallow (), Cecropis rufula
American cliff swallow (), Petrochelidon pyrrhonota (R)

File:Sand martins (Riparia riparia).jpg|Sand martin, El Rocio

File:Eurasian Crag-Martin - Estremadurai 1779 (16772419967).jpg|Eurasian crag martin, Extremadura

File:Golondrina comun - Parque Lineal del Manzanares - Section II - Madrid 02.jpg|Barn swallows, Manzanares Linear Park, Madrid

File:Red-rumped swallow in Calpe, Spain - May 2018 01.jpg|European red-rumped swallow, Calpe

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Bush warblers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cettiidae

The members of this family are found across southern and western Europe, Africa, Asia, and Polynesia.

Cetti's warbler (), Cettia cetti

File:Cetti's warbler (Cettia cetti) Huelva.jpg|Cetti's warbler, Huelva

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Long-tailed tits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Aegithalidae

Long-tailed tits are a group of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They make woven bag nests in trees. Most eat a mixed diet which includes insects.

Long-tailed tit (), Aegithalos caudatus

File:Mito Aegithalos caudatus 3.jpg|Long-tailed tit A. c. irbii, Jerez de Los Caballeros, Extremadura

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Leaf warblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Phylloscopidae

Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into Wallacea and Africa. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with greyish-green to greyish-brown colours.

Wood warbler (), Phylloscopus sibilatrix
Western Bonelli's warbler (), Phylloscopus bonelli
Hume's warbler (), Phylloscopus humei (R)
Yellow-browed warbler (), Phylloscopus inornatus
Pallas's leaf warbler (), Phylloscopus proregulus (R)
Radde's warbler (), Phylloscopus schwarzi (R)
Dusky warbler (), Phylloscopus fuscatus (R)
Willow warbler (), Phylloscopus trochilus
Canary Islands chiffchaff (), Phylloscopus canariensis (E – Canary Islands)
Common chiffchaff (), Phylloscopus collybita
Iberian chiffchaff (), Phylloscopus brehmii
Greenish warbler (), Phylloscopus trochiloides (R)
Arctic warbler (), Phylloscopus borealis (R)

File:Phylloscopus bonelli 2.jpg|Western Bonelli's warbler, Aragon

File:Phylloscopus canariensis -Drago, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain-8 (1).jpg|Canary Islands chiffchaff, Dragonal, Gran Canaria

File:Iberian Chifchaff.jpg|Iberian chiffchaff, Viladecans, Catalonia

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Reed warblers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Acrocephalidae

The members of this family are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.

Great reed warbler (), Acrocephalus arundinaceus
Moustached warbler (), Acrocephalus melanopogon
Aquatic warbler (), Acrocephalus paludicola
Sedge warbler (), Acrocephalus schoenobaenus
Paddyfield warbler (), Acrocephalus agricola (R)
Blyth's reed warbler (), Acrocephalus dumetorum (R)
Common reed warbler (), Acrocephalus scirpaceus
Marsh warbler (), Acrocephalus palustris (R)
Booted warbler (), Iduna caligata (R)
Eastern olivaceous warbler (), Iduna pallida (R)
Western olivaceous warbler (), Iduna opaca
Melodious warbler (), Hippolais polyglotta
Icterine warbler (), Hippolais icterina

File:Acrocephalus scirpaceus 2015-05.jpg|Common reed warbler, Spain

File:Iduna opaca 121340041.jpg|Western olivaceous warbler, Almería

File:Zarcero común (Hippolais polyglotta) (7280749234).jpg|Melodious warbler, Las Palmas, Gran Canaria

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Grassbirds and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Locustellidae

Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.

Savi's warbler (), Locustella luscinioides
Common grasshopper warbler (), Locustella naevia

Cisticolas and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cisticolidae

The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub

Zitting cisticola (), Cisticola juncidis

File:Graszanger - zitting cisticola - Cisticola juncidis, La Serena, Extremadura, Spain.tiff|Zitting cisticola, Extremadura

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Sylviid warblers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sylviidae

The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. They mainly occur as breeding species in Europe, Asia and Africa. Some are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive head patterns, and musical songs.

Eurasian blackcap (), Sylvia atricapilla
Garden warbler (), Sylvia borin
Barred warbler (), Curruca nisoria (R)
Lesser whitethroat (), Curruca curruca (R)
Western Orphean warbler (), Curruca hortensis
African desert warbler (), Curruca nana (R)
Asian desert warbler (), Curruca nana (R)
Tristram's warbler (), Curruca deserticola (R)
Rüppell's warbler (), Curruca ruppeli (R)
Sardinian warbler (), Curruca melanocephala
Western subalpine warbler (), Curruca iberiae
Moltoni's warbler (), Curruca subalpina
Eastern subalpine warbler (), Curruca cantillans (R)
Common whitethroat (), Curruca communis
Spectacled warbler (), Curruca conspicillata
Marmora's warbler (), Curruca sarda (R)
Dartford warbler (), Curruca undata near-threatened
Balearic warbler (), Curruca balearica (E – Balearic Islands)

File:Curruca Capirotada.( Sylvia atricapilla heineken)(♂) (5215354550).jpg|Eurasian blackcap, Canary Islands

File:Sardinian Warbler (Sylvia melanocephala) (7).jpg|Sardinian warbler, Mallorca

File:Subalpine Warbler - Monfrague - Spain 2669 (19110069408).jpg|Western subalpine warbler, Monfragüe

File:Sylvia conspicillata Gran Canaria.jpg|Spectacled warbler, Gran Canaria

File:Dartford Warbler Provencegrasmücke (Sylvia undata) by J. Dietrich.jpg|Dartford warbler, Andalusia

File:Balearic Warbler.jpg|Balearic warbler, Spain

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Laughingthrushes and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Leiothrichidae

The laughingthrushes are somewhat diverse in size and colour, but are characterised by soft fluffy plumage.

Red-billed leiothrix (), Leiothrix lutea (C)

Crests and kinglets

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Regulidae

The crests, also called kinglets in North America, are a small group of birds formerly often included in the Old World warblers, but now given family status because they are genetically distant.

Common firecrest (), Regulus ignicapilla
Goldcrest (), Regulus regulus

File:Reyezuelo listado.JPG|Common firecrest, Spain

File:Tenerife Goldcrest (Regulus regulus teneriffae).JPG|Tenerife goldcrest Regulus regulus teneriffae, Tenerife

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Wrens

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Troglodytidae

The wrens are mainly small and inconspicuous except for their loud songs. These birds have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous.

Eurasian wren (), Troglodytes troglodytes

Nuthatches

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sittidae

Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet.

Eurasian nuthatch (), Sitta europaea

Wallcreeper

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Tichodromidae

The wallcreeper is a small bird related to the nuthatch family, which has stunning crimson, grey and black plumage.

Wallcreeper (), Tichodroma muraria

File:Tichodroma muraria - Embalse de Vadiello, Huesca, Spain 1.jpg|Wallcreeper, Vadiello Reservoir, Huesca

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Treecreepers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Certhiidae

Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees.

Eurasian treecreeper (), Certhia familiaris
Short-toed treecreeper (), Certhia brachydactyla

File:Short-toed treecreeper (Certhia brachydactyla megarhynchos).jpg|Short-toed treecreeper, Almonte

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Mockingbirds and thrashers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Mimidae

The mimids are a family of New World passerine birds related to starlings; a few species have been recorded as transatlantic vagrants in Europe. The species tend towards dull greys and browns in their appearance.

Grey catbird (), Dumetella carolinensis (R)

Starlings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with strong iridescence.

Rosy starling (), Pastor roseus (R)
Common starling (), Sturnus vulgaris
Spotless starling (), Sturnus unicolor

File:Sturnus unicolor-male singing.jpg|Spotless starling, Seville

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Thrushes and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds with a global distribution. They are plump, soft plumaged, medium-sized insectivores and frugivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

White's thrush (), Zoothera aurea (R)
Song thrush (), Turdus philomelos
Mistle thrush (), Turdus viscivorus
Redwing (), Turdus iliacus
Common blackbird (), Turdus merula
Eyebrowed thrush (), Turdus obscurus (R)
Fieldfare (), Turdus pilaris
Ring ouzel (), Turdus torquatus
Naumann's thrush (), Turdus naumanni (R)
American robin (), Turdus migratorius (R)

File:Turdus philomelos.011 - Arteixo.jpg|Song thrush, Arteixo, Galicia

File:Turdus merula -Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain-8 (2).jpg|Eurasian blackbird, Gran Canaria

File:Turdus torquatus, Spain 1.jpg|Ring ouzel, Spain

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Old World flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Muscicapidae

Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small insectivores. The appearance of these birds is highly varied; some have weak songs but others (notably the nightingales) have among the most complex and varied songs of all birds.

Rufous-tailed scrub-robin (), Cercotrichas galactotes
Spotted flycatcher (), Muscicapa striata
Mediterranean flycatcher (), Muscicapa tyrrhenica
European robin (), Erithacus rubecula
Siberian blue robin (), Larvivora cyane (R)
Bluethroat (), Luscinia svecica
Common nightingale (), Luscinia megarhynchos
Red-flanked bluetail (), Tarsiger cyanurus (R)
Red-breasted flycatcher (), Ficedula parva (R)
Semicollared flycatcher (), Ficedula semitorquata (R)
European pied flycatcher (), Ficedula hypoleuca
Collared flycatcher (), Ficedula albicollis (R)
Black redstart (), Phoenicurus ochruros
Common redstart (), Phoenicurus phoenicurus
Moussier's redstart (), Phoenicurus moussieri (R except North African enclaves)
Common rock thrush (), Monticola saxatilis
Blue rock thrush (), Monticola solitarius
Whinchat (), Saxicola rubetra
Canary Islands stonechat (), Saxicola dacotiae (E – Canary Islands)
European stonechat (), Saxicola rubicola
Siberian stonechat (), Saxicola maurus (R)
Northern wheatear (), Oenanthe oenanthe
Atlas wheatear (), Oenanthe seebohmi (R)
Isabelline wheatear (), Oenanthe isabellina (R)
Desert wheatear (), Oenanthe deserti (R)
Western black-eared wheatear (), Oenanthe hispanica
Eastern black-eared wheatear (), Oenanthe melanoleuca (R)
Black wheatear (), Oenanthe leucura
White-crowned wheatear (), Oenanthe leucopyga (R)

File:Erithacus rubecula superbus, Los Silos, Tenerife 1.jpg|Robin, Tenerife endemic subspecies Erithacus rubecula superbus, Los Silos, Tenerife

File:Common Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos) (25936816473).jpg|Common nightingale, Los Aiguamolls del' Empordà, Catalunya

File:Monsax.jpg|Common rock thrush, Spain

File:Monticola solitarius, Spain 1.jpg|Blue rock thrush, Spain

File:Saxicola dacotiae -Fuerteventura, Canary Islands, Spain-8.jpg|Canary Islands stonechat, Fuerteventura, Canary Islands

File:Common stonechat (Saxicola rubicola rubicola) male non-breeding Loja.jpg|European stonechat, Loja, Granada

File:Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe) female (26553633655).jpg|Northern wheatear, Aiguamolls de l'Empordà, Castelló d'Empúries, Catalonia

File:CollalbaRubia.jpg|Western black-eared wheatear, Spain

File:Black Wheatear, Garraf, Barcelona, Spain 2.jpg|Black wheatear, Garraf, Barcelona

</gallery>

Dippers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cinclidae

Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe and Asia. They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements.

White-throated dipper (), Cinclus cinclus

Weavers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Ploceidae

The weavers are small passerine birds related to the sparrows, native to Africa and southern Asia. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season. They are popular as cagebirds and some have established feral populations away from their native ranges.

Black-headed weaver (), Ploceus melanocephalus (C)
Yellow-crowned bishop (), Euplectes afer (C)

Waxbills and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Estrildidae

The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have wide variation in plumage colours and patterns. They are popular as cagebirds and several have established feral populations away from their native ranges.

Orange-cheeked waxbill (), Estrilda melpoda (C)
Common waxbill (), Estrilda astrild (C)
Black-rumped waxbill (), Estrilda troglodytes (C)
Red avadavat (), Amandava amandava (C)

File:Estrilda astrild -Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain-8.jpg|Common waxbill, Gran Canaria

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Old World sparrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae

Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.

Rock sparrow (), Petronia petronia
White-winged snowfinch (), Montifringilla nivalis
Eurasian tree sparrow (), Passer montanus
Spanish sparrow (), Passer hispaniolensis
House sparrow (), Passer domesticus

File:2017-05-02 Petronia petronia, Monestir d'Avellanes, Catalunya 02.jpg|Rock sparrow, Monestir d'Avellanes, Catalunya

File:Passer hispaniolensis -Canary Islands, Spain -female-8 (1).jpg|Spanish sparrow, Canary Islands

File:House sparrow (Passer domesticus balearoibericus) male.jpg|House sparrow (P. d. balearoibericus), Trujillo, Extremadura

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Accentors

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Prunellidae

The accentors are in the only bird family, Prunellidae, which is completely endemic to the Palearctic. They are small, fairly drab species superficially similar to sparrows.

Alpine accentor (), Prunella collaris
Dunnock (), Prunella modularis

File:Alpine accentor saganta.jpg|Alpine accentor, Castellón de la Plana, Valencia

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Wagtails and pipits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Motacillidae

Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country.

Western yellow wagtail (), Motacilla flava
Eastern yellow wagtail (), Motacilla tschutschensis (R)
Citrine wagtail (), Motacilla citreola
Grey wagtail (), Motacilla cinerea
White wagtail (), Motacilla alba
Richard's pipit (), Anthus richardi
Blyth's pipit (), Anthus godlewskii (R)
Tawny pipit (), Anthus campestris
Meadow pipit (), Anthus pratensis
Tree pipit (), Anthus trivialis
Olive-backed pipit (), Anthus hodgsoni (R)
Red-throated pipit (), Anthus cervinus
Buff-bellied pipit (), Anthus rubescens (R)
Water pipit (), Anthus spinoletta
Rock pipit (), Anthus petrosus
Berthelot's pipit (), Anthus berthelotii (Canary Islands only)

File:Motacilla flava iberiae, Delta Llobregat 2.jpg|Western yellow wagtail, Llobregat Delta, Barcelona

File:Motacilla cinerea 521427293.jpg|Grey wagtail, Logroño, Spain

File:Kanarenpieper.jpg|Berthelot's pipit, La Merica, Valle Gran Rey, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands

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Finches, euphonias, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae

Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

Common chaffinch (), Fringilla coelebs
Tenerife blue chaffinch (), Fringilla teydea (E – Canary Islands)
Gran Canaria blue chaffinch (), Fringilla polatzeki (E – Canary Islands)
Brambling (), Fringilla montifringilla
Hawfinch (), Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Eurasian bullfinch (), Pyrrhula pyrrhula
Trumpeter finch (), Bucanetes githagineus
Common rosefinch (), Carpodacus erythrinus (R)
European greenfinch (), Chloris chloris
Twite (), Linaria flavirostris (R)
Common linnet (), Linaria cannabina
Redpoll (), Acanthis flammea (R)
Common Crossbill (), Loxia curvirostra
European goldfinch (), Carduelis carduelis
Citril finch (), Carduelis citrinella
European serin (), Serinus serinus
Atlantic canary (), Serinus canaria (Canary Islands only)
Eurasian siskin (), Spinus spinus

File:Teidefink.jpg|Tenerife blue chaffinch, Tenerife

File:Pinzón azul de Gran Canaria (macho), M. A. Peña.jpg|Gran Canaria blue chaffinch, Gran Canaria

File:Greenfinch (Chloris chloris aurantiiventris) Extremadura.jpg|European greenfinch, Extremadura

File:Carduelis citrinella.jpg|Citril finch, Spain

File:Girlitz Serinus serinus.jpg|European serin, Mallorca

File:Serinus canaria -Parque Rural del Nublo, Gran Canaria, Spain -male-8a.jpg|Atlantic canary, Gran Canaria

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Longspurs and snow buntings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Calcariidae

The Calcariidae are a group of passerine birds which had been traditionally grouped with the buntings, but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas.

Lapland longspur (), Calcarius lapponicus (R)
Snow bunting (), Plectrophenax nivalis (R)

Old World buntings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Emberizidae

The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.

Corn bunting (), Emberiza calandra
Yellowhammer (), Emberiza citrinella
Pine bunting (), Emberiza leucocephalos (R)
Rock bunting (), Emberiza cia
Ortolan bunting (), Emberiza hortulana
Cretzschmar's bunting (), Emberiza caesia (R)
Cirl bunting (), Emberiza cirlus
House bunting (), Emberiza sahari (R)
Little bunting (), Emberiza pusilla (R)
Rustic bunting (), Emberiza rustica (R)
Yellow-breasted bunting (), Emberiza aureola (R)
Black-headed bunting (), Emberiza melanocephala (R)
Red-headed bunting (), Emberiza bruniceps (R)
Black-faced bunting (), Emberiza spodocephala (R)
Reed bunting (), Emberiza schoeniclus

File:Corn bunting (Emberiza calandra) Extremadura.jpg|Corn bunting, Extremadura

File:Ortolan bunting in Sierra de Guara, Aragon, Spain.jpg|Ortolan bunting, Sierra de Guara, Aragon

File:Cirl bunting cropped.jpg|Cirl bunting, Ayódar, Valencia

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New World sparrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passerellidae

The New World sparrows (or American sparrows) are a large family of seed-eating passerine birds with distinctively bunting-like bills and formerly included with them in the Emberizidae. Several species have been recorded as transatlantic vagrants in Europe.

White-throated sparrow (), Zonotrichia albicollis (R)
Song sparrow (), Melospiza melodia (R)

Troupials and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Icteridae

Icterids make up a family of small- to medium-sized, often colourful, New World passerine birds. Most species have black as a predominant plumage colour, often enlivened by yellow, orange or red. The species in the family vary widely in size, shape, behaviour and colour. A few species have been recorded as transatlantic vagrants in Europe.

Bobolink (), Dolichonyx oryzivorus (R)

New World warblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Parulidae

The New World warblers are a group of small often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are more terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores. Several species have been recorded as transatlantic vagrants in Europe.

Northern waterthrush (), Parkesia noveboracensis (R)
Black-and-white warbler (), Mniotilta varia (R)
Common yellowthroat (), Geothlypis trichas (R)
Yellow-rumped warbler (), Setophaga coronata (R)