thumb|Mother [[sea otter with sleeping pup, Morro Bay, California]]
In the English language, many animals have different names depending on whether they are male, female, young, domesticated, or in groups.
The best-known source of many English words used for collective groupings of animals is The Book of Saint Albans, an essay on hunting published in 1486 and attributed to Juliana Berners. Most terms used here may be found in common dictionaries and general information web sites.
Generic terms
The terms in this table apply to many or all taxa in a particular biological family, class, or clade.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"
|-
! Scientific term || Trivial name!! Young !! Female !! Male !! Collective noun !! Collateral adjective
|-
| Aves || bird|| chick || hen || cock, rooster || flock || avian
|-
| Bovinae || cattle; ox, cow, kine (plural, dialectical)|| calf || cow (bred);<br>heifer (not bred) || bull (intact);<br>bullock or steer (castrated) || herd || bovine
|-
| Caninae || dog|| puppy, pup, cub, whelp || bitch || dog || pack || canine
|-
| Cetacea || whale, dolphin, porpoise|| calf || cow || bull || pod<br>herd || cetacean
|-
| Equidae || horse|| colt (male), filly (female), foal || jenny (asses);<br>mare (other equids) || jack (asses);<br>stallion (other equids);<br>gelding (castrated horse) || herd || equine
|-
| Felidae || cat|| kitten (non-big cats, such as Felis, Lynx, Puma, etc.);<br>cub (big cats, Panthera, and also Puma) || queen || tom, king || clowder (small cats);<br>pride (big cats) || feline
|-
| Suinae || pig|| piglet ||rowspan =3| sow || rowspan = 3 | boar || drift, drove || porcine, suine
|-
| Procyonidae || Raccoon family of Carnivorans||rowspan = 2 | cub, kit || rowspan=2| gaze, smack, committee || procyonid, procyonine
|-
| Viverridae || Civet family of Carnivorans|| viverrid, viverrine
|-
| Mustelidae || Ferret family of Carnivorans<br>(large: badgers & wolverines;<br>small: weasels & ferrets)|| kit || sow (large);<br>jill (small) || boar (large);<br>hob, jack (small) || colony (large);<br>business (small) || mustelid, musteline
|-
| Leporidae || rabbits & hares|| nestling || jill || jack || nest or band || leporid, leporine
|-
| Osteichthyes || bony fish|| hatchling, fry, fingerling || || || school, shoal || piscine, ichthyic
|}
Terms by species or taxon
<!-- This is a list of animals that have specific names as per column headings. Please do not add animals that have no specific terms. Please add reliable sources for the descriptors in columns. -->
{| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header"
|-
! Animal !! Young !! Female !! Male !! Collective noun !! Collateral adjective !! Culinary noun for meat
|-
! colspan=7 | A
|-
| Albatross || chick || || || flock<br/>gam (when searching for mates)<br/>rookery || diomedeid<br/>diomedeine ||
|-
| Alligator || hatchling || cow || bull || congregation || ||
|-
| Alpaca || cria || hembra || macho || herd || ||
|-
| Ant || larva<br/>pupa || queen (fertile)<br/>soldier<br/>worker || drone || army<br/>bike<br/>bivouac (migratory feeders)<br/>nest || doe || buck || cluster<br/>tribe<br/>troop, group || || flange<br/>troop, group<br/>cloud<br/>colony || vespertilionid<br>vespertilionine ||
|-
| Bear (list) || cub || she-bear<br/>sow || boar ||sleuth<br/>colony<br/>singular<br/>kaleidoscope<br/>rabble || papilionine<br/>||
|-
! colspan=7 | C
|-
| Camel || calf || cow || bull || caravan|| ||
|-
| Cat (list) || kit<br/>kitten || molly<br/>queen || gib (castrated male)<br/>king<br/>tom || clowder<br/>glaring<br/>litter (kittens)<br/>pillow (kittens)<br/>pounce || feline ||
|-
| Cattle (list) || calf || cow<br/>heifer<br/>freemartin || bull<br/>bullock<br/>ox<br/>steer || drove || ||
|-
| Chicken (list) || chick || hen<br/>pullet || capon (castrated male)<br/>cock<br/>cockerel<br/>rooster || brood<br/>clattering || pyrrhocoracine ||
|-
| Cobra || || || || quiver || elapid<br/>elapine ||
|-
| Cockroach || nymph || || || intrusion || || || herd<br/>sedge<br/>siege || alectorid<br/>alectorine ||
|-
| Crocodile || hatchling || cow || bull || bask<br/>herd || bitch || dog<br/>sire<br/>stud || comedy (boxers)<br/>cowardice (curs)<br/>cry (hounds)<br/>kennel<br/>mute<br/>rigg (UK)<br/>rock salmon (UK)<br/>spiny dogfish
|-
| Dolphin || calf || cow || bull || herd<br/>pod<br/>school || herd<br/>memory<br/>stand<br/>sleuth || ailuropodid<br/>ailuropodine ||
|-
| Giraffe || calf || cow || bull || corps<br/>herd<br/>tower || ||
|-
| Gnat || larva || || || cloud || ||
|-
| Goat (list) || kid || doe<br/>doeling<br/>nanny || billy<br/>buck<br/>buckling<br/>wether (castrated) || herd<br/>flock || || || herd || ||
|-
| Guinea fowl || keet || hen || cock || flock<br/>rasp || numidid<br/>numidine || poultry
|-
| Guinea pig || pup || sow || boar || herd || || cuy
|-
! colspan=7 | H
|-
| Hamster || pup || doe || buck || horde || cricetid<br/>cricetine ||
|-
| Hare || leveret || doe<br/>jill || buck<br/>jack || band<br/>down<br/>drove