This is a list of armed conflicts between Poland and Russia.
This list includes their predecessor states: Piast Poland, the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Kievan Rus', the Principality of Moscow, the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, and the Soviet Union:
:
:
:
<nowiki>*</nowiki><small>e.g. result unknown or indecisive/inconclusive, result of internal conflict inside Poland or Russia in which the other intervened, status quo ante bellum, or a treaty or peace without a clear result.</small>
Piast Poland versus Kievan Rus'
Crown of the Kingdom of Poland versus Principality of Moscow
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
! width="10%" | Date
! width="30%" | Conflict
! width="20%" | Poland and allies
! width="20%" | Moscow and allies
! width="20%" | Result
|-valign="top"
| 1507–1508
| Lithuanian-Muscovite War
| 20px Grand Duchy of Lithuania<br>20px Kingdom of Poland
| 20px Principality of Moscow
| bgcolor="#C0E0FF" | Disputed
- Principality of Moscow gives Liubech and six border counties to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
- Lithuania renounces claims to lost territories as a result Lithuanian-Muscovite War (1500-1503)
|- valign="top"
| 1512–1522
| Lithuanian–Muscovite War
| 20px Grand Duchy of Lithuania<br/>20px Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
| 20px Grand Principality of Moscow
| bgcolor="#56B4E9" | Muscovite victory
- Muscovy Captures Smolensk
|-valign="top"
| 1534–1537
| Lithuanian-Muscovite War
| 20px Grand Duchy of Lithuania<br>20px Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
| 20px Principality of Moscow
| bgcolor="#C0E0FF" | Inconclusive
- Grand Duchy of Lithuania gains Gomel
- Principality of Moscow gains Sebezh and Zawołocze
|}
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth versus Tsarist Russia
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
! width="10%" | Date
! width="30%" | Conflict
! width="20%" | Poland–Lithuania and allies
! width="20%" | Russia and allies
! width="20%" | Result
|- valign="top"
| 1561–1570
|
| <br /> Crown of the Kingdom of Poland<br />From 1569:<br />
| Tsardom of Russia (or Muscovy)
| bgcolor="#56B4E9" | Russian (Muscovite) victory
|- valign="top"
| 1577–1582
| Livonian campaign of Stephen Báthory
|
22px Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth<br/>22px Principality of Transylvania
|
| bgcolor="#CC79A7" | Polish–Lithuanian victory
- Livonia, Courland and Semigallia to Poland–Lithuania.
|- valign="top"
| 1605
| 1st Dimitriad
|False Dmitry 1
| Tsardom of Russia
Russian supporters
| bgcolor="#CC79A7" | Victory of False Dmitry 1
|-valign="top"
| 1606
| Moscow uprising
| False Dmitry 1
| Tsardom of Russia
Russian supporters
| bgcolor="#56B4E9" | Victory of Shuisky's coalition
|- valign="top"
| 1607–1609
| 2nd Dimitriad
| False Dmitry 2
| Tsardom of Russia
Russian supporters
| bgcolor="#56B4E9" | Government victory
|- valign="top"
| 1609–1618
| Polish–Muscovite War
|
|
| bgcolor="#CC79A7" | Polish–Lithuanian victory
- Truce of Deulino
- Poland–Lithuania gains Severia, Chernihiv and Smolensk
|- valign="top"
| Autumn 1632 – Spring 1634
| Smolensk War
| <br /> Zaporozhian Cossacks
|
| bgcolor="#CC79A7" | Polish–Lithuanian victory
- Treaty of Polyanovka
- Russian failure to retake Smolensk.
- Russia receives Serpeysk
|- valign="top"
| 1654–1667
| Russo-Polish War
| Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth<br/>Crimean Khanate<br/>Cossack Hetmanate (1658–1659, 1660–1667 in Right-bank Ukraine)<br/>Duchy of Prussia (1654–1656)
| Tsardom of Russia<br/>Cossack Hetmanate
| bgcolor="#56B4E9" | Russian victory
- Truce of Andrusovo
- Russia gains control of left-bank Ukraine, Kiev and Smolensk.
|- valign="top"
| 18 May – 27 July 1792
| Polish–Russian War of 1792
|
| <br /> Targowica Confederates
| bgcolor="#56B4E9" | Russian victory
- Second Partition of Poland
|- valign="top"
| 24 March – 16 November 1794
| Kościuszko Uprising
| Poland–Lithuania
| Russian Empire<br> Kingdom of Prussia<br> (Habsburg Monarchy)<br> Duchy of Courland
| bgcolor="#56B4E9" | Russo-Prussian victory
- Dissolution of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
- Third Partition of Poland
|}
Polish states and rebels versus Russian Empire
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
! width="10%" | Date
! width="30%" | Conflict
! width="20%" | Polish states and allies
! width="20%" | Russia and allies
! width="20%" | Result
|-
|9 October 1806 – 9 July 1807
|War of the Fourth Coalition
- Siege of Danzig (1807)
|
France
- Confederation of the Rhine
- Etruria
- Holland
- Italy
- Naples
- Saxony <br>
- Polish Legions
- Swiss Confederation
Spain
----
Polish rebels
|Fourth Coalition:
- Prussia
- Saxony<br>
- Sweden
- Sicily
- Septinsular Republic<br>
| bgcolor="#CC79A7" | French victory
- Treaties of Tilsit
- Treaty of Posen
- Prussia loses over half of its territory
- Creation of the Duchy of Warsaw and the Kingdom of Westphalia
|- valign="top"
| 24 June – 24 December 1812
| French invasion of Russia, pitched by Napoleon as the "Second Polish War"
| French Empire<br/>
Duchy of Warsaw<br/>
Italy<br/>
Naples<br/>
</p>
Switzerland <br>
<br/>
French allies:<br/><br/>
| <br />
| bgcolor="#56B4E9" |
- Escalation of the conflict into the Sixth Coalition
|- valign="top"
| 24 December 1812 – 30 May 1814
| War of the Sixth Coalition
|
- Naples
- Confederation of the Rhine
Denmark–Norway (1813–1814)
| Original coalition
- Spain
- Mecklenburg-Schwerin
- Sardinia
After the Armistice of Pläswitz
After the Battle of Leipzig
- Baden
After 20 November 1813
Netherlands
After January 1814
Denmark
| bgcolor="#56B4E9" | Coalition victory
- Creation of Congress Poland
|- valign="top"
| 29 November 1830 – 21 October 1831
| November Uprising
| National Government
| Russian Empire
- Congress Poland
- Polish Loyalists
| bgcolor="#56B4E9" | Russian victory
|- valign="top"
| 22 January 1863 – 18 June 1864/1865
| January Uprising
| Polish National Government<br>
- Rebels from the pre-partition lands of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Garibaldi Legion<br>Foreign volunteers:<br>
- French volunteers
- British volunteers
- Hungarian volunteers
Supported by:<br> Land and Liberty<br> Dzyalynsky Committee
| Russian Empire
- 15px Warsaw
- 15px Vilna
- 15px Kiev
Supported by:<br>
| bgcolor="#56B4E9" | Russian victory
|- valign="top"
|1905–1907
| Revolution in the Kingdom of Poland
| Polish revolutionaries
- Worker militias
- Polish Socialist Party
- Combat Organization
- SDKPiL
- Bund
- Anarchists
| Imperial Government
- Russian Army
- Okhrana
Polish reactionaries
- National-Democratic Party
- Stronnictwo Polityki Realnej (Real Politics Party)
| bgcolor="#56B4E9" | Imperial Government victory
|}
Second Polish Republic versus Soviet Union
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
! width="10%" | Date
! width="30%" | Conflict
! width="20%" | Poland and allies
! width="20%" | Soviet Union and allies
! width="20%" | Result
|- valign="top"
| 1918/1919 – 18 March 1921
| Polish–Soviet War
|
|
| bgcolor="#CC79A7" |
- Poland retained control of modern-day Western Ukraine and Western Belarus (Kresy in interwar Poland)
- Soviet forces retained control of modern-day Eastern Ukraine and Eastern Belarus
|- valign="top"
| 17 September – 6 October 1939
| Soviet invasion of Poland
|
| <br>Co-belligerent:<br> Germany
| bgcolor="#56B4E9" | Soviet victory
- Territory of Eastern Poland (Kresy) annexed by the Soviet Union
|- valign="top"
|}
See also
- Hungarian Revolution of 1848
- Baikal Insurrection
- War of the Fourth Coalition
- Civil war in Poland (1704–1706)
- War of the Polish Succession
- Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1953)
- Polish October
- Martial law in Poland
- List of wars and battles involving Galicia–Volhynia
- List of wars involving the Principality of Moscow
- – in most of which Kingdom of Poland was allied with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
- Russo-Swedish Wars